Digital Commons Network^™

Development Of A High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method For Warfarin Detection In Human Plasma, Yung An Chua, Wan Zaidah Abdullah, Siew Hua Gan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Most of the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods that have been developed to measure warfarin levels use the preextraction spiked internal standard method. We developed a new liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and reversed-phase HPLC method that uses a postextraction spiked internal standard for the determination of plasma warfarin. Materials and methods: The effect of varying the 1) mobile phase pH, 2) type and composition of organic solvents, 3) type and concentration of buffer solutions, 4) column temperatures, 5) flow rates, 6) organic modifier, and 7) ultraviolet wavelengths were tested. Results: Optimum separation was achieved by using 30:70 (v/v) acetonitrile and potassium …

The Oral Health Status Of Healthy And Obese Children In A Turkish Population: A Cross-Sectional Study, Günseli̇ Güven Polat, Sevi̇ Burçak Çehreli̇, Mehmet Emre Taşcilar, Özlem Marti Akgün, Ceyhan Altun, İlker Tolga Özgen

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To compare the oral health status of a group of obese and healthy Turkish children. Materials and methods: The study involved 43 healthy (19 boys and 24 girls, mean age: 9.88) and 53 obese (18 boys and 35 girls, mean age: 10.4) children who were admitted to a pediatric dentistry clinic in 2008 and 2009. The parents were asked to complete a questionnaire concerning medical history and dietary/oral hygiene habits. The number of decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth (DMFT); number of decayed, missing, and filled primary teeth (dmft); and gingival bleeding index (GBI) scores of patients were recorded. Statistical …

Salter Innominate Osteotomy Or Pemberton Pericapsular Osteotomy In Treatment Of Developmental Dysplasia Of Hip, Naci̇ Ezi̇rmi̇k, Kadri̇ Yildiz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

We aimed to compare the clinical and radiological results of the Salter innominate osteotomy (SIO) and Pemberton pericapsular osteotomy (PPO) in children with bilateral developmental hip dysplasia who had undergone PPO for 1 side and SIO for the other side in a 1-stage operation. Materials and methods: Children with bilateral hip dysplasia who had undergone PPO for 1 side and SIO for the other side in a 1-stage operation were included in this study, and 126 hips of 63 patients were evaluated. Clinical and radiological results were evaluated and compared using the Sutherland Pain Scale, Modified McKay Grading System, and …

One-Stage Management Of Post-Traumatic Tibial Infected Nonunion Using Bone Transport After Debridement, Tang Liu, Xiaodong Yu, Xiangsheng Zhang, Zhihong Li, Wen Zeng

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To evaluate the results of the management of post-traumatic tibial infected nonunion using bone transport with external fixators. Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed a consecutive series of 35 patients from 2000 to 2008 in our hospital who were treated for the post-traumatic tibial nonunion by bone transport with an external fixator. Thirty-two limbs (80%) were in active infected state. The mean amount of bone defect was 3.5 cm (range 1.0 to 7.8 cm) as measured on plain radiographs. The mean leg-length discrepancy was 4.4 cm (range 0 to 8.7 cm). Results: The mean follow-up was 72.5 months (range 35-106 …

The Impact Of Attention Training On Children With Low Vision: A Randomized Trial, Bi̇lge Başakci Çalik, Ali̇ Ki̇ti̇ş, Uğur Cavlak, Atti̇la Oğuzhanoğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The purpose of this study was to show the effectiveness of a 6-week attention training program on the cognition, quality of life (QOL), and activities of daily living in children with low vision. Materials and methods: Included in this study were 20 children with low vision, aged 7-12 years. The children were divided into 2 groups. While the first group (n = 10) participated in a 6-week Pay Attention© training program 3 times a week for 30 min, the second group (n = 10) was the control. Before and after the program, all of the participants were evaluated using a …

Serum Nitric Oxide, Asymmetric Dimethylarginine, And Plasma Homocysteine Levels In Active Behçet's Disease, Murat Aydin, Cemi̇le Koca, Sema Uysal, Yüksel Totan, Ramazan Yağci, Ferah Armutcu, Zübeyde Cücen, Muhammet Ramazan Yi̇ği̇toğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Behçet's disease is a relapsing vasculitis characterized by endothelial dysfunction. This study was conducted to determine the levels of nitric oxide (NO) and 2 related parameters, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and homocysteine levels, in relation to the pathogenesis of Behçet's disease. Materials and methods: A total of 49 Behçet's patients, comprising 26 patients with the active disease and 23 patients with the inactive disease, and a healthy control group of 24 individuals participated in this study. International Study Group Diagnostic Criteria were followed in the diagnosis of Behçet's disease; patients who had at least 2 signs were considered as having the …

Risk Factors For Mortality In Patients With Nosocomial Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia, Ali̇ye Baştuğ, Gülruhsar Yilmaz, Bi̇rcan Kayaaslan, Esragül Akinci, Hurrem Bodur

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Bloodstream infections (BSIs) due to Staphylococcus aureus have become increasingly common in hospitals worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for mortality of nosocomial BSI due to S. aureus. Materials and methods: We analyzed risk factors for mortality of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) bacteremia in a prospective case control study in a 1196-bed tertiary referral medical center. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine risk factors and prognostic factors of mortality. Results: Between July 2006 and January 2009, 176 patients were identified with clinically significant and microbiologically confirmed nosocomial bacteremia …

Radioimmunotherapy Of Mice Bearing Breast Tumors With ^{177}Lu-Labeled Trastuzumab, Samira Rasaneh, Hossein Rajabi, Shahram Akhlaghpoor, Shahab Sheybani

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of trastuzumab labeled with lutetium-177 (^{177}Lu) in mice bearing breast tumors. Materials and methods: Trastuzumab was labeled with ^{177}Lu via DOTA as a chelator. In vitro and in vivo quality control tests of incorporated activity, immunoreactivity, stability of ^{177}Lu-trastuzumab, biodistribution, and imaging studies were performed. Therapeutic efficacy and dosimetry studies were carried out in mice with breast tumors. Results: The good in vitro and in vivo quality control results suggested that ^{177}Lu-trastuzumab could be used as a radioimmunotherapy agent. Reductions of 81% and 98% in the mean tumor volume for the …

Cerebral Blood Flow During Single Lung Ventilation, Mehmet Muharrem Erol, Si̇bel Kul, Ayşegül Cansu, Celal Teki̇nbaş, Engi̇n Ertürk, Murat Topbaş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Our aim was to show the effect of one-lung ventilation (OLV) on cerebral blood flow (CBF) by measuring carotid blood flow. This technique has been the subject of experimental and clinical studies. Materials and methods: Carotid doppler flows were measured at 4 different times. Peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) were measured and pulsatility index (PI) and resistive index (RI) calculated. Results: There were no significant changes in PSV, PI, RI, or flow volume in the normal or diseased sides at repeated measures (P > 0.05).There was no significant difference between the flow velocities, PIs, RIs, or flow …

Copy Number Variation Signature To Predict Human Ancestry, Melissa Pronold, Marzieh Vali, Roger Pique-Regi, Shahab Asgharzadeh

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Copy number variations (CNVs) are genomic structural variants that are found in healthy populations and have been observed to be associated with disease susceptibility. Existing methods for CNV detection are often performed on a sample-by-sample basis, which is not ideal for large datasets where common CNVs must be estimated by comparing the frequency of CNVs in the individual samples. Here we describe a simple and novel approach to locate genome-wide CNVs common to a specific population, using human ancestry as the phenotype.

Results

We utilized our previously published Genome Alteration Detection Analysis (GADA) algorithm to identify common ancestry …

Genetic Studies Of Complex Human Diseases: Characterizing Snp-Disease Associations Using Bayesian Networks, Bing Han, Xue-Wen Chen, Zohreh Talebizadeh, Hua Xu

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Detecting epistatic interactions plays a significant role in improving pathogenesis, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of complex human diseases. Applying machine learning or statistical methods to epistatic interaction detection will encounter some common problems, e.g., very limited number of samples, an extremely high search space, a large number of false positives, and ways to measure the association between disease markers and the phenotype.

Results

To address the problems of computational methods in epistatic interaction detection, we propose a score-based Bayesian network structure learning method, EpiBN, to detect epistatic interactions. We apply the proposed method to both simulated datasets and …

The Epigenetic Regulation Of Cubilin And The Physiological Role Of This Receptor In Maintaining The Homeostasis Of Serum Albumin And Hdl, Sayed Obaidullah Aseem

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Cubilin is an endocytic receptor capable of mediating the endocytosis of multiple ligands including High Density Lipoprotein apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-1) and albumin. It is highly expressed on the epithelium of intestinal villi and renal proximal tubules. In the kidney, endocytosis mediated by cubilin and its co-receptor megalin is the principal mechanism for proximal tubule reabsorption of filtered proteins, such as albumin and apoA-1. Yet, the consequences of cubilin deficiency on the blood levels of albumin and apoA-1 have not been studied. Furthermore, cubilin is downregulated in chronic diseases such as diabetes. However, little is known about the regulation of cubilin …

Sterol Lipid Metabolism In Down Syndrome Revisited: Down Syndrome Is Associated With A Selective Reduction In Serum Brassicasterol Levels, Gavin Tansley, Daniel T. Holmes, Dieter Lütjohann, Elizabeth Head, Cheryl L. Wellington

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Over the past 15 years, insights into sterol metabolism have improved our understanding of the relationship between lipids and common conditions such as atherosclerosis and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). A better understanding of sterol lipid metabolism in individuals with Down Syndrome (DS) may help elucidate how this population's unique metabolic characteristics influence their risks for atherosclerosis and AD. To revisit the question of whether sterol lipid parameters may be altered in DS subjects, we performed a pilot study to assess traditional serum sterol lipids and lipoproteins, as well as markers of sterol biosynthesis, metabolites, and plant sterols in 20 subjects with …

Novel Mechanism Leading To Mismatch Repair Deficiency And Mutator Phenotype, Janice Ortega Rodríguez

Theses and Dissertations--Toxicology and Cancer Biology

DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is a critical genome-maintenance system. It ensures genome stability by correcting mismatches generated during DNA replication, suppressing homologous recombination, and inducing apoptosis in response to severe DNA damage. As a result, defects in MMR lead to genome-wide mutations and susceptibility to both hereditary and sporadic cancer syndromes. The hallmark of cancer cells defective in MMR is their ability to display frequent instability in simple repetitive DNA sequences, a phenomenon called microsatellite instability (MSI). However, only ~70% of the MSI-positive tumors have identifiable MMR gene mutations, indicating that additional factor(s) are responsible for the MSI phenotype in …

Sigmoid Volvulus In Pregnancy, Sabri̇ Selçuk Atamanalp, Gürkan Öztürk

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To review the clinical outcomes of 9 patients with sigmoid volvulus (SV), a rare complication during pregnancy. Materials and methods: The clinical records of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. Results: The age range of the patients was 24-39 years (mean: 30.6 years). All patients were multiparous, and 6 patients (66.7%) were in the third trimester when diagnosed with SV. The main clinical features were abdominal pain/tenderness, obstipation, and distention in all patients (100.0%). The correct diagnosis was achieved based on clinical examination in 66.7% of the cases. Endoscopic detorsion was attempted in 6 patients (66.7%), with an 83.3% success rate. …

Determination Of Changes In The Basal Metabolic Rate And Body Composition Of Patients With Chronic Active And Inactive Hepatitis B Infection Using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis*, Gökhan Unutmaz, Süda Teki̇n Koruk, Cemi̇l Sert

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To examine changes in the basal metabolic rate and body composition of patients with chronic inactive and active hepatitis B (HBV) infection as measured using single frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and to investigate the convenience of this method for follow-up with these patients. Materials and methods: Twenty patients with chronic inactive HBV infection, 22 with chronic active HBV infection, and 43 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Using single frequency BIA and basal metabolic rate (BMR), the resistance and body composition of all participants were measured. Results: A total of 85 subjects (31 female and 54 male) with …

Mean Platelet Volume As A Marker Of Future Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Pregnant Women With Impaired Fasting Glucose And Impaired Glucose Tolerance, Nermi̇n Köşüş, Aydin Köşüş, Ni̇lgün Turhan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To compare the mean platelet volume (MPV) of pregnant women with mild glycemic disorders with that of healthy pregnant women to find whether these disorders are risk factors for future cardiovascular disease. Materials and methods: Fasting blood glucose and 50-g oral glucose loading were measured. A 100-g, 3-h oral glucose tolerance test was done when plasma glucose was ≥140 mg/dL, following a loading test. According to the test results, 4 groups were formed: control, impaired fasting glucose, false positive loading test, and impaired glucose tolerance. The hematologic parameters were compared in all of the groups. Results: The mean MPV of …

Discrimination Of Beta-Thalassemia Minor And Iron Deficiency Anemia By Screening Test For Red Blood Cell Indices, Aziz Batebi, Abolghasem Pourreza, Reza Esmailian

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To assess the state of iron deficiency anemia and thalassemia minor among couples intending to marry at the Molla Hadi Sabzevari Health Clinic in Isfahan, Iran. Materials and methods: Couples who intend to marry have to undergo these tests as part of a compulsory countrywide program. In this study, the red blood cell (RBC) indices among the study population were measured with an electronic cell counter (Sysmex K800). The survey involved the measurement of 2 RBC indices, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and the results were compared with the England and Fraser, Shine and Lal, and …

Clinical Appearance Of Brucellosis In Adults: Fourteen Years Of Experience, Behi̇ce Kurtaran, Aslihan Candevi̇r, Ayşe Seza İnal, Süheyla Kömür, Özay Akyildiz, Neşe Saltoğlu, Hasan Sali̇h Zeki̇ Aksu, Yeşi̇m Taşova

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To indicate the clinical course and results of brucellosis in our region during the recent years, and to compare these findings to the literature. Materials and methods: This study was based on a review of the medical records of adult patients older than 14 years who were followed with the diagnosis of brucellosis from March 1997 to October 2010. Results: Included in this analysis were 317 patients, including 136 males (43%), with an average age of 40 ± 17 years. In 66 patients (21%), reproduction of Brucella was identified in the blood. Of the patients, 61% were identified as having …

The Effects Of Experimentally Induced Intraabdominal Hypertension On Adrenal Glands, İlyas Başkonuş, Ahmet Abdulhali̇k Balik, Göktürk Maralcan, Fati̇h Göksel Seçki̇n, Ersi̇n Borazan, Meti̇n Karakök, Yasemi̇n Baltaci, Cahi̇t Bağci

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: To investigate the effects of intraabdominal hypertension (IAH) on adrenal glands. Materials and methods: Forty male Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups: the control group, sham control group, and 2 study groups. In the study groups, the animals were subjected to IAH of up to 20-25 mmHg for 3 h. At the end of the study, blood samples were collected for cortisol analysis and adrenal gland samples were extracted via laparatomy for histopathological examination. Results: Cortisol levels were decreased compared to the control group (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences demonstrated among the other groups (P > 0.05). Upon examination of the adrenal gland, no pathological alterations were found …

Oral Findings In Children With Celiac Disease, Vi̇ldan Erteki̇n, Muhammed Aki̇f Sümbüllü, Mahya Sultan Tosun, Mukadder Ayşe Seli̇moğlu, Mustafa Kara, Ni̇hat Kiliç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: To investigate whether Turkish children with celiac disease (CD) show dental enamel defects (DEDs), recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), teeth missing, and xerostomia, and to compare the results with age- and sex-matched healthy children. Materials and methods: The oral cavity was explored in 81 patients with CD (mean age 8.7 ± 3.7 years; age range 2.5 to 17 years) and in 20 healthy controls. Enamel defects, teeth missing, RAS, and xerostomia were established. Results: Forty-three (53.1%) celiac patients and 5 (25%) control subjects had enamel defects. Enamel defects occurred more frequently in patients (P = 0.025) compared to controls. Regarding …

The Effects Of The Cobra Perilaryngeal Airway On Intraocular Pressure, Lale Karabiyik, Sema Öncül, Gökçen Emmez

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Aim: To compare the effects of the Cobra perilaryngeal airway on intraocular pressure with the effects of the classic laryngeal mask and endotracheal intubation. Materials and methods: Forty-five ASA I or II patients were randomly allocated into 3 equal groups. Endotracheal intubation (EI group), the classic laryngeal mask airway (cLMA group), and the Cobra perilaryngeal airway (Cobra PLA group) were applied to the groups. Heart rate and systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures were recorded. Intraocular pressure was measured with an applanation tonometer before and during the 15 min after application. Results: Heart rate and systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial …

Improving Electrocardiogram Interpreting Skills Among Primary Care Physicians In Turkey, Turan Set, Zekeri̇ya Aktürk, Mutlu Büyüklü, Zeli̇ha Cansever, Ümmü Zeynep Avşar, Ümi̇t Avşar, Memet Işik, Hami̇t Acemoğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the improvement in electrocardiogram (ECG) interpreting skills after a standardized ECG interpreting program as a continuous medical education activity among primary care physicians. Materials and methods: The study was conducted in Turkey between December 2006 and October 2010. Out of the 81 provinces in Turkey, 17 were randomly selected and all physicians were invited to take the course on a voluntary basis and in total 798 physicians agreed to participate. The course was a half-day program. A test was applied to the participants before and after the training. The results of 781 participants were analyzed. Results: Of the …

Comparison Of Two Different Right-Sided Double-Lumen Tubes With Different Designs, Hi̇lal Sazak, Uğur Göktaş, Ali̇ Alagöz, Çi̇lsem Sevgen Demi̇rbaş, Özlem Güven, Eser Şavkilioğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To compare usage of 2 right-sided double-lumen tubes (RDLTs) with different designs in thoracic anesthesia. Although the left-sided double-lumen tube (DLT) is preferred, the RDLT is necessary in some circumstances. Materials and methods: A total of 40 patients undergoing left thoracotomy were divided into 2 groups receiving a Rüsch or Sheridan RDLT. The position of the RDLT was verified by clinical evaluation. It was also checked by fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB). When malposition was detected, it was corrected using the FOB. The correct installation time of the RDLT, frequency of bronchoscopy, and left lung collapse time were recorded. Results: According to …

Caudal Epidural Block For Elderly Patients Who Have Limited Cardiac Reserve, Emi̇ne Arzu Köse, Ali̇ye Öztürk, Gülnaz Ateş, Alparslan Apan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The choice of anesthetic technique based on its advantages and disadvantages in elderly patients will inevitably be influenced by the patient's comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, stroke, renal insufficiency, and pulmonary disease. The patient's underlying cardiac conditions, although apparently stable at present, may become manifest during perioperative stresses. Caudal epidural block should be taken into consideration as a safe and effective anesthetic technique for the elderly patients who have limited cardiac reserve and comorbidities. Six patients with low ejection fraction and poor functional status due to ischemic cardiac disease scheduled for surgery under caudal epidural block are presented.

Effects Of Cigarette Smoking On Male Fertility, Farkhunda Nadeem, Amin Fahim, Saira Bugti

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

This study was done to compare the various semen parameters of infertile male smokers with nonsmokers and also draw comparisons among light, moderate, and heavy smokers. Materials and methods: A total of 130 infertile male patients were included in this study from the outpatient department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Hyderabad, from January 2010 to May 2010. The subjects were infertile males married for more than 1 year, and they were selected randomly. The subjects were thoroughly interviewed and were selected according to inclusion criteria. History about cigarette smoking and its duration was …

A Diet Enriched In Stearic Acid Protects Against The Progression Of Type 2 Diabetes In Leptin Receptor Deficient Mice (Db/Db), Valerie Lynn Reeves

Theses and Dissertations--Physiology

Dietary saturated fat intake contributes to diabetes and cardiovascular disease, as shown in numerous animal and human studies. However, the hypothesis that stearic acid, a saturated fat, has beneficial effects on these conditions has not been adequately tested. Leptin receptor deficient mice (db/db) and wild-type mice were fed either chow or a high fat diet enriched in either stearic acid or oleic acid for ten weeks. The progression of diabetes was evaluated with blood glucose, insulin, and metabolic parameter measurements. At the conclusion of the study, pancreatic islet organization was examined, and blood, liver and feces were assayed for fatty …

Advancing Our Understanding Of The Inheritance And Transmission Of Pectus Excavatum, Lisa Horth, Michael W. Stacey, Virginia K. Proud, Kara Segna, Chelsea Rutherford, Donald Nuss, Robert E. Kelly

Bioelectrics Publications

Pectus excavatum is the most common congenital chest wall abnormality expressed in children, yet its inheritance is poorly understood. Here we present the first comprehensive assessment of the inheritance of this disorder. After evaluating 48 pedigrees and 56 clinical traits of probands and family members, we find strong evidence of autosomal recessive, genetic control for this disorder. Additionally there is likely more than one pectus disease-associated allele, as well as a relatively large number of disease allele carriers in the human population. Some clinical traits appear important and may serve as reliable indicators for predicting the likelihood of pectus excavatum …

A Proposal To Test The Effects Of Factor Ecat1 On Pluripotency, From Reprogramming To Differentiation Of Human Somatic Cells, Vritti R. Goel

CMC Senior Theses

The field of stem cell research has been growing more because of the interest in using stem cells to cure diseases and heal injuries. Human embryonic stem cells, because of the controversy surrounding them—and subsequently the difficulties in acquiring samples of the existing aging cell lines—can only be used in limited capacities. While the development of induced pluripotent stem cells in the last decade has allowed the field to progress closer to medical treatments, the low efficiency of reprogramming a somatic cell to a pluripotent state, and the vast molecular and genomic differences between human embryonic stem cells and human …

Laboratory Criteria For Severe Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever : Letter To The Editor, Mesut Ortatatli, Serdar Ümi̇t Sarici

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.