Digital Commons Network^™

Dasatinib Resensitizes Braf/Mek Inhibitor Efficacy In Patient-Derived Xenografts From Patients With Progression On Braf/Mek Inhibitor Treatment, Vito W Rebecca, Min Xiao, Andrew Kossenkov, Tetiana Godok, Gregory Schuyler Brown, Dylan Fingerman, Gretchen M Alicea, Meihan Wei, Hongkai Ji, Marie Portuallo, Jeremy Bravo, Vissy Elad, Yeqing Chen, Eneda Toska, Mitchell E Fane, Kasey L Couts, Jessie Villanueva, Katherine Nathanson, Keerthana M Arun, Govind Warrier, Xiangfan Yin, Jianyi Ding, Qin Liu, Yogesh Goyal, Y N Vashisht Gopal, Michael A Davies, Meenhard Herlyn

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Although BRAF/MEK inhibitor (BRAFi/MEKi) therapy initially shows high efficacy in patients with BRAFV600 E/K cutaneous melanoma, resistance develops in over 75% of cases. We tested robustness of the umbrella trial strategy in this population by analyzing relationships between genomic status of a gene and associated downstream consequences at the protein level. The results revealed weak relationships among mutations, copy-number amplification, and protein expression and activation. An in vivo compound repurposing screen using 11 clinically relevant agents from an NCI-portfolio with pan-RTK, non-RTK, and/or PI3K-mTOR specificity identified dasatinib as most capable of restoring sensitivity to BRAFi/MEKi in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) …

External Validation Of The Proliferation Saturation Index Model In Predicting Tumour Volume Regression In Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Undergoing Radiation Therapy, Sarah Barrett, Mohammad Zahid, Conor K Mcgarry, Heiko Enderling, Gerard M Walls, Laure Marignol

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The Proliferation Saturation Index (PSI) model is a patient-specific mathematical model designed to simulate and predict tumour volume regression (TVR) during radiation therapy (RT) using early treatment response dynamics. This study validates the PSI model in an independent external cohort of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using previously derived model parameters.

Methods: In a cohort of 71 patients, treated with definitive RT alone (55Gy/20#) tumour volume measurements extracted from 6 Cone Beam CT (CBCT) scans acquired on days 1, 2 and 3 and weekly thereafter. Model predictions of TVR at final CBCT (CBCT6) were made using tumour …

Hp1Β Recruits Ring1a To Ubiquitinate Histone H2a For Brca1-Mediated Resection Of Double-Stand Breaks, Vijaya Charaka, Raj K Pandita, Chi-Lin Tsai, Xiaoyan Wang, Sharmista Chakraborty, Kenneth S Ramos, Sandhik Nandi, Fransisca Leonard, Vipin Singh, Partha S Sarkar, Clayton R Hunt, John A Tainer, Chandrima Das, Tej K Pandita

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Efficient DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair by homologous recombination (HR), as initiated by BRCA1 recruitment orchestrated by histone and non-histone proteins, is critical to genome stability, replication, transcription, and cancer avoidance. Here we reveal Heterochromatin Protein1 beta (HP1β) promotes BRCA1 enrichment at DNA DSB sites in gene-rich regions, and this is impaired by HP1β depletion. We find that HP1β is specifically enriched at DSBs within gene-rich regions via its Chromo Shadow Domain (CSD) that interacts with both Chromatin Assembly Factor 1 and the RING1A ubiquitinase component of Polycomb Repressor Complex 1. The resulting protein complex facilitates BRCA1 recruitment by promoting …

Nci9673 (Part B): Etctn Randomized Phase Ii Study Of Nivolumab With Or Without Ipilimumab In Refractory, Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma Of The Anal Canal, Van K Morris, Kristen K Ciombor, Lianchun Xiao, Joshua K Ochieng, Enrica Marmonti, Blase Polite, Benjamin A Weinberg, John C Krauss, John Hays, Sarbajit Mukherjee, Olivia Aranha, Syma Iqbal, Tony Shields, Al B Benson, Syed Kazmi, Christopher Lieu, Howard Hochster, Jennifer Whisenant, Cara Haymaker, Cathy Eng

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: In the previously completed NCI9673 (part A) single-arm study, the antiprogrammed death (PD)-ligand-1 antibody nivolumab demonstrated efficacy for patients with metastatic anal cancer. In NCI9673 (Part B), we evaluated the anticytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) antibody ipilimumab in combination with nivolumab for patients with incurable anal cancer.

Methods: In this phase II NCI ETCTN trial, 100 patients with refractory, incurable anal cancer were randomly assigned to receive nivolumab (480 mg IV once every 4 weeks) alone or with ipilimumab (1 mg/kg IV once every 8 weeks). The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints included radiographic response, …

Addressing Population Aging: Innovative Approaches To Aging Research In China, Jingyi Li, Jinghui Lei, Qun Chu, Weiqi Zhang, Moshi Song, Yaojin Peng, Guanghui Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The increasing prevalence of aging and associated diseases poses a substantial challenge worldwide. In recent years, the field of aging research has achieved numerous breakthroughs. Nevertheless, challenges still persist. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of the advancements within China’s aging research, highlighting current challenges and proposing strategy and policy recommendations. These suggestions draw from various areas, including research paradigms and key issues, efficient resource management, development of essential technological research and innovation ecosystems, international collaboration, and considerations of ethics and governance. The aim is to provide valuable insights and guidance for enhancing the quality and impact of aging research …

Cerebral Documents And Algorithmic Sensemaking: Searching For Expressions In Human And Artificial Cognitive Collaborations, Rebekah L. Cowell

Proceedings from the Document Academy

Generative Artificial Intelligences (AIs) and current advanced large language models (LLMs) are algorithmically designed to generate text-based conversations as conversational agents (CAs), by replicating human language and conversational communication. Pairing human cognition with generative computationally coded cognition. We have never been here before: cerebral and artificial information collaborations and processing producing expressions that may or may not become visible as second-hand/secondary source documents.

Sensemaking or sense(un)making is a unique autonomous human drive cognitively, our information processing is sensemaking in action and expressions and articulations are evidence of the sensemaking cycle. Documentation [expressed or articulated through various mediums] are a product …

Conditioned Feed Aversion As A Means Of Conditioning Livestock To Avoid Consuming Toxic Plants Growing In South Africa : An Overview, Leendert D. Snyman, Frederick D. Provenza

Poisonous Plant Research (PPR)

Significant economic losses to the livestock industry are caused by the ingestion of toxic plants in South Africa, among which the most dangerous ones are Moraea pallida (geeltulp), Urginea/Drimea sanguinea (rooislangkop), Senecio latifolius (Staggers Ragwort), and Geigeria ornativa (vermeerbos). Conditioned feed aversion is a potential means to address this issue. Treating animals with an aversive substance along with an extract of the sensory characteristics of a specific plant conditions animals to avoid the plant. Geigeria ornativa, unlike the other three plants, is non-aversive. Following treatment for aversion, the induced aversion fades with time and eventually breaks down. Continuous exposure …

Partial Mitochondrial Genome Of The Enigmatic Bermuda Fireworm Odontosyllis Enopla Verrill, 1900 (Annelida, Syllidae, Eusyllinae) And Its Phylogenetic Implications, Lynette D. Wyant, Brendan A. Cruz, Aydanni D. Gonzalez, Joshua M. Kovalcik, Maria A. Carolus, Lauren C. Hutto, Hope Chutjian, Jude C. Roman, Anneau Cappelmann, John J. Ankney, Aidan Popp, James B. Wood, D. Tye Pettay, Mercer R. Brugler

Natural Sciences Faculty Publications

The Bermuda fireworm, Odontosyllis enopla Verrill, 1900, is a marine polychaete that displays a unique bioluminescent mating ritual. Despite the first sighting of O. enopla more than 534 years ago, molecular data have been limited. Several syllid mitogenomes are currently available; however, there are only three published genes for O. enopla: two partial mitochondrial genes (16S [508 bp] and cox1 [653 bp]; 1,161 bp total) and one partial nuclear gene (18S [1,339 bp]). This study bioinformatically mined previously published transcriptomes of O. enopla for mitochondrial reads and subsequently assembled and annotated a partial mitochondrial genome (10,172 bp). The partial mitogenome …

A Case Study Of Suspected Sheep Losses Due To Chokecherry Not Death Camas, Kevin D. Welch, Clint A. Stonecipher, Stephen T. Lee, Daniel Cook, Benedict T. Green

Poisonous Plant Research (PPR)

Death camas (Zigadenus paniculatus) is a toxic plant often associated with poisoning cases in livestock, especially in sheep, in the spring on mountain foothills. Consequently, when sheep are found dead in mountain foothills, and death camas is present, it is often implicated as the potential cause of death. However, this may be over simplistic as there may be other plants that may also contribute to, or are the cause of, death in sheep. In this study, we present a case of approximately 200 sheep out of a band of 400 that died within 24 hours of beginning to …

Crispr Spacers Reveal Diverse And Abundant Thermococcales Viruses In Hydrothermal Vents, Ryan Catchpole, Justin Mclean, Emily St John, Anna-Louise Reysenbach, Mart Krupovic, Michael P. Terns

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Viruses are the most pervasive biological entities on Earth and they profoundly shape host ecology and evolution. However, for many microbial lineages, knowledge of their viromes remains limited, especially for those inhabiting remote environments, including deep-sea ecosystems. Here, we leverage one of the most extensively cultivated and genomically characterized archaeal lineages, the Thermococcales, to identify novel viral genomes. By utilizing CRISPR spacers from isolates and spacer arrays reconstructed from metagenomes, we mined mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in 1,172 publicly available and newly sequenced hydrothermal vent metagenomic datasets. Comparative genomics and identification of viral hallmark proteins revealed 620 viral genomes across …

Adipocyte-Specific Deletion Of Sine Oculis Homeobox Homolog 1 Inhibits Lipolysis And Reduces Skin Fibrosis, Nancy Wareing, Tingting W Mills, Scott Collum, Minghua Wu, Lucy Revercomb, René Girard, Hui Liu, Alexes Daquinag, Mikhail Kolonin, Marka Lyons, Brian Skaug, Weizhen Bi, Meer A Ali, Haniyeh Koochak, Anthony R Flores, Yuntao Yang, W Jim Zheng, William R Swindell, Shervin Assassi, Harry Karmouty-Quintana

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Dermal fibrosis is a cardinal feature of systemic sclerosis (SSc) for which there are limited Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by dermal fibrosis accompanied by loss of dermal white adipose tissue (DWAT), yet the mechanisms linking adipocyte depletion to fibroblast activation remain unclear. Here we identify the transcription factor SIX1 as a central regulator coupling adipogenic repression with profibrotic signaling. SIX1 expression was increased in skin biopsies from two independent SSc cohorts and localized to fibroblast and perivascular stromal cells. In mice, ubiquitous or adipocyte-specific deletion of Six1 preserved DWAT, reduced collagen accumulation, and selectively decreased pro-fibrotic mediators. In cultured …

Cml-Like Biology Is A Unifying Feature Of Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms With Tyrosine Kinase Fusions In Lymphoid Blast Phase Comment On: Multilineage Involvement In Abl-Class Fusion-Positive Pediatric B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Cml-Like Biology, Wei J Wang, Shimin Hu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Sex-Specific Differences In Mediobasal Hypothalamus In Response To Nutritional States, Jonathan C Bean, Jinjing Jian, Tzu-Chiao Lu, Hailan Liu, Kristine Conde, Darah A Threat, Sanika V Jossy, Megan E Burt, Jingjing Cheng, Yue Deng, Xing Fang, Xiaoyu Geng, Junying Han, Yongxiang Li, Hesong Liu, Qingzhuo Liu, Yutian Liu, Yuhan Shi, Longlong Tu, Mengjie Wang, Xu Xu, Yuxue Yang, Meng Yu, Xinming Liu, Meixin Sun, Fuhui Wang, Olivia Z Ginnard, Yongjie Yang, Yang He, Chunmei Wang, Yanyan Qi, Hongjie Li, Yong Xu

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

The arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus plays a central role in sensing and integrating nutritional, hormonal, and neural signals that regulate feeding, energy homeostasis, growth, and reproduction, all of which show pronounced sex differences. However, the cellular mechanisms underlying these responses remain poorly understood. We performed snRNA-seq of the mediobasal hypothalamus, focusing on the arcuate nucleus, in female and male mice under different nutritional states. Analysis of 42 cell types revealed that Agrp neurons were most sensitive to nutritional changes, dopaminergic neurons showed strong sex-specific differences, and KNDy neurons were highly responsive to both sex and nutrition. Pomc neurons displayed …

Determinasi Minimum Dietary Diversity Pada Anak Usia 6-23 Bulan: Analisis Survei Kesehatan Indonesia 2023, Elfys Ferdynan, Besral Besral

Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, dan Informatika Kesehatan

Keragaman pangan minimum atau minimum dietary diversity (MDD) merupakan indikator penting kualitas konsumsi pangan anak usia 6-23 bulan. Pemenuhan MDD berperan dalam mendukung pertumbuhan optimal dan pencegahan malnutrisi, termasuk stunting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemenuhan MDD pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah data Survei Kesehatan Indonesia 2023 dengan desain potong lintang. Subjek penelitian adalah 17.991 anak usia 6-23 bulan. Analisis yang dilakukan menggunakan regresi logistik biner dengan penyesuaian desain complex samples. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang meningkatkan peluang pemenuhan MDD secara signifikan meliputi usia anak 12-23 bulan, …

Food Councils And Federal Committees: Community Responses To Inaction On Food Insecurity By Government, Kevin O'Connell, Liam R. Rupprecht

Binghamton University Undergraduate Journal

Food insecurity is a devastating force in the United States, as shown by its destructive impact on vulnerable groups like children, racial minorities, and those in poverty. Non-white urban communities of color especially have significantly higher rates of household food insecurity due to systemic racism in American food systems. Despite the prevalence of these factors, they are consistently overlooked by public and private forces. Federal efforts have failed to resolve the issue, leaving it to local “food council” organizations that attempt to help through advocacy and charity. These groups face a difficult task: how can they work to mitigate food …

Anti-Apoptotic Bcl-2 Binds To All Three Ip3r Isoforms, Thereby Limiting The Ca2+-Flux Properties Of Ip3r Homo-Tetramers, Ian De Ridder, Claire Cauwelier, Larry E Wagner Ii, Jens Loncke, Vikas Arige, Irina I Serysheva, David I Yule, Geert Bultynck

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) controls inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R)-mediated Ca²+ signalling. As cells typically express all three IP3R isoforms in variable abundances that assemble in hetero-tetrameric channels, the specific effects of BCL-2 on each isoform remain unclear. Here, we employed a reductionist approach using HEK293 cells triple-IP3R knockout reconstituted with a single IP3R isoform to elucidate the impact of BCL-2 on Ca2+ signalling by homo-tetrameric IP3R channels. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that BCL-2 interacts with each IP3R isoform. Live-cell Ca²+ imaging revealed that BCL-2 overexpression suppresses Ca²+ signals evoked by any of the three IP3R isoforms. Moreover, BCL-2 overexpression impaired …

Protecting ‘Punks’: The Shortcomings Of The Prison Rape Elimination Act, Rachel Goldsmith

Binghamton University Undergraduate Journal

Prisoner-on-prisoner sexual abuse is widespread in US male prisons, with inmates “turning each other out” by sexually assaulting each other. While the Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) received unanimous support in Congress in 2003, motivated by the Human Rights Watch Report “No Escape: Male Rape in Prisons,” scholars argue that the PREA fails to protect prisoners from prison rape: for example, its standards may be ineffective or criminalize consensual sex between prisoners. This essay will examine the shortcomings of the PREA, drawing on current legal scholarship, and propose solutions to enhance the law's effectiveness in protecting prisoners. The US government …

Utah's Value-Added Food Processing Options, Karin E. Allen, Kynda R. Curtis, Makaylie Langford

All Current Publications

This fact sheet provides an overview of the benefits of producing and marketing value-added foods and outlines key considerations for new ventures. It also details the two primary programs available to smaller-scale processing in Utah—the Cottage Food Program and the Homemade Food Act—assisting producers in evaluating their products, markets, and resources to choose the best path forward.

Recent Advances In The Pharmacological Properties Of Scutellarin: Mechanistic Insights And Therapeutic Potential, Hind A. Satar, Emad Yousif, Ahmed Ahmed, Muna Bufaroosha

AUIQ Complementary Biological System

Scutellarin, a flavonoid glycoside primarily derived from Scutellaria baicalensis, has garnered increasing scientific interest for its multifaceted pharmacological properties. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of scutellarin's therapeutic effects, including its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, cardioprotective and anticancer activities. Emphasis is placed on elucidating its molecular mechanisms of action, such as modulation of the NF-κB, Nrf2, and PI3K/Akt pathways, and its role in regulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Additionally, we discuss formulation innovations, including nanoparticle and liposomal delivery systems, aimed at overcoming scutellarin's poor oral bioavailability and enhancing therapeutic performance. Key limitations in current research …

International Society Of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Effects Of Dietary Antioxidants On Exercise And Sports Performance, Drew E. Gonzalez, Broderick L. Dickerson, Brandon M. Roberts, Jennifer A. Kurtz, Adam M. Gonzalez, Matthew J. Mcallister, Jeffrey L. Heileson, Richard J. Bloomer, Shawn M. Arent, Darren G. Candow, Jeffrey R. Stout, Karen A. Hecht, Bill Campbell, Chad M. Kerksick, Douglas Kalman, Jose Antoino, Richard B. Kreider

Faculty Publications

Following a comprehensive review, the International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) has developed an official position on the role of dietary antioxidants in exercise and sport. Antioxidants play a complex, context-dependent role in vivo; they can facilitate recovery from exercise but may also hinder training adaptations when consumed at supraphysiological doses. While endogenous antioxidant systems can effectively maintain redox balance, dietary sources, particularly whole foods, can help mitigate excessive oxidative stress following intense/heavy training or inadequate recovery. The influence of dietary antioxidants depend on timing, dosage, type, and individual factors. The ISSN’s official position encompasses the following: (1) Redox balance …

Susceptibility Profile And Multiple Antibiotics Resistance Of Escherichia Coli, Klebsiella Spp., And Enterococci From Small-Scale Cattle Farms In Tennessee, Goodness Olakanmi, Maureen Nzomo, Bharat Pokharel, Abdullah Mafiz, Agnes Kilonzo-Nthenge

Food and Animal Sciences Faculty Research

Antimicrobial resistance in food–animal environments threatens sustainable production and public health, yet small farms remain poorly characterized as potential reservoirs of antimicrobial resistant bacteria. To address this, we investigated the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and Enterococcus spp. from small-scale cattle farms in Tennessee, USA. Methods: Over one year, 153 environmental samples (soil, manure, water) were collected from 17 farms. Target bacteria were isolated and confirmed using selective agar, biochemical tests, and PCR, and tested against 12 antibiotics using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion test. Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Index (MARI) and multidrug resistance (MDR) profiles …

Ns5-Targeting Nucleoside Analogs Inhibit Dengue Virus And Other Flaviviruses, Priyanka Bhakt, Swechha Pokharel, Yue Li, Tamanna Srivastava, Jesse Miller, Mark Dittmar, Yongqing Zhu, David Nguyen, Zachary Walter, Kasirajan Ayyanathan, Matthew Tudor, Chenguang Yu, Arnab Chatterjee, Holly Ramage, David Schultz, Sara Cherry

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-transmitted flavivirus that circulates globally as four distinct serotypes and poses a substantial threat to public health. There are an estimated ~96 million symptomatic infections yearly, including severe cases of dengue fever, underscoring the urgency of identifying effective therapeutics targeting all four serotypes. Nucleoside analogs, which mimic endogenous nucleosides to inhibit viral RNA replication, offer a promising strategy for broad-spectrum antiviral development. Here, we conducted a high-throughput screen of 1,101 nucleoside analogs against DENV serotype 2 (DENV2) in a panel of human cell models, including human epithelial cells, hepatocytes, and fibroblasts. Candidates that were active …

Tumor Microenvironment Transcriptional Activity Enables Robust Stratification Of Chemotherapy Response In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Yaoyi Dai, Xiaoxi Pan, Shuai Guo, Shuangxi Ji, Shaolong Cao, Matthew D Montierth, Yujie Jiang, Jeffrey T Chang, Leming Shi, Shabnam Shalapour, Gloria V Echeverria, Lucy Yates, Johan Staaf, Bora Lim, Yinyin Yuan, Wenyi Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) exhibits heterogeneous treatment responses, yet molecular subtypes based on predefined biological pathways show limited prognostic value. We introduce tumor-specific total mRNA expression (TmS), a pathway-agnostic deconvolution metric derived from matched RNA/DNA sequencing, as a robust stratification tool. Analyzing 575 TNBC patients across Western and East Asian populations, TmS outperforms established subtypes in predicting chemotherapy outcomes, stratifying patients into high TmS with favorable prognosis and low TmS with poor prognosis. Stromal enrichment with immune exclusion emerges as a universal feature of chemotherapy-resistant low-TmS tumors across all cohorts. Population-specific features distinguish Asian cohorts: high-TmS tumors exhibit cell cycle-driven …

Syndecan-1-Targeted Therapeutic Antibody Impairs Macropinocytosis And Elicits Antitumor Immunity In Pancreatic Cancer, Zecheng Yang, Madelaine S Theardy, Shuaitong Chen, Yongkun Wei, Mitsunobu Takeda, Yue Zeng, Xiaofei Wang, Jun Yao, Jennifer Li, Prapassorn Thirasastr, Jangho Park, Yangxi Zheng, Long T Vien, Khalida M Wani, Huamin Wang, Sisi Gao, Tim Heffernan, Lawrence Kwong, Ignacio I Wistuba, Laura Bover, Giulio F Draetta, Haoqiang Ying, Wantong Yao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the deadliest malignancies, with a 5-year survival rate of just 13%. While the development and early clinical use of small molecules targeting oncogenic KRAS mutations, key drivers of PDAC, have shown promise, resistance to these targeted therapies remains a significant challenge. We recently identified Syndecan-1 (SDC1), a highly expressed heparan sulfate proteoglycan, as a critical KRAS effector protein that promotes nutrient salvage and tumor growth. Here, we report the development of a human-specific monoclonal antibody (anti-SDC1 mAb) that inhibits PDAC cell proliferation in vitro and suppresses PDAC tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, …

Using Preliminary Consumer Insight To Enhance The Perceived Quality Of A New Apple Cultivar (Malus Domestica Borkh. Cv. Anabp 01) With A View To Maximizing Crop Utilisation, Kristen Kennison, Steele Jacob, Karyn Reeves, Kevin Lacey, Dario Stefanelli

Horticulture Research Articles

The visual appearance of a new apple cultivar is of foremost importance for consumer attraction and fruit purchase. A new Australian apple (“ANABP 01”) has a unique burgundy colored skin which can range from red to dark burgundy during fruit maturation. This study investigates consumer likability and purchase of “ANABP 01” apples with similar eating quality characteristics with four different skin colors being Red, Light Burgundy (LB), Burgundy (B) and Dark Burgundy (DB). During testing, panelists liked all classes of apple colors, giving high scores for their visual, textural and flavor characteristics. Panelists rated the color of B and DB …

On-Orbit Correction Of Ecostress Radiances By Comparison With Iasi Hyperspectral Sounders, David S. Wethey, Sarah A. Woodin, Jorge Vazquez-Cuervo

Faculty Publications

Radiance data from ECOSTRESS (ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station), which is the first of a planned virtual constellation of wide-swath ultra-high-resolution thermal satellites, were used to test the concept of on-orbit cross-calibration based on the Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System (GSICS) with the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) as the reference. Validation of the results was performed using comparisons of corrected ECOSTRESS radiances with strictly independent data from IASI and the Cross-Track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) and with RTTOV radiative transfer simulations of clear-sky observations in iQuam (the NOAA in situ sea surface temperature quality monitor database). ECOSTRESS has …

Sting-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Opening Combined With Radiotherapy Potentiates Antitumor Response In A High-Grade Glioma Model, Shashwat Tripathi, Hinda Najem, Lisa Hurley, Ruochen Du, Crismita Dmello, Heba Ali, Kathleen Mccortney, Karl J Habashy, Peng Zhang, Craig M Horbinski, Lara Leoni, Ryan J Avery, Rimas V Lukas, Timothy L Sita, David R Raleigh, Sean Sachdev, Roger Stupp, Maciej S Lesniak, David M Ashley, Daniele Procissi, Michael A Curran, Irina Balyasnikova, Amy B Heimberger

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Radiation therapy (RT) is the standard of care for glioblastoma but is not curative. Triggering the cGAS/stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway with potent agonists, such as 8803, exerts activity across high-grade glioma preclinical models. To determine if the combination of 8803 with RT warrants consideration in the up-front treatment setting and to clarify the underlying mechanisms of therapeutic activity, C57BL/6J mice harboring intracerebral CT-2A or QPP8v gliomas were treated with RT, intratumoral 8803, or both. The treatment with the combination resulted in 80% long-term survival in the CT-2A model but not in the radiation-resistant QPP8v model. This therapeutic effect …

Mutant Kras In Brain Endothelial Cells Promotes Vascular Inflammation And Impairs Vascular Integrity In Brain Arteriovenous Malformation, Jung-Eun Park, Bridger H Freeman, Hyejin Park, Sehee Kim, Adrian E Bafor, Ohnmar Myint, Song Gao, Zhen Xu, Jakob Körbelin, Jaroslaw Aronowski, Peng Roc Chen, Eunhee Kim, Eun S Park

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Somatic KRAS (KRASG12V) mutation in endothelial cells (EC) induces brain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM) that could lead to vascular instability and ultimately bleeding. However, the causes of bAVM instability remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that KRASG12V expressing cultured ECs (KRAS-G12V-EC) have increased expression of pro-inflammatory mediators and reduced expression of blood-brain-barrier (BBB) junction constituents. The conditioned medium from KRAS-G12V-EC can activate BV2-microglia (BV2-MG) and conditioned media from this primed BV2-MG can compromise the expression of EC-junction constituents when added to wild-type ECs. In an in vitro BBB model, KRAS-G12V-EC form a dysfunctional EC barrier that is further disrupted, leading to lower …

Molecular Detection Of Genes Encoded For Biofilm Formation In Bacteria Isolated From The Oral Cavity Of Patients, Tebarek Al-Taei, Ali A. Al-Hisnawi

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Background: A biofilm is a collection of the microbial cells attached to the surface that are encased in a matrix of extracellular polymers. Biofilm formation creates a physical and chemical barrier that prevents antibiotics from reaching bacterial cells, resulting in treatment failure and reinfection. The present study aimed to investigate the biofilm formation in bacteria isolated from the oral cavity of patients.

Methods: In this study, 150 bacterial isolates were obtained from tooth and gum surface swabs of male and female patients of different ages who visited specialized centers and dental clinics in Babylon City after they were clinically diagnosed …

Prediction Of Thyroid Disease Based On Machine Learning Algorithms, Tuqa Ahmed Elbillihy, Eman Abdelhalim, Mohamed Ashour, Hala B. Nafea

Mansoura Engineering Journal

Accurately diagnosing thyroid disease remains a challenge in medicine, necessitating the use of reliable computational techniques for early detection and categorization. Using a dataset of 3164 patient records, this study applies machine learning algorithms to create a computer-aided thyroid disease diagnosis system. The data set includes demographic information, clinical indicators, and thyroid function test results. To improve model performance, the study focuses on preprocessing approaches such as data cleaning, normalization, and feature selection. The use of feature engineering techniques to determine the most predictive characteristics associated with thyroid problems is highlighted. Five machine learning classifiers—Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector …