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Stage-Specific Action Of Juvenile Hormone Analogs, Ramaseshadri Parthasarathy, Subba Reddy Palli

Entomology Faculty Publications

The discovery of juvenile hormones (JH) and their synthetic analogs (JHA) generated excitement and hope that these compounds will replace first- and second-generation insecticides that have not so desirable environmental and human safety profiles. However, JHAs used commercially during the past four decades did not meet these expectations. The recent availability of advanced molecular and histological methods and the discovery of key players involved in JH action provided some insights into the functioning of JHA in a stage and species-specific manner. In this review, we will summarize recent findings and stage-specific action of JHA, focusing on three commercially used JHA, …

Potential Of Fungi Isolated From Diesel Contaminated Soil To Degrade Diesel, Oluwafemi Oyewole, Ramat Raji, Suzan Okeke, Gift Chukwuma, Japhet Yakubu

Tanzania Journal of Science

Diesel is a complex mixture and a common pollutant, consisting mainly of aliphatic hydrocarbons ranging from C9 to C23 and a number of aromatic compounds. The main purpose of this study was to isolate fungi from diesel contaminated soil for biodegradation of diesel contaminated soil. Two fungal species (Aspergillus flavus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) were isolated from a diesel contaminated site using cultural and biochemical characterisation. The isolates were screened for their ability to utilize diesel as carbon source. The biodegradation rate of the fungi isolated was measured by determining the optical density using spectrophotometry. The fungal isolates were further tested …

Isolation And Quantification Of Flavonoids From Kigelia Africana (Lam.) Benth Fruit And Bark And Their Antiradical And Antibacterial Activities, Pamhidzai Dzomba, George Mhini

Tanzania Journal of Science

Kigelia africana is an evergreen deciduous tree used in Zimbabwe folklore medicine for wound and diabetes ulcers healing. This paper reports the isolation and quantification of flavonoids from stem barks and fruits of K. africana as well as their antibacterial and antiradical activities. Flavonoids in ethanol and ethyl-acetate extracts were quantified using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and were found to be 213.490 ± 0.001 mg/L and 36.614 ± 0.001 mg/L, respectively per quercetin equivalent. The preparative and analytical thin layer chromatography was used to profile the flavonoids from fruits and barks using ethyl-acetate and petroleum ether (3:7 v/v) mobile solvent systems. Ethanol …

Antibacterial Activities Of Hyphaene Thebaica (Doum Palm) Fruit Extracts Against Intestinal Microflora And Potential Constipation Associated Pathogens In Yola Metropolis, Nigeria, Joel Ewansiha, Chidimma Ugo, Damaris Kolawole, Lilian Orji

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study aimed at determining the antibacterial activities of Hyphaene thebaica fruit extracts against some intestinal constipation associated bacteria. Qualitative analysis of some phytochemical constituents, agar well diffusion and broth dilution methods were used to determine the zones of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the plant extracts. Phytochemical components viz flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, tannins, phenols, alkaloids, glycosides and steroids were detected in the plant extracts, and the test organisms were susceptible to the plant extracts. The diameter zone of inhibition (DZI) obtained with n-hexane extract ranged from 15.10 ± 0.51 mm to 2.0 ± 0.55 mm against K. …

Forest Structure And Climate Change Mitigation Potential: A Case Of Wilolesi And Ikonongo Forested Hills In Iringa Municipality, Tanzania, Evarist Fundisha, Hamidu Seki, Anasia Saria

Tanzania Journal of Science

Vegetation plays major roles in carbon storage and ecosystem functioning by modifying the rate of carbon fluxes thereby mitigating climate change. However, the focus of assessing the potentials for different vegetation on climate change mitigation has for so long been conducted outside cities, towns and municipalities. This study was conducted in Wilolesi and Ikonongo hills located in Iringa as representative of the Municipality forested hills in Tanzania to assess vegetation structure and their potential for climate change mitigation. Random sampling technique was employed to establish 20 rectangular plots of 20 m x 40 m (0.08 ha) in each hill to …

Effects Of Drying, Packaging Conditions And Storage Time On Proximate Composition Of Chia Seeds (Salvia Hispanica), Ashura Katunzi-Kilewela, Leonard Rweyemamu, Oscar Kibazohi, Lilian Kaale

Tanzania Journal of Science

The effects of drying, packaging conditions and storage time on proximate composition of chia seeds were investigated. Chia seeds were dried at 63 °C for 30 min (low-temperature long time–LTLT) and at 75 °C for 30 s (high-temperature short time-HTST) using dry oven, air/vacuum-packed and stored for ten weeks. The effect of heat processing (drying) on chia seeds had significant difference (p < 0.05) in ash, fiber and fat contents while there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in moisture and protein contents. Except for fiber content, there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in moisture, ash, fat and protein of chia seeds dried at LTLT and HTST before storage. During storage time, there was …

Effects Of Plant Species Diversity And Biomass On Grazing Patch Selection By Semi Free-Ranging Cattle, Samora Andrew

Tanzania Journal of Science

Studies examining forage selection by large herbivores have generally focused on single herbivore-plant relationships and few studies link plant species diversity with large herbivore feeding preferences, particularly in species-rich ecosystems. A study was therefore conducted to examine how herbaceous plant biomass, species richness, diversity and evenness, together with elevation and distances to houses, agricultural fields and cattle holding-pen areas (kraals), predict cattle grazing intensity at small (0.5 x 0.5 m) and large (20 x 50 m) patches by semi free-ranging indigenous cattle in Kilombero Valley Floodplain wetland Tanzania. Results showed that cattle grazed patches with high species richness and intermediate …

Physicochemical And Sensory Evaluation Of Mixed Juices From Banana, Pineapple And Passion Fruits During Storage, Victor Matabura, Oscar Kibazohi

Tanzania Journal of Science

Juices from fresh fruits offer various health benefits, including strengthening the immune system and preventing diseases. Mixed fruit juices tend to have good nutritional contents and organoleptic properties like colour, flavour, taste, and overall appeal of different fruits. This work investigated the physicochemical and sensory attributes of fruit juice of low viscosity banana juice blended with pineapple and passion juices. The prepared juices were pasteurised at 92 °C for 15 s, bottled in air-tight glass bottles, and subsequently stored in two different conditions: an ambient temperature of approximately 28 ± 2 °C and a fridge at 4 ºC for one …

Corrosion Inhibition Of Mild Steel In Seawater By 2,4,6-Triamino-3-Pentadecylphenyl Acetate Derived From Cashew Nut Shell Liquid, Emanuel Ricky, Esther Lugwisha, Joseph Philip

Tanzania Journal of Science

The corrosion inhibition performance of 2,4,6-triamino-3-pentadecylphenyl acetate on mild steel in seawater at stationary condition, 30 °C and pH 8 was investigated using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The maximum inhibition efficiency of 93% was found in the presence of 300 ppm of 2,4,6-triamino-3-pentadecylphenyl acetate for both potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The potentiodynamic polarization curves show that 2,4,6-triamino-3-pentadecylphenyl acetate acts as a mixed type inhibitor which influences more the anodic processes. The Nyquist plots revealed that the polarization resistance (Rp) increases whereas the double-layer capacitance (Cdl) and corrosion current density (icorr) decrease as the concentrations of …

Wastewater Clarification And Microbial Load Reduction Using Agro-Forestry And Agricultural Wastes, Joel Njewa, Ephraim Vunain, Timothy Biswick

Tanzania Journal of Science

Five agro-wastes, namely: cassava peels, Irish potato peels, Jatropha curcas seeds, Moringa oleifera seeds and rice husks were investigated as plant-based coagulants for turbidity and microbial load removal from sewage wastewater. Moringa oleifera and Jatropha curcas seeds before usage were defatted with 95% ethanol and the active coagulating component was extracted with 1.0 M NaCl. For the other three agro-wastes, their ashes were evaluated for turbidity and microbial load removal. The ash was prepared through pyrolysis of the raw biomass at a temperature of 800 °C for 3 h. The effect of pH, coagulant dose, settling time on turbidity reduction …

Characterization, Antimicrobial And Toxicity Studies Of Silver Nanoparticles Using Opuntia Ficus Indica Leaves Extracts From Effurun, Delta State, Christiana Ogwuche, Harrison Moses

Tanzania Journal of Science

The silver nanoparticles were synthesized by reacting silver nitrate, a metal precursor with the extract obtained from the leaves of Opuntia ficus indica, which acts as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Formation of silver nanoparticles was indicated by colour change from light yellow to dark brown which was confirmed by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy showing surface plasmon band at 369 nm resulting from relatively small amount of reductive biomolecules for the silver ion reduction. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis gave the morphology of the nanoparticles and showed that the silver particles were of spherical shape. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer presented …

Cellulase-Producing Bacteria Isolated From Mufindi Paper Mill Industrial Effluent, Iringa Tanzania, Erick Sinza, Aneth Mwakilili, Cyprian Mpinda, Sylvester Lyantagaye

Tanzania Journal of Science

Effluent and effluent-contaminated soil samples collected from Mufindi Paper Mill Limited, Iringa Tanzania were investigated for the presence of cellulolytic bacteria. The components of cellulase are endoglucanase, exoglucanase and β-glucosidase and these are very important for complete hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose monomers. Isolates were grown on nutrient agar and screened for cellulolytic activity on carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) agar plates using Gram’s iodine solution. Cellulases activities; endoglucanase, exoglucanase and β-glucosidase were assayed using CMC, avicel and cellobiose substrates, respectively by dinitrosalicyclic acid method. Out of 17 cellulolytic isolates obtained, crude enzyme extracts of only five isolates expressed all cellulases activities, the …

Acetylcholinesterase Activity And Oxidative Stress Biomarkers In Fiddler Crabs (Austruca Occidentalis) Along The Coastal Mangrove Areas Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, James Lugata, Flora Stephano, Harishchandra Pratap

Tanzania Journal of Science

The aquatic organisms such as crustaceans serve as bioindicators of the environmental stressors which affect the aquatic ecosystems. The present study assessed environmental health status through fiddler crabs (Austruca occidentalis) towards oxidative stress biomarkers and AChE activity in mangroves with different levels of salinity and environmental contamination. Fiddler crabs were collected from Mtoni Kijichi, Kunduchi and Mbweni, which experience different levels of contamination from high to low along the Dar es Salaam coastline. Malondialdehyde the biomarker of oxidative stress was analysed by lipid peroxidation (LPO) assay and AChE activity was tested using Ellman assay in the crab tissues (muscles, hepatopancreas …

Effects Of Time On Ph, Total Bacteria Counts, And Total Hydrocarbon Contents In The Bioremediation Of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil Using Indigenous Bio-Stimulants, Ita Uwidia, Osalodion Uwidia

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of time on pH, total bacteria counts, and total hydrocarbon contents in the bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil using pig waste and sawdust as bio-stimulants. Dried soil samples (500 g each) were weighed each into seven different plastic bowls, and each bowl was contaminated with 10 g of crude oil. Six of the contaminated soil samples in six of the plastic bowls were amended with a combination of pig waste and sawdust as bio-stimulants in the ratio of 1:1 in amounts of 150 g, 125 g, 100 g, 75 g, 50 …

Analysis Of Repeated Milk Yields And Composition Traits By Mixed Models For Crossbred Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows, Ewonetu Senbeta, Kefelegn Kefenie, Adane Abebe

Tanzania Journal of Science

This study evaluated the effects of milking month, milking time, and lactation stage on milk yield and composition traits of crossbred dairy cows. Twelve crossbred Holstein Friesian cows with the same parity were purposefully selected and categorized into three groups; each consisting of four. All cows were individually managed for 120 days. Milk yield record was done every day for the morning and evening time whereas milk samples were taken every fifteen-day intervals. Data collected were analysed by PROC MIXED procedure of SAS 9.4. The “morning milkings” in all milking months showed the highest variations for “milk yield” whereas the …

Effectiveness Of Common Household Washing Of Tomatoes On The Removal Of Pesticide Residues, John Mahugija, Flaviana Ngabala, Faustin Ngassapa

Tanzania Journal of Science

The effectiveness of common household washing processes of tomatoes on the removal of pesticide residues was investigated in Iringa, Tanzania. Analyses of cleaned-up extracts were carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Nine pesticide residues were detected in unwashed and washed samples. The compounds detected were chlorothalonil, pirimiphos-methyl, chlorpyrifos, profenofos, endosulfan sulphate, endosulfan ether, lambda cyhalothrin, cypermethrin and metalaxyl. The concentrations of chlorothalonil, pirimiphos-methyl, chlorpyrifos, profenofos, cypermethrin and lambda cyhalothrin in some unwashed and washed samples exceeded the maximum residue limits (MRLs). Washing reduced the concentrations of chlorothalonil and endosulfan sulphate in tomatoes by 22.2–98.0% (mean = 70%) and 33.3–55.6% …

Floristic Studies On Herbaceous And Grass Species Growing In The University Of Lagos, Nigeria, George Nodza, Ruth Anthony, Temitope Onuminya, Oluwatoyin Ogundipe

Tanzania Journal of Science

Rapid loss in flora diversity, changing patterns of vegetation and land use patterns in the University of Lagos Akoka campus has necessitated investigation on the herb and grass species so as to determine their compositions, structures and diversity within the area. Twenty sampling plots of 10m x 10m each were studied in five selected locations using random sampling. The samples were counted and identified using Flora of West Tropical Africa. A total of 75 taxa (herbs = 53 spp and grasses = 22 spp) belonging to 26 families and 64 genera were recorded in the area. Of all the families, …

Geometric Morphometric Comparison Of Abu Mullet, Planiliza Abu (Heckel, 1843) Populations In Bushehr Basin, Iran: Fatemeh Shabaninejad, Yazdan Keivany, Dara Bagheri, Fatemeh Shabaninejad, Yazdan Keivany, Dara Bagheri

Tanzania Journal of Science

Many fish behavior and habitats could be defined based on the fish morphology, thus, using the fish body shape, in addition  to its genetic characteristics, could be used to infer the type of fish habitat and its characteristics. This study aimed to compare the body shapes of five populations of abu mullet, Planiliza abu (Heckel, 1843), in Bushehr basin using geometric morphometric method. Some 162 specimens from Hendijan, Genaveh, Helleh, Kaki and Mond rivers were used. Three morphometric characters, total length (TL), fork length (FL) and standard length (SL) were measured. Samples were photographed from the left side, then 18 …

High Prevalence Of Pre-Existing Serological Cross-Reactivity Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (Sars-Cov-2) In Sub-Saharan Africa, For Yue Tso, Salum J. Lidenge, Phoebe B. Peña, Ashley A. Clegg, John R. Ngowi, Julius Mwaiselage, Owen Ngalamika, Peter Julius, John T. West, Charles Wood

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Objective: Significant morbidity and mortality have occurred in the USA, Europe, and Asia due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), whereas the numbers of infections and deaths in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have remained comparatively low. It has been hypothesized that exposure of the population in SSA to other coronaviruses prior to the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in some degree of cross-protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenesis. We evaluated this hypothesis by comparing SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive antibodies in pre-pandemic plasma samples collected from SSA and the USA.

Method: Pre-COVID-19 pandemic plasma samples from SSA and the USA were collected and tested by …

Local People’S Perceptions Of Benefits And Costs Of Protected Areas: The Case Of Tarangire National Park And The Surrounding Ecosystem, Northern Tanzania, Felix J. Mkonyi

Journal of Ecological Anthropology

A

A better understanding of the benefits and costs of conservation to people living adjacent to protected areas is fundamental to balancing their conservation goals and needs. This study, based in the Tarangire-Simanjiro ecosystem, explored the costs, benefits and attitudes of local people living adjacent to Tarangire National Park in northern Tanzania. In-depth interviews were conducted with 30 respondents which were randomly selected from the ‘population’ of 300 respondents used previously for the main survey. Results indicate mixed responses towards protected areas. The majority of respondents held positive attitudes toward the park (56.7%) and park staff (63.3%) but had negative …

Comparative Biogeography And The Evolution Of Population Structure For Bottlenose And Common Dolphins In The Indian Ocean, Howard W.I. Gray, Ing Chen, André E. Moura, Ada Natoli, Shin Nishida, Shinsuke Tanabe, Gianna Minton, Louisa S. Ponnampalam, Muhammad S. Kiani, Ross Culloch, Mauvis Gore, Anna Särnblad, Omar Amir, Per Berggren, Tim Collins, Andrew J. Willson, Robert Baldwin, A. Rus Hoelzel

All Works

Aim: In the marine environment, where there are few physical boundaries to gene flow, there is often nevertheless intraspecific diversity with consequences for effective conservation and management. Here, we compare two closely related dolphin species with a shared distribution in the Indian Ocean (IO) to better understand the biogeographic drivers of their population structure. Location: Global oceans and seas with a focus on the Indian Ocean. Taxon: Tursiops sp. and Delphinus sp. Methods: Bayesian, ordination, assignment, statistical and phylogenetic analyses to assess phylogeography, connectivity and population structure using microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA genetic markers. Results: Both Tursiops sp. and Delphinus …

High Prevalence Of Pre-Existing Serological Cross-Reactivity Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (Sars- Cov-2) In Sub-Saharan Africa, For Yue Tso, Salum Lidenge, Phoebe B. Peña, Ashley A. Clegg, John R. Ngowi, Julius Mwaiselage, Owen Ngalamika, Peter Julius, John T. West, Charles Wood

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Objective: Significant morbidity and mortality have occurred in the USA, Europe, and Asia due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), whereas the numbers of infections and deaths in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have remained comparatively low. It has been hypothesized that exposure of the population in SSA to other coronaviruses prior to the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in some degree of cross-protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenesis. We evaluated this hypothesis by comparing SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive antibodies in pre-pandemic plasma samples collected from SSA and the USA.

Method: Pre-COVID-19 pandemic plasma samples from SSA and the USA were collected and tested by …

The Intersection Between Black Hair And The Environment: Hair As A Site For Environmental Justice And Sustainability, Dafina Matiku

Scripps Senior Theses

Currently, we are facing several global crises that include but are not limited to climate change, food insecurity, pollution of the body and environment, as well as racial, gender, and class inequities. This thesis seeks to understand how the natural hair movement, which strives to omit toxic chemicals while embracing textured hair, can be a tool of reconnecting to nature. As humans we are intrinsically part of ecosystems and nature, we must find our niche in it instead of occupying and destroying our environment entirely. The methodology includes compiling a small array of experiences that show the nuance of hair …

Journal Of Education, Humanities And Sciences, Volume 9 No. 2, 2020: 107–113 © Dar Es Salaam University College Of Education (Duce), 2020 Fatty Acids Composition Of Adansonia Digitata (Baobab) Seed Oil From Tanzania, James T. Zacharia

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Samples of baobab fruits from which oils were extracted were collected from Sandawi and Chamwino villages in Dodoma region, Tanzania. The oil was extracted from the kernel powders using n-hexane and the extracts were derivatized to fatty acid methyl esters, and then subjected to GC and GC-MS analyses for fatty acids content. The physiochemical properties of the oil indicated that baobab seed oil is suitable for soap-making and other cosmetics. The combined GC and GC-MS results showed the existence of eight fatty acids, namely: palmitic acid (22.02%), palmitoleic acid (1.87%), tariric acid (7.08%), elaidic acid (41.29%), oleic acid (35.72%), linoleic …

Effect Of Meteorological Elements On The Dynamics Of Bacillary And Amoebic Dysentery Disease: A Mathematical Approach, Furaha M. Chuma, Rigobert C. Ngeleja, Triphonia Ngailo

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Bacillary dysentery, commonly known as shigellosis, is a potentially perilous and extremely contagious bacterial infection of the colon caused by—but not limited to—bacteria shigella, bacillus, E. coli, Yersinia, and the parasite amoeba. This paper formulates and analyses a mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of dysentery epidemic that incorporate the effects of weather variations. It examines the stability of equilibria and compute the basic reproduction number that is coupled with the time-periodic model, and establishes results on the threshold dynamics. In the non-autonomous case, it investigates the disease extinction and uniform persistence. Results suggest that the dynamics of bacillary dysentery …

Assessment Of Heavy Metals In Bottom Ashes From Medical Waste Incinerators And Their Associated Health Risks In Dar Es Salaam, Julius Mbuna, Samwel V. Manyele, Josephat Saria, Honest Anicetus

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Bottom ashes originating from medical waste incineration contain heavy metals capable of causing adverse effects to human beings and the environment. The main goal of this study is to establish levels of heavy metals in bottom ashes from medical waste incinerators to build a basis for the development of sustainable, safe, and efficient methods for healthcare waste management. The study assessed the level of heavy metals in the bottom ashes of thermally treated medical waste from six health care facilities in Dar es Salaam city, Tanzania. Heavy metal concentrations were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). …

Bifurcation Analysis Of Newcastle Disease Eco-Epidemiological Model In The Presence Of Vaccination: A Case Of The Backyard Chicken, Furaha M. Chuma, Gasper G. Mwanga

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Journal of Education, Humanities and Sciences, Volume 9 No. 2, 2020: 42–59 © Dar es Salaam University College of Education (DUCE), 2020 Bifurcation Analysis of Newcastle Disease Eco-epidemiological Model in the Presence of Vaccination: A Case of the Backyard Chicken Furaha M. Chuma Dar es Salaam University College of Education University of Dar es Salaam [email protected] Gasper G. Mwanga Dar es Salaam University College of Education University of Dar es Salaam [email protected] Abstract Newcastle is an infectious disease caused by the avian paramyxomovirus-1. It occurs most frequently as a disease of Avians (e.g., chicken, ducks, pigeons, guinea fowls and other …

Comparison Of Centrifugation And Solid Phase Extraction (Spe) Methods Of Sample Preparations In Determination Of Residues Of Drugs Of Abuse In Urine, John Mahugija, Anastazia Wandwi, Kessy Kilulya

Tanzania Journal of Science

Detection of drugs of abuse in urine samples depends on their composition, absorption, distribution, physical and chemical properties, concentrations, elimination properties, and the techniques employed. This study compared the performance of centrifugation and solid phase extraction (SPE) methods in the determination of levels of drugs of abuse and their metabolites in urine samples collected from drug abusers. Analysis was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). Calibration was done using both internal and external standards. The recovery values were generally greater in centrifugation method than in SPE method, but the recoveries in both methods were within an acceptable range. Linearity …

Antibacterial And Anti-Hiv-1 Reverse Transcriptase Activities Of Selected Medicinal Plants And Their Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, Rose J. Masalu, Sai Ngassa, Grace A. Kinunda, Cyprian B. Mpinda

Tanzania Journal of Science

Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and associated opportunistic infections are still global health concerns. Traditional medicines have been used for managing these infections, with little about their biological activities being known. This study evaluated antimicrobial and anti-HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase (RT) activities of medicinal plants; Harungana madagascariensis, Sapium ellipticum, Pseudospondias microcarpa, Capparis erythrocarpos, and Plectranthus barbatus; and activities of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous extracts of H.  madagascariensis. Results revealed that aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts of H. madagascariensis, S. ellipticum, P. microcarpa; and ethyl acetate extracts from P. barbatus exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging …

Detection Of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Escherichia Coli From Urinary Tract Infection In General Hospital, Minna, Nasiru U. Adabara, Naimat D. Bakinde, Sherifat O. Enejiyon, Tijani Salami, Doosuur Iorzua

Tanzania Journal of Science

Possession of virulence factors such as extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) by pathogens generally exacerbates morbidity as well as increases healthcare costs. This study determined the production of ESBL among Escherichia coli isolated from the urinary tracts of subjects attending General Hospital, Minna, Nigeria. One hundred and fifty (150) urine samples were collected from subjects and cultured on CLED agar for the isolation of E. coli. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method, while the phenotypic identification of ESBL-producing strains was carried out using double disk synergy test. All results were interpreted based on Clinical and …