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Two Year Comparison Of The Winter Food Habits Of Mink (Mustela Vison) From Deltaic Northeast Arkansas, Ronald A. Smith, V. Rick Mcdaniel

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Regurgutated Short-Eared Owl (Asio Flammeus) Pellets From The Roth Prairie, Arkansas County Arkansas, Ronald A. Smith, Earl L. Hanebrink

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of A Protein Sparing Modified Fast On Insulin And Glucagon Levels, Elizabeth Anne Shirley

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

A total of 18 obese men and women volunteered and participated in a seven-day protein sparing modified fast providing 400 calories per day. The subjects were concurrently participating in an eight-week weight control program combining the facets of nutrition education, group therapy, and values clarification. The modified fast, which was optional, was conducted during two different time periods with a conventional low calorie diet prescribed during the four-week interval.

The diet formula consisted of a high biological value protein, dried egg white, and either glucose or corn starch as the carbohydrate source. The composition of the diets varied as follows: …

An Evaluation Of Nutrient Sources To Onslow Bay, North Carolina, Larry P. Atkinson, Leonard J. Pietrafesa, Eileen E. Hofmann

CCPO Publications

Hydrographic and current meter data from Onslow Bay, North Carolina, were examined to determine the relative importance of various nutrient sources.

Upwelled Gulf Stream water is the major source of nutrients while rivers represent a minor, if not insignificant, source. In the summer during stratified conditions, the upwelled water penetrates across the shelf, but in the winter the upwelled water is restricted to the outer shelf. Nitrate flux across the 40 m isobath was calculated from continuous temperature and current records. Flux during the summer of 1976 was 2 μM m² sec^-1 which is considerably less than flux …

A Comparative Analysis Of Potential Nitrification And Nitrate Mobility In Forest Ecosystems, Peter M. Vitousek, James R. Gosz, Charles C. Grier, Jerry M. Melillo, William A. Reiners

Dartmouth Scholarship

Mobilization in a wide range of forest ecosystems were investigated through a combination of field and laboratory experiments.Trenched plot experiments were performed in 17 forests, and laboratory incubation studies of potential ammonium and nitrate production were made on soils from 14ofthese sites.

Temporal And Phenomenological Aspects Of Social Behavior In Captive Wolves (Canis Lupus L.), Paul C. Paquet

Dissertations and Theses

Although cooperative behavior is generally acknowledged to occur among wolves, there is a lack of systematically collected data confirming the extent of development. The objectives of this study were to collect long-term, detailed observations documenting the role of social structure, seasonal influences, and individual participation in wolf pack cooperative activities. Individual cooperative strategies were associated with age, sex, and social positions and critically compared with results of similar studies. Emphasis was placed on quantifying group and dyadic relationships, focusing on reproductive strategies and dominance structure. Additional data were collected on denning behavior, maternal care behavior, scent marking, and spontaneous individual …

Optimal Foraging: Some Simple Stochastic Models., D.W. Stephens, Eric Charnov

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

Some simple stochastic models of optimal foraging are considered. Firstly, mathematical renewal theory is used to make a general model of the combined processes of search, encounter, capture and handling. In the case where patches or prey items are encountered according to a Poisson process, the limiting probability distribution of energy gain is found. This distribution is found to be normal and its mean and variance are specified. This result supports the use of Hollings disc equation to specify the rate of energy intake in foraging models. Secondly, a model based on minimization of the probability of death due to …

Alternative Life-Histories In Protogynous Fishes: A General Evolutionary Theory, Eric Charnov

Biology Faculty & Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Physiology Of Salt Excretion In The Mangrove Avicennia Marina (Forsk.) Vierh, Philippa M. Drennan

Biology Faculty Works

Diurnal and long‐term excretion by leaves of Avicennia marina seedlings growing in aqueous culture was correlated with substrate salinity and transpiration. Excretion was greater in 100% than 50% seawater but the reverse was true for transpiration. The diurnal excretion pattern, with exudation minimal during the day and maximal during the night, showed a negative correlation with the daily transpiration pattern. The total amount of salt excreted, however, showed a positive correlation with the total amount of water transpired. Root and xylem sap salinities were linearly related to substrate salinity but leaf Na+ increased to a maximum, indicating that control of …

Grain Legume Agronomy Programme., G. H. Walton

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

Lupin agronomy, Series l - Growth factor interactions. 82GE18, 82GE19, 82N038, 82N18, 82MA13. Lupin agronomy, Series 2 - Harvest index response to density 82GE20, 82M24. Lupin agronomy, nutrition, 82GE21, 82MA14, 82M017. Erregulla lupin rotation plots, 81M027, 81M029, 81M030. Grain legumes for wheatbelt rotations, 81GE6,81TS3, 81ME3, 81M05, 81MO14. Grain legume species trials, 81E30, 82NA31, 82JE23, 82E26, 82LG28. Low rainfall, medium soils pH 5.5 to 7.0, 82ME41, 82ES35, 82ES36, 82TS25, 82ME39. Sites that failed, 82GE23, 82ME40, 82JE18. Field pea agronomy, 82LG27, 82LG26. Oat/lupin mixtures for grain feed 82Bu9, 82Bu10, 82AL34. Oat/pea mixtures for hay, 82PE21, 82KA37. Fababean nodulation, 82MD16, 82MN25.

A Bibliography Of Varietal Resistance To The Rice Gall Midge, Orseolia Oryzae (Wood-Mason), P. K. Pathak, E. A. Heinrichs

Department of Entomology: Faculty Publications

This bibliography contains 330 published and unpublished references for the period 1881-1981. References are arranged alphabetically by author and are also classified by country and by subjects (mass rearing, screening, evaluation and utilization of resistant varieties, breeding for and inheritance of resistance, and biotype variation). Tables list resistant varieties identified, varietal sources used in breeding programs, varieties which have been released for cultivation by farmers and biotype classification.

Resource Management Thrusts And Opportunities: Fish And Wildlife-A Fuller Dimension To Improved Resource Management, John B. Crowell, Jr.

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

It has been a little more than a year since President Reagan was inaugurated, and a little less time than that since I was confirmed and sworn in as assistant secretary of agriculture. We have moved to establish and implement some changed emphases in our resource management programs. So, by now there should be little mistake about our intent to improve natural resource management on the national forests. We intend to increase the productivity of these resources without corresponding increases in federal appropriations. We intend to generate increased receipts to the U.S. Treasury by emphasizing revenue-producing activities such as timber …

Relationships Between Avifauna And Streamside Vegetation, Evelyn L. Bull, Jon M. Skovlin

United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Riparian microhabitats in coniferous forests in northeastern Oregon are sensitive to alteration. They have been used disproportionately by people, livestock, and wildlife. These uses have altered the habitats, specifically by reducing vegetative structure (Thomas 1979).
Land management agencies are revegetating depleted riparian zones to improve fish and wildlife habitat. Managers need information on the response of birds to kinds and structures of vegetation so that wildlife objectives can be met.
Several studies have dealt with the relationships of riparian vegetation and avifauna (Carothers and Johnson 1975, Ferguson et al. 1976, Stauffer 1978). Although these studies determined some of the habitat …

Spatial Learning As An Adaptation In Hummingbirds, Susan Cole, F. Reed Hainsworth, Alan Kamil, Terre Mercier, Larry L. Wolf

Avian Cognition Papers

An ecological approach based on food distribution suggests that hummingbirds should more easily learn to visit a flower in a new location than to learn to return to a flower in a position just visited, for a food reward. Experimental results support this hypothesis as well as the general view that differences in learning within and among species represent adaptations.

Distribution Ecology: Variation In Plant Recruitment Over A Gradient In Relation To Insect Seed Predation, Svata M. Louda

Svata M. Louda Publications

Although predispersal seed predation by insects is common, no test exists of its effect on plant recruitment. This study examines seed predation in the population dynamics of a native, temperate shrub, Haplopappus squarrosus H. and A. (Asteraceae), over an elevational gradient in the coastal sage scrub vegetation of San Diego County, California, USA. Frequency and abundance of H. squarrosus increase from coast to mountains. Expected abundance, based on flowers initiated, was highest at the coast and lowest in the interior, the opposite of the observed adult plant distribution. Overall flower and seed predation by insects was high (44-73%) and was …

Teton Wildlife: Observations By A Naturalist, Paul A. Johnsgard

Papers in Ornithology

The diversity of wildlife in Grand Teton National Park and its environs draws millions to the valley of Jackson Hole every year, but few are the visitors who are able to observe individual species over the course of several seasons. Paul Johnsgard, a noted naturalist who has written many books on the waterfowl of the world, here integrates his own observations with those who have studied Teton wildlife in the past. The result is a compassionate, simple reconstruction of the lives of a few individuals from spring through early autumn.

Teton Wildlife describes the migration of a herd of antelope …

The Multi-Individual Cremation Phenomenon Of The Santa Cruz Drainage, Karl J. Reinhard, T Michael Fink

Karl Reinhard Publications

Multi-individual cremation deposits found in the upper Santa Cruz River drainage were previously interpreted as the result of hypothesized cultural contact in the area. A review of 50 cremation deposits for which detailed analyses are available indicates that mulii-individual cremation deposits are the result of incomplete gleaning practices and have doubtful cultural significance. Hypotheses are generated from the present data which account for the apparent variation in cremation practices within the study area.

Hysterothylacium Pelagicum Sp. N. And H. Cornutum (Stossich, 1904) (Nematoda: Anisakidae) From Marine Fishes, Thomas L. Deardorff, Robin M. Overstreet

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Hysterothylacium pelagicum sp. n. from the digestive tract of the dolphin, Coryphaena hippurus, is described from the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. It is most similar to H. cornutum, but differs from it by lacking ventral crests on the males and having the vulva located within the anterior 30-40% rather than 18-25% of the female body. Specimens of H. cornutum are reported from Thunnus albacares, a previously unrecorded host, off Hawaii.

Hormonal Interrelationships Between Hypothalamus, Pituitary And Testis Of Rams And Bulls, Bruce D. Schanbacher

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This mini-review aims to summarize some of our recent findings relating to testicular function and feedback control of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis by testicular steroids in rams and bulls. Testosterone secretion in intact males is not tonic, but is characterized by episodic pulses. This pattern of secretion is dictated by inputs of the central nervous system via secretions of the hypothalamus (luteinizing hormone- releasing hormone; LHRH) and anterior pituitary (luteinizing hormone; LH). A temporal relationship exists between concentrations of LH and testosterone in serum and evidence is presented that strongly suggests that their episodic secretion is dependent on discrete episodes of …

Root Development Of Winter Wheat As Related To Tillage Practice In Western Nebraska, Wallace Wilhelm, L. N. Mielke, C. R. Fenster

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Tillage practices can influence crop root development. Root distributions were determined for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in a wheat-fallow rotation during the 1977-1978 winter wheat crop year on an Alliance silt loam (Aridic Argiustoll). The fallow tillage treatments were plow, subtillage, and chemical (no tillage). Each tillage treatment was split into subplots for N application of 0 or 45 kg/ha.

Rooting density was determined by washing the roots in soil cores 7.6 cm in diam by 15 cm long extracted to depths of 90, 105, and 120 cm on 28 Mar., 2 May, and 8 June 1978, respectively. …

Seasonal Movements Of White-Tailed Deer In East-Central Illinois, James E. Chelsvig

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Woody Vegetation At Burgner Acres, East-Central Illinois: Composition And Changes Since 1964, Larry Philip Lehnen Jr.

Masters Theses

A comparative study was undertaken of the changes in woody vegetation of Burgner Acres during the past 18 years. This ten acre woodlot, located in east-central Illinois was surveyed using a method identical to that of a previous study. A literature review describing the composition of three general types of forests in the Grand Prairie Division of Illinois is included.

Twenty-five arborescent species are present on the study site with white ash (Fraxinus americana L.) maintaining its position as first in importance value (I.V. = relative frequency + relative density + relative dominance). Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis L.) has …

Inhibitors Affecting Bacterial Action In Reaerated Activated Sludge, Alice M. Dunn

Masters Theses

Inhibition of reaerated activated sludge was assessed using reduction of dissolved oxygen uptake by the microbial population as a criterion. Oxygen uptake is essential to biodegradation of the organic components in the activated sludge process; therefore, a decrease in dissolved oxygen uptake is an indication of reduced efficiency in wastewater treatment.

The irihibitors tested were cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, silver, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), Terbacil and Zectran. The IIC₅₀, determined by extrapolation of plotted data, for each inhibitor in mg/l was Hg (20), Cu (50), Ag (43), Cd (115), Pb (550), and 2,4-D (430). The IIC₅₀ was determined …

Pheasants In Asia 1982: Proceedings Of The Second International Pheasant Symposium (September 1982 : Srinagar, Kashmir), Keith C. R. Howman, Christopher D. W. Savage, M. W. Ridley

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Conference Proceedings

Chapter 1: Pheasant Conservation in India and Nepal

Conservation of pheasants in India through biosphere reserves, N. D. Jayal

Pheasant conservation in Nepal, BISWA N. UPRETI

The Machhapuchare Wildlife Conservation Project in Nepal, James Roberts

Planning for the management of a Himalayan pheasant reserve, J. A. Forster

The role of mapping in future management and conservation of pheasants, Christopher D. W. Savage

Chapter 2: Population Studies of Himalayan Pheasants

Surveys, census, monitoring and research: Their role in pheasant conservation, A. J . GASTON

Popluation dynamics of the Koklas pheasant (Pucrasia macolopha) in Malkandi Forests, Pakistan, Wazir Mohammad Khan …

The Ecology Of Mutualism, Douglas H. Boucher, Sam James, Kathleen H. Keeler

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Elementary ecology texts tell us that organisms interact in three fundamen­ tal ways, generally given the names competition, predation, and mutualism. The third member has gotten short shrift (264), and even its name is not generally agreed on. Terms that may be considered synonyms, in whole or part, are symbiosis, commensalism, cooperation, protocooperation, mutual aid, facilitation, reciprocal altruism, and entraide. We use the term mutual­ism, defined as "an interaction between species that is beneficial to both," since it has both historical priority (311) and general currency. Symbiosis is "the living together of two organisms in close association," and …

Food Contents Of Six Commercial Fishes From Mississippi Sound, Robin M. Overstreet, Richard W. Heard

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Specific dietary contents from six fishes collected in Mississippi Sound are recorded. In order of their importance, primary components grouped in major taxonomic categories were fishes, penaeid shrimps, and other crustaceans for Cynoscion nebulosus; Crustaceans and fishes for C. arenarius; fishes and crustaceans for C. nothus; crustaceans, pelecypods, and polychaetes for Pogonias cromis; crustaceans, molluscs, polychaetes, and fishes for Archosargus probatocephalus; and fishes and penaeid shrimps for Paralichthys lethostigma. Principal items in the diets of most of the fishes included Anchoa mitchilli, Penaeus aztecus, P. setiferus, and Callinectes sapidus. Those …

The Occurrence Of Lightiella Jones, 1961 (Crustacea: Cephalocarida) In Mobile Bay, Alabama, Richard W. Heard, Gary D. Goeke

Gulf and Caribbean Research

During July 1979, two adult specimens belonging to the cephalocaridan genus Lightiella Jones, 1961 were collected in a box core sample taken at the mouth of Mobile Bay, Alabama. These two specimens were compared to the four described species of Lightiella, and found to be most similar to the northeastern Atlantic species of L. incisa Gooding, 1963 and L. floridana McLaughlin, 1976. Due to a combination of differences in the thoracopodal setation and incisor process of the mandible, the Mobile Bay form cannot at this time be assigned to any of the described species of Lightiella. The two …

Heat Death Of Least Tern Chicks On The Gulfport, Mississippi, Beach In 1980, Gordon Gunter

Gulf and Caribbean Research

The Least Tern is among the smallest of the long-winged flyers and an indescribably ethereal impression emanates from it in flight. Thus great interest was generated when this tern began to nest on the mainland beach of Mississippi Sound about 12 years ago. In 1980, Least Tern chicks died in numbers on the beach and this generated considerable comment and some bombast. An upstate ornithologist announced that poison in the food chain was the cause, but no poison has ever been found in the carcasses of the dead chicks or in the water. The mortality of Least Tern chicks was …

Effects Of Storms On Rice Rats Inhabiting Coastal Marshes, James L. Wolfe

Gulf and Caribbean Research

During 1979, three storms with winds in excess of 73 km/hr and tides up to 1.5 m above normal struck a section of the Mississippi coast where a population study of the rice rat, Oryzomys palustris, was in progress. There were no noticeable effects on population levels, and many individual animals survived the storms.

The Gastropod Thais Haemastoma In Georgia: T. H. Floridana Or T. H. Canaliculata?, Randal L. Walker

Gulf and Caribbean Research

In the southeastern United States, the snail Thais haemastoma has traditionally been subdivided into two subspecies according to the snail‘s locale, size of shell, number and size of spines, and depth of suture. Only Thais haemastoma floridana is supposed to occur in Georgia; since Thais haemastoma canaliculata is supposedly restricted to the Gulf of Mexico region. In Georgia, specimens fitting the description of both subspecies are common. The author concurs with the conclusions of Butler (1953) and Gunter (1979) in that the subspecies nomenclature is invalid and that they are merely ecological variants.