Digital Commons Network^™

Deciding To Build A Greenhouse, Larry Sagers

Archived Gardening Publications

No abstract provided.

Native Plants: The Preservation And Restoration Of Native Plants In Designed Landscapes In Northwest Arkansas, Janet Coleman

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

A decline in Northwest Arkansas's native plant population has occurred over the past 50 years, as documented by the U.S. Forest Service in the Ozark-Ouachita Highlands Assessment. This decline has been caused by increased human development in natural areas and the replacement of native plants with exotic, non-native plants. As a result, a generation has grown up not knowing what an Ozark wake Robin trillium (Trillium pusillum var. ozarkanum) or Blood root (Sanguinaria canadensis) Look like, because these plants are difficult to find in nature, are not commonly grown in designed landscapes, and are Largely unavailable in garden centers. The …

Iowa Academy Of Science Membership Directory, 2002-2003, Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Contents:

Editorial Board, Journal ... 5
Committees ... 6
Sections ... 14
ISTS Regional Directors ... 19
Awards of Merit ... 21
Excellence in Science Teaching Awards ... 22
Past Presidents ... 23
Membership Roster ... 24
Institutional Members ... 24
Corporate Sponsors ... 55

Iowa Academy Of Science 114th Annual Meeting [2002]: Advance Program, Iowa Academy Of Science

Iowa Academy of Science Documents

Contains information about the schedule and presentations for the 2002 annual meeting of the Iowa Academy of Science.

Enhanced Locomotor, Reinforcing, And Neurochemical Effects Of Cocaine In Serotonin 5-Hydroxytryptamine 2c Receptor Mutant Mice, Laura O'Dell

Departmental Papers (Psych)

No abstract provided.

Summary Report On The Bird Friendly Building Program: Effect Of Light Reduction On Collision Of Migratory Birds., Lesley J. Evans Ogden

Fatal Light Awareness Program (FLAP)

Most migratory songbirds are nocturnal migrants, which makes them vulnerable to collision with lighted structures they encounter along their flight path during migration. The Fatal Light Awareness Program (FLAP) was formed by a group of concerned citizens to rescue and relocate disoriented birds trapped in the city centre, and to record the number and species of birds killed due to collision. Following the initiation of the Bird Friendly Building (BFB) Program by FLAP and World Wildlife Fund Canada in 1997, light emissions at 16 buildings in the downtown core of Toronto were also monitored during migration seasons. This report summarizes …

Cognitive Ethology And The Cost Of Anthropomorphiphobia, Robert H.I. Dale

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Book review for the following titles:

Animal Minds: Beyond Cognition to Consciousness. By Donald R. Griffin, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001, 376 pages. $27.50 softcover

The Smile of a Dolphin: Remarkable Accounts of Animal Emotions. Edited by Marc Bekoff, New York: Discovery Books, 2000, 240 pages. $35.00 hardcover

Minds of Their Own: Thinking and Awareness in Animals. By Lesley J. Rogers, Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1998, 224 pages. $19.00 softcover

Stress And Hippocampal Plasticity, Kara Pham

Student Theses and Dissertations

The addition of new neurons continues in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat, and this process has been previously shown to be regulated by adrenal steroid hormones, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activity, psychosocial stress and learning and memory. Repeated restraint stress is known to induce neuroanatomical changes in the hippocampus, such as dendritic remodeling in CA3 neurons and mossy fiber terminal rearrangement, and these alterations are reversible, suggesting that the hippocampal system experiences a certain degree of plasticity in response to stress. This dissertation examines the effects of chronic restraint stress on several parameters of hippocampal plasticity, including dentate gyrus …

Leptin And The Control Of Body Weight And Metabolism: Role For Stearoyl Coa Desaturase-1 And Other Leptin-Regulated Genes In The Liver, Paul Cohen

Student Theses and Dissertations

Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that regulates energy balance, metabolism, and the neuroendocrine response to altered nutrition. Mice lacking leptin (ob/ob) or its receptor (db/db) are massively obese and hyperphagic. They also have increased triglyceride deposits in multiple peripheral organs, including the liver, massively enlarged and steatotic. Leptin elicits a metabolic response that cannot be explained by its anorectic effects alone. This response is characterized by weight loss, depletion of lipid from peripheral tissues, and enhanced insulin sensitivity. The mechanisms underlying these actions were largely unknown. This thesis addressed leptin's metabolic effects on the liver, an organ with a critical …

An Investigation Of The Effects Of A 12-Week Exercise Programme For People With Diabetes, Olive Fanning

Theses

To determine and examine the effects of a 12-week exercise programme for people with diabetes on their blood glucose control, physiological components and psychological well-being.

The purpose of the study was to examine a wide variety of physiological components including assessment of aerobic capacity, body composition, lung, function, flexibility and blood glucose control (HbAlc levels). Psychological well-being was also assessed which includes sub scales for depression, anxiety, energy and positive well being. This had the purpose of identifying exact levels of these variables so as to compare these to the general public norms. It additionally had the benefit of being …

A Comparative Study Of Geometric Rule Learning By Nutcrackers (Nucifraga Columbiana), Pigeons (Columba Livia), And Jackdaws (Corvus Monedula ), Juli E. Jones, Elena Antoniadis, Sara J. Shettleworth, Alan Kamil

Papers in Behavior in Biological Sciences

Three avian species, a seed-caching corvid (Clark’s nutcrackers; Nucifraga columbiana), a non-seed-caching corvid (jackdaws; Corvus monedula), and a non-seed-caching columbid (pigeons; Columba livia), were tested for ability to learn to find a goal halfway between 2 landmarks when distance between the landmarks varied during training. All 3 species learned, but jackdaws took much longer than either pigeons or nutcrackers. The nutcrackers searched more accurately than either pigeons or jackdaws. Both nutcrackers and pigeons showed good transfer to novel landmark arrays in which interlandmark distances were novel, but inconclusive results were obtained from jackdaws. Species differences in this …

Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Ec02-179 Managing Livestock Manure To Protect Environmental Quality, Michael A. Reynolds, Brian L. Benham, Richard B. Ferguson, Christopher G. Henry, Charles A. Shapiro, James P. Stack, Charles S. Wortmann

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This book covers the land application part of manure management. With increasing regulations, the livestock producer needs to understand the scientific principles that affect manure transformations and how to use these principles to manage the manure for maximum fertilizer value with minimal environmental impact. Improved land application of manure is one part of the solution, but we suggest that the producer evaluate the quantity of nutrients arriving on the farm as feed, animals, and fertilizer compared to the total that is exported. Achieving a nutrient balance will reduce potential environmental hazards often associated with animal agriculture.

Peer Nutrition Education: A Model For Nutrition Education Among Spanish-Language Participants Of The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program For Women, Infants And Children (Wic), Maximino Alfredo Mejía

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Despite the steady improvement in the health status of Americans, Hispanics are a minority in the United States with greater prevalence of several infectious and chronic diseases and less health knowledge than the average citizen. Nearly half of the Hispanics living in this country die of preventable nutrition-related conditions, with heart disease and cancer being the leading causes. Since this minority has limited access to health care and preventive services, there is a need for an inexpensive, viable model of health education for this underserved segment of the population in order to lower the excess of preventable diseases. We trained …

The Effects Of Serotonin On Functionally Diverse Isolated Lamprey Spinal Cord Neurons, I. V. Batueva, James T. Buchanan, N. P. Veselkin, E. I. Suderevskaya, E. A. Tsvetkov

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

The experiments reported here showed that application of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) (100 µ M) did not induce any significant current through the membranes of any of the spinal neurons studied (n = 62). At the same time, the membranes of most motoneurons and interneurons (15 of 18) underwent slight depolarization (2–6 mV) in the presence of 5-HT, which was not accompanied by any change in the input resistance of the cells. Depolarization to 10–20 mV occurred in some cells (3 of 18) of these functional groups, this being accompanied by 20–60% decreases in input resistance. The same concentration of 5-HT …

Aging And Memory For Music: A Review, Andrea R. Halpern, James C. Bartlett

Faculty Journal Articles

People of all ages enjoy listening to music, yet most research in musical development has concentrated on infancy through childhood. Our recent research program examined various aspects of music cognition in younger (ages 18 through 30) and older adults (ages 60 through 80) with varying amounts of musical experience. The studies investigated the independent and combined influences of age and experience on a wide assortment of long and short-term memory tasks. Results showed that some musical tasks reflect the same age-related declines as seen in nonmusical tasks, and musical training does not reduce these age-related declines. In other tasks, experience …

A Comparison Of Self-Report And Performance-Based Measures Of Physical Function In Older Adults, Amy Elizabeth Dunbar

LSU Master's Theses

The purpose of this thesis was to examine the associations between perceived quality of life (QOL)and self-report and performance-based measures of function. An additional purpose of this thesis was to determine whether the afore-mentioned tests could differentiate between independent-living and assisted-living older adults. A total of 36 residents, independent-living (n=22) and assisted-living (n=14), of a continuing care retirement community (age range=65-94) completed the study. Perceived QOL was assessed using the SF-36 and Nottingham Health Profile. The Barthel Index and Functional Status Index (FSI) were used to assess Activities of Daily Living (ADLs). Physical function was measured using the reduced Continuous …

Discrimination Of Cardiac Health And Disease By Assessment Of Heart Rate Variability: Wavelet Vs. Fast Fourier Transformation, Jusonda Leray Derouen

LSU Master's Theses

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) modulation of the heart is of clinical importance because of its relevance to risk of life threatening arrhythmic events. Decomposition of heart rate variability (HRV) has been used to quantify ANS control of the heart. The traditional method for frequency analysis has involved the use of fast Fourier transformation (FFT). However, heart rate data typically violate assumptions of the FFT. Therefore, the assessment of HRV may benefit from other, potentially more suitable, mathematical approaches. For example, the discrete wavelet transformation (DWT) appears to have promise with respect to its ability to discriminate between healthy and …

An Exploration Of Relationships Between Environmental Change And Place Identity: An Analysis Of Personal Stories From The South Coast Of Western Australia, Ruth E. Rogan

Theses : Honours

The complex relationships between people and places have been investigated by philosophic and scientific writers of the 19th and 20th centuries and more recently by researchers within the discipline of environmental psychology. A plethora of concepts have been developed to describe the relationship between people and their environments, including place identity and place attachment. Complex relationships exist between place identity, place attachment and the physical environment. Despite this, research situated within the discipline of environmental management, which addresses changes within the biophysical environment, rarely considers the psychological impacts of such change on individuals interacting within those environments. This study investigates …

Transactions Ofthe Nebraska Academy Of Sciences: Volume 28, 2002 Table Of Contents

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Table of Contents

Editorial Contents

Nebraska Academy of Sciences, Inc..........................inside front cover

Nebraska Association of Teachers of Science..........................inside front cover

Nebraska Executive Committee, Policy Committee..........................ii

Editorial Board..........................iv

Preparation of manuscripts..........................inside back cover

Papers

Additions to the lichen flora of Nebraska (Robert S. Egan, Sara Morgan, Clifford M. Wetmore, and Douglas Ladd)..........................1

Germination of threadleaf sedge (Cyperaceae: Carex filifolia) (Gina R. Tichota and James Stubbendieck)..........................15

Morphological variation of Alloereadium lobatum (Digenea: Allocreadiidae) in the creek chub, Semotilus atromaeulatus (Osteichthyes: Cyprinidae), in Nebraska, USA (Monte S. Willis)..........................21

Insects and the native vegetation of Nebraska (Brett C. Ratcliffe and Paul C. Hammond)..........................29 …

‘Neuroecologists’ Are Not Made Of Straw, Robert R. Hampton, Susan D. Healy, Sara J. Shettleworth, Alan Kamil

Papers in Behavior in Biological Sciences

In the October issue of Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Bolhuis and Macphail criticized the functional/evolutionary approach to the neural mechanisms of learning and memory, and concluded that the approach is ‘often misleading and might provide us with the wrong answers’ [1]. Their critique touches on a number of interesting issues, and provides a useful prompt to examine the role of an adaptationist approach to the study of cognition. In their effort to stimulate discussion, however, Bolhuis and Macphail have overstated positions they attribute to ‘neuroecologists’.

Spatial And Social Cognition In Corvids: An Evolutionary Approach, Russell P. Balda, Alan Kamil

Papers in Behavior in Biological Sciences

The central research questions that have guided our studies since 1981 combine issues and techniques from both comparative psychology and avian ecology. Most of our questions originate from the cognitive implications of extensive field studies on the natural history, ecology, and behavior of seed-caching corvids. Because our questions have evolved as our studies progressed, we have chosen to give a historical perspective outlining the progression of our ideas and questions.

‘Neuroecologists’ Are Not Made Of Straw, Robert Hampton, Susan Healy, Sara Shettleworth, Alan C. Kamil

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

In the October issue of Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Bolhuis and Macphail criticized the functional/evolutionary approach to the neural mechanisms of learning and memory, and concluded that the approach is ‘often misleading and might provide us with the wrong answers’ [1]. Their critique touches on a number of interesting issues, and provides a useful prompt to examine the role of an adaptationist approach to the study of cognition. In their effort to stimulate discussion, however, Bolhuis and Macphail have overstated positions they attribute to ‘neuroecologists’.

Changes In Muscle Function And Motorneuron Excitability Of The Triceps Surae Following A Bout Of Fatiguing Eccentric Exercise, Mikala Pougnault

Theses : Honours

A reduction in capacity of the neuromuscular system associated with exercise can occur from a wide range of physiological and psychological factors. Many researchers have investigated neural activation during exercise, or the effects of muscle damage associated with eccentric exercise, but few have studied the prolonged effects of a bout of eccentric exercise on strength and motorneuron excitability. Eleven male and female subjects (aged 20-43 years) were tested to determine the effects of a fatiguing bout of eccentric exercise upon maximal isometric plantarflexion strength, motorneuron excitability, and neural activation of the soleus (SOL) and medial gastrocnemius (MG). The exercise consisted …

Organizing Learning And Practice To Enhance The Acquisition Of Psychomotor Skills In Athletic Training, Ansley Y. Hendrick

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

No abstract provided.

Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Movement Confidence And Level Of Physical Activity In Older Adults, Alastair Stewart

Theses : Honours

The movement confidence model proposed by Griffin and Keogh (1982) determined level of movement confidence by including sensations of enjoyment and fear of harm as well as perceived competence. Whilst this has been studied in children there is a paucity of research into older Australian adults. For the purposes of this study Australian older adults were defined as people over 50 years of age, permanently residing in Australia. Therefore, this study had four major purposes. The first purpose was to identify the relative contributions of (a) perceived competence (PC), (b) enjoyment (EN), and (c) fear of harm (FH) to movement …

Behavioral Evidence For Chemosensory And Thermosensory Pathway Convergence In The Caenorhabditis Elegans Nervous System, Bowman O. Davis Jr., Lewis Vanbrackle, Darren Pittard

Faculty Articles

The nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, is an established model system to explore the ways simple nervous systems detect and direct organismal responses to environmental changes. C. elegans possesses specialized receptor cells for the detection of a variety of environmental stimuli. Separate cell types respond to volatile chemical and thermal stimuli and the neural pathways for these show anatomical evidence of convergence. This work reports findings from behavioral assays during simultaneous exposure of nematodes to both thermal differences and attractant volatile chemicals. Combined exposure to benzaldehyde and cold neutralized the behavioral responses to both stimuli in 24°C acclimated worms. Diacetyl and mild …

Evaluating A Medical Error Taxonomy, Juliana Brixey, Todd R. Johnson, Jiajie Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Healthcare has been slow in using human factors principles to reduce medical errors. The Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) recognizes that a lack of attention to human factors during product development may lead to errors that have the potential for patient injury, or even death. In response to the need for reducing medication errors, the National Coordinating Council for Medication Errors Reporting and Prevention (NCC MERP) released the NCC MERP taxonomy that provides a standard language for reporting medication errors. This project maps the NCC MERP taxonomy of medication error to MedWatch medical errors involving infusion pumps. Of …

Discounting And Reciprocity In An Iterated Prisoner’S Dilemma, David W. Stephens, Colleen M. Mclinn, Jeffrey R. Stevens

Jeffrey Stevens Publications

The Iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma (IPD) is a central paradigm in the study of animal cooperation. According to the IPD framework, repeated play (repetition) and reciprocity combine to maintain a cooperative equilibrium. However, experimental studies with animals suggest that cooperative behavior in IPDs is unstable, and some have suggested that strong preferences for immediate benefits (that is, temporal discounting) might explain the fragility of cooperative equilibria. We studied the effects of discounting and strategic reciprocity on cooperation in captive blue jays. Our results demonstrate an interaction between discounting and reciprocity. Blue jays show high stable levels of cooperation in treatments with …