Digital Commons Network^™

Gambel Oak For Spanish Goats: A Digestion-Balance Evaluation Of Nutrient Availability, Brian L. Dick

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Fresh-harvested Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii) browse was mixed with chopped alfalfa hay to formulate six diets, varying in oak content at two phenological stages. Diets included juvenile oak (65,80,95%), mature oak (40,80%), and an alfalfa control. Diets were evaluated for goats using a series of total-collection digestion balance trials. Dry matter intake was highest for animals on mature oak diets, and lowest on diets containing a high percentage of juvenile oak, possibly due to differences in diet dry matter content. Apparent digestibility of dry matter and cell wall components was lowest for mature oak diets, and highest for …

Nutrient And Water Interrelationships Between Crested Wheatgrass And Two Shrub Species, Paul B. Baker

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

When crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum) grows in mixture with sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), its production declines. Its production increases when grown in mixture with fourwing saltbush (Atriplex canescens), according to previous reports. This study investigated soil water extraction and potassium (K) nutrition of the two shrubs to identify possible causes of the differential responses of crested wheatgrass.

Crested wheatgrass had reduced, rather than increased, nitrogen (N) and K yield in mixture with fourwing saltbush. No differences in N and phosphorous (P) concentrations were observed between sagebrush and fourwing saltbush, but fourwing saltbush had a much …

Acquisition Of Forgaging Skills By Lambs Eating Grass Or Shrub, Enrique R. Flores

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

I studied the acquisition of foraging skills by lambs eating shrub or grass in three experiments. The general approach was to isolate those skills involved in prehending forage from those related to the acceptance of novel foods. Treatment lambs received 15 times more exposure to grass or shrub than did control lambs. Lambs were tested in 2.5 x 2.5 meter monocultures of shrub or grass 5 min/d, on two separate occasions. Height, bulk density and spatial arrangement of plant material were controlled during testing.

In Experiment 1, I studied the acquisition of foraging skills by lambs on monocultures of shrubs. …

Effect Of Fertilization On Woody Plant Chemistry: The Role In Diet Selection By Goats, Amanuel Gobena

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Lack of forage quantity and quality limit livestock production during the dry season in northeast Brazil. Coppice produced following cutting of tree species in this area has the potential to increase forage quantity and quality during the dry season, because trees that coppice retain green foliage throughout most of the dry season. However, the palatability of coppice is often low.

From a theoretical standpoint, woody plants with inherently slow growth rate should be less palatable to herbivores than plants with inherently fast growth rates, because plants that grow slowly allocate more carbon to compounds such as tannins and resins that …

Alfalfa Weevil, Hypera Postica (Gyllenhal), (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Response To Environmental Factors In Alfalfa Fields In Northern Utah, Larry Edward Jech

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Economic damage to forage alfalfa by the alfalfa weevil occurs frequently enough in northern Utah to warrant applications of an insecticide in some years but not all. Currently a five to ten day period is available to recognize injurious populations then make applications.

Sticky boards, pitfall traps, Berlese funnels sweep samples, stem bouquets, climatic variation and marking techniques were evaluated for alfalfa weevil population predictions. The prevailing climate was the most important factor controlling early adult activities. Early adult feeding and sexual development was the key to forecasting later larval populations. Regional surveys were not adequate for local control recommendations. …

Characterization Of Esterases And Glutathione S-Transferases In A Solitary Bee, Megachile Rotundata (Fab.): Variability, Developmental Multiplicity, Substrate Specificity, And Inhibition, Donald R. Frohlich

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The esterases and glutathione S-transferases of a solitary bee, Megachile rotundata (Fab.) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), the alfalfa leafcutting bee, were characterized by electrophoresis, substrate specificity, and inhibition studies. Comparisons were made between ages, sexes, and life stages for several classes of substrates and their isomers: aromatic, aliphatic, and thio-esters. Two esterases were found to be allozymes and variable between individuals and sexes. Adults typically possess an esterase that hydrolyzes fluorescent substrates, an organophosphate insensitive esterase, and a series of type 'B' esterases that are very sensitive to organophosphate inhibition. Electrophoretic patterns are different between adults and immatures and are probably …

Pastoral Development Strategies In The Sahel And East Africa: Can The Mistakes Be Corrected?, Ahmed Musa Haji Ahmed

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

There is much controversy on the definition given to those people who raise livestock on the natural vegetation. Differences in the degree of their dependence on livestock and livestock products for food, as well as differences in the patterns of their movements, create the controversy. "Pure-pastoralists", "nomadic pastoralists", "semi - pastoralists", "semi-nomadic", "transhumant", and "semisedentary" are but some of the many terms used in the literature to describe them (see, for example, Johnson, 1969; Jacobs, 1965; McGee, 1986; Horowitz, 1981). To avoid much of the confusion created by the use of these terms, we use the definition of pastoralists as …

A Simple Model To Predict Optimal Harvest Time Of Alfalfa Using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, Environmental, Morphological, And Growth Parameters, Jody A. Gale

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Knowledge of relationships between nutrient levels, yield, maturity, and environmental influences on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) are necessary to estimate when to harvest alfalfa to maximize quality and yield. Objectives were to document the change in nutrient content, yield, and growth stage of alfalfa grown in Utah as it matures and to develop a simple model to predict optimal harvest date. The study involved three locations in major alfalfa producing regions in Utah. Samples were collected from three commonly grown alfalfa varieties between 26 April and 26 September in 1987. Maximum and minimum levels of crude protein (CP) observed were …

Animal Sciences Into The 21st Century

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Life in Nebraska has always been closely tied to the land and its products. The animal resources of this state feed people throughout the world, and future findings in the animal industry can impact every person on earth. It is with this vision of service to the community, both local and global, that the University of Nebraska – Lincoln has provided a continually expanding Department of Animal Science. Educating young Nebraskans in all phases of the animal production cycle and researching ways to improve the animal industry have been a growing part of UNL’s academic life for nearly 100 years. …

Ua12/2/1 Faces Of Bowling Green, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

Special magazine edition of the College Heights Herald.

• Voninski, Tamara. Traveling Vet – John O’Brien
• Adams, Jeanie. The Teaching Mayor – Patsy Sloan
• Deputy, Amy & Todd Turner. Picking Up the Pieces - Ronny Skirven

Zinc Deficiency: Specific Scalp Hair Defects Seen By Scanning Electron Microscopy May Provide A Valuable New Test, D. W. Gregory, L. Stankler

Scanning Microscopy

Zinc deficiency in man results in multisystem disease. It may be acquired or hereditary; the latter can be fatal if left untreated. Premature babies are particularly susceptible to zinc deficiency. Unfortunately no simple, reliable test for zinc status exists at present.

Short, newly-emerging scalp hair samples from 3 classical cases of zinc deficiency all showed the same characteristic abnormalities when examined by scanning electron microscopy, i.e. straight, blunt tips bearing scales, unusually thick cuticular scales with jagged free-edges, and very fine longitudinal corrugations in individual scales. These abnormal features occurring together appear to be specific for zinc deficiency; they also …

South Dakota Farm And Home Research: 100th Annual Report (Spring 1988), South Dakota State University

South Dakota Farm and Home Research: 1949 -1998

This issue contains the 100th South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station Annual Report. This report covers July 1, 1986 - June 30, 1987.

Director’s Comment: We have been our second century; the horizons expand ahead of us [p] 2
Another IPM: Inappropriate political medication’ means others could control farmers’ use of water [p] 3
Not on its deathbed: Just a sickbed, but ag economy will cycle again, because of history we haven’t read [p] 5
The business of research: It’s the production of knowledge, ‘which will push back the frontiers of ignorance [p] 7
The driving force: Energy ‘to spare’ comes …

A Preliminary Evaluation Of Resin Extractable Molybdenum As A Soil Test, G. S.P. Ritchie

Food Science and Nutrition

Resin extractable Mo explained 72% of the variation in yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown on ten acid soils as measured by the relative yield of the tops or by the uptake of Mo by the youngest emerged blade.

Eat A Healthful Diet- An Absolute Cure, Georgia C. Lauritzen Ph.D

Archived Food and Health Publications

Publication gives tips and suggestions for eating a healthful diet.

Louisiana Agriculture Magazine, Spring 1988, Lsu Agricultural Experiment Station

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Multiple Health Factors, Demographics, And Body Weight, Glenda J. Potter

Community & Environmental Health Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to test the relationship between regular aerobic exercise and body weight. It was the intent of this study to determine if a person who regularly exercises at either high or moderate levels can maintain their body weight at desired levels as specified by the Body Mass Index (BMI). The participants in this study were selected from hospital employees, class members of aerobic classes and/or adult walkers/joggers. There were 38 participants-- 13 males and 25 females.

A self administered questionnaire and a 3-day, 24-hour dietary log were identified to comprise the instrument as well as …

Effects Of Ethanol And Caffeine Administered Maternally On Neonatal Adrenocortical Function, Rhonda L. Mullins Rohlfing

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Two investigations were conducted to determine the effects of maternally administered ethanol and caffeine on neonatal adrenocortical function. In the ethanol study, pregnant female rats were fed a liquid diet in which 35% of the sucrose calories were removed and replaced with ethanol. Dams in the caffeine study were injected with 25 mg/kg/day caffeine in saline solution. Within 24 hours of parturition, neonatal rats in both studies were sacrificed. The adrenal glands were incubated in vitro for one hour and media were analyzed for corticosterone content. Significant adrenal weight differences were found in both studies. The ethanol group pups were …

Use Of 52Cr For The Quantitative Determination Of Red Cell Volume, Claude Michael Hanbury

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Chromium-52 has recently been suggested for use as a new agent to label red cells for the in vivo quantitation of red cell volume (1). In this paper, the development and validation of a routine ⁵²cr labeling procedure is described.

The accuracy, precision, and detection limits of chromium analysis by Zeeman effect atomic absorption spectroscopy was evaluated in the concentration range of 1 - 10 ug Cr/L.

Red cell chromium uptake was evaluated as a function of time, temperature, and concentration. Red cells labeled with a 2.5 mg/L chromium solution for 30 minutes at room temperature exhibited optimal label …

Scanning Electron Microscopy Of The Spermatheca Of Plethodon Larselli (Amphibia: Plethodontidae): Changes In The Surface Morphology Of The Spermathecal Tubule Prior To Ovulation, Christine M. Davitt, John H. Larsen Jr.

Scanning Microscopy

Spermathecae from eight mature female Larch Mountain salamanders (Plethodon larselli) were used to study cellular changes accompanying the administration of ovulation-inducing pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG). Animals injected daily with 25 IU of PMSG were sacrificed on day 2 or day 4. Ultrastructural alterations of the spermathecal tubules include an increase in the synthesis and release of product into the lumen and hypertrophy of two epithelial cell types by day 4. One cell type exhibits apocrine blebs and is covered with microvilli; the other contains large spherical vesicles and has only a few, short microvilli on its surface. These changes …

The Status Of The Names Clytus Horridus Leconte And Clytus Leucozonus Castelnau & Gory (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), Richard L. Hoffman

Insecta Mundi

Much of the confusion that has plagued the two species considered here originated from the failure of previous authors to examine pertinent type material. I made a special effort to examine types of as many names as readily available, and in addition appealed to a number of museums and individuals for the loan of (or information about) material of horridus and muricatulus in order to account for the range and variation of these taxa. C. horridus, although widely distributed, is by no means common and many - even large - collections have few if any specimens of it.

Material …

Disseminated Strongyloides Stercoralis And Aspergillus Fumigatus Presenting As Diffuse Interstitial Pneumonitis In A Steroid-Dependent Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patient, Larry Tankanow, Michael S. Eichenhorn

Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal

We describe a patient with long-standing steroid-dependent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who was admitted with new diffuse interstitial pulmonary infiltrates. Strongyloides stercoralis was present in the sputum and stool and responded to treatment. However, complicating disseminating Aspergillus fumigatus infection eventuated in the patient's death. Strongyloides stercoralis infection should be considered in patients with relevant exposure history, and complicating fungal and gram-negative bacterial infections which such patients may develop should be suspected.

Patricia K. Townsend's Review Of Leslie B. Marshall's Infant Care And Feeding In The South Pacific, Patricia K. Townsend

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

Dosage Window Of Selenium On Human Natural Killer Cytotoxicity And Neutrophilmediated Chemiluminescence, Mary Labue

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Few studies have been conducted on the effect of in vitro selenium (Se) supplementation on cellular immunity. In the present study, the effects of in vitro incubation with sodium selenite on natural killer (NK)-mediated cytotoxicity and phagocyte chemiluminescence (CL) were examined. NK-mediated cytotoxicity and phagocyte CL were observed to be affected by added selenite. These changes generally included augmentation and suppression of both neutrophil CL and NK-mediated cytotoxicity. All dosages of selenite used were shown to be capable of causing augmentation of neutrophil CL. However, 1.0 /xg/ml selenite was also observed to occasionally cause depression of neutrophil CL. When Se …

Microscopic Effects Of Predator Digestion On The Surfaces Of Bones And Teeth, John M. Rensberger, Hartmut B. Krentz

Scanning Microscopy

Concentrations of small fossil mammals are frequently encountered in Cenozoic deposits, but the causes for such accumulations have seldom been determined. In many cases the tooth, jaw, and limb fragments appear to be well-preserved under light microscopy, and it is difficult to differentiate damage due to predator digestion from breakage and abrasion due to physical agents. In order to find more specific evidence of predator digestion, we used a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to examine the surface microstructure of bones and teeth consumed by Bubo virginianus (great horned owl) and Canis latrans (coyote), which prey upon similar species. Effects …

Evaluating Hay Quality, William C. Templeton Jr.

Kentucky Alfalfa and Stored Forage Conference

One of the frustrations to nutritionists interested in the feeding value of roughage has been that with all their book knowledge and technical aids no dependable scheme they could devise would consistently rank forages in feeding value, while the dumb ruminant animal could unerringly detect differences in their nutritive values.
-E. W. Crampton, 1965

Frugivorous And Animalivorous Bats (Microchiroptera): Dental And Cranial Adaptations, Patricia W. Freeman

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

The most derived fruit-eating bats have small canines, wide palates and molars with a distinctive labial rim. Paracone and metacone have moved from a dilambdodont position in the middle of the tooth to the labial side of the tooth where they form the labial cutting edge. Along with the well-developed and close fitting labial cutting edges of the premolars and canines, this cutting edge skirts nearly the entire perimeter of the palate. The labial rim of the lower teeth fit inside the labial rim of the upper teeth like two cookie cutters nesting one inside the other. Frugivores have a …

Solute Exclusion By Polymer And Protein-Dominated Water: Correlation With Results Of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (Nmr) And Calorimetric Studies And Their Significance For The Understanding Of The Physical State Of Water In Living Cells, G. N. Ling

Scanning Microscopy

According to the polarized multilayer (PM) theory of cell water proteins with their back-bones fully extended and their NHCO groups directly exposed to bulk water, polarize water in multilayers. Experimental testing of the theory led to a new understanding of the uniqueness of gelatin, due to its permanently maintained fully extended conformation and its ability to polarize the bulk phase water in multilayers with reduced solubilities for solutes in a size dependent manner ("size rule"). Other models which behave like gelatin are urea-denatured proteins, synthetic polymers like polyethylene oxide (PEO), and polyvinylpyrrolidine (PVP), but not native proteins. NMR studies showed …

The Vascularization Of The Peripheral Nerve Of Chicken And Rat, M. A. Konerding, M. Lehmann, M. Blank

Scanning Microscopy

The vascular system of the sciatic nerve of chicken and rats was examined by means of the microcorrosion casting technique and freeze-broken specimens.

The main epineural vessels form two lateral and interfascicular vascular bundles which anastomose with one another and also with the peri -and endoneural plexuses. On epi- and perineural vessels one can find morphological correlates for regulative means such as sphincters. Even the endoneural vessels depict numerous anastomoses.

The proximity of the vessels as well as the great number of anastomoses suggests a considerable compensatory potential with an adaptable perfusion rate in case of a partial breakdown of …

Leafcutting And Diet Selection: Relative Influence Of Leaf Chemistry And Physical Features, Jerome J. Howard

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The effects of leaf toughness, trichome characteristics, nutrient and water availability, and secondary chemistry on diet selection by the leafcutting ant Atta cephalotes were determined using individuals of 49 woody plant species from a tropical deciduous forest in Costa Rica. The palatability of plants was measured by presenting whole leaves to leafcutting ant foragers on trails and counting the number of pieces cut from leaves. The effectiveness of physical barriers to leaf cutting was evaluated by measuring the speed with which ants were able to cut leaves of varying toughness, trichome densities, and trichome lengths. Plant secondary chemistry was highly …

Changes In Quality Of Bone Mineral On Aging And In Disease, M. D. Grynpas, D. Holmyard

Scanning Microscopy

This paper reviews the changes in the quality of bone mineral with age and in disease. After a brief review of morphological changes with aging in mammalian bones, microradiography is compared to backscattered electron imaging and their use in bringing out subtle changes in bone mineralization outlined.

Changes in the quality of bone with disease is described using osteoporosis as an example. Chemical changes in the skeleton are then discussed and related to morphological changes. Finally, some examples of localized and generalized changes in bone mineral are given. This paper emphasizes that understanding the nature of the mineral phase in …