Digital Commons Network^™

1994 Beef Cattle Report, Darrell W. Nelson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two grazing trials were conducted to determine i/protein or energy was first limiting in the spring-and fall-born nursing calf grazing native sandhills range. Spring-born calves supplemented with escape protein gained more rapidly than calves supplemented with energy or nonsupplemented controls. Fall-born calves supplemented with escape protein gained more rapidly than those supplemented with rumen degradable protein or energy and nonsupplemented controls early in the trial, but gained at a similar rate to the energy controls by the end of the trial. Milk intake was similar across treatments for both trials. Escape protein is more limiting in the young nursing calf …

Burying Beetle (Coleoptera: Silphidae, Nicrophorus) Surveys On Poteau Ranger District, Ouachita National Forest, Joseph C. Neal, M. Earl Stewart, Warren G. Montague

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Surveys for American burying beetles {Nicrophorus americanus Oliver) were conducted in west-central Arkansas on Poteau Ranger District of the Ouachita National Forest in1992 and 1993. A total of 2450 Nicrophorus specimens were captured in1098 trap nights. The most frequently captured specimens were N. orbicollis, N. tomentosus, and N. pustulatus. One specimen of N. americanus was also captures. Other species of beetles were also trapped and identified in this survey. Habitats sampled were primarily well-drained uplands with proposed or recent harvests of shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata). It appears that these habitats may not harbor extensive populations of N. americanus onPoteau RD.

Bulletin 4270 - Meat Quality In Beef Cattle, Brian Mcintyre

Bulletins 4000 -

Meat quality is the sole concern of the consumer once the product reaches the supermarket shelf. Breeding, feeding or any other factors that may have been important to the beef producer have no influence over the buyer's choice. Meat quality can be divided into two components — appearance and eating quality.

Colony Isolation And Secondary Culture Of Fetal Porcine Hepatocytes On Sto Feeder Cells, Neil C. Talbot, Vernon G. Pursel, Caird E. Rexroad Jr., Thomas J. Caperna, Anne M. Powell, Roger T. Stone

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The secondary culture of non-transformed parenchymal hepatocytes has not been possible. STO feeder cell-dependent secondary cultures of fetal pig hepatocytes were established by colony isolation from primary cultures of 26-d fetal livers. The liver cells had the typical polygonal morphology of parenchymal hepatocytes. They also spontaneously differentiated to form small biliary canaliculi between individual cells or progressed further to large multicellular duct-like structures or cells undergoing gross lipid accumulation and secretion. The secondary hepatocyte cultures expressed alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), albumin, and β-fibrinogen mRNA, and conditioned medium from the cells contained elevated levels of transferrin and albumin. STO feeder cell co-culture may …

Purification Of The Major Soybean Leaf Acid Phosphatase That 1s Increased By Seed-Pod Removal, Paul E. Staswick, Chuck Papa, Jing-Feng Huang, Yoon Rhee

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Fruit removal for 5 weeks after flowering increased acid phosphatase activity 10-fold in soybean (Glycine max 1. Merr. vai Hobbit) leaves compared with normal seed-pod-bearing plants. The major acid phosphatase activity in leaves was purified over 2700-fold, yielding a single polypeptide of 51 kD with a specific activity of 1353 units/mg protein using p-nitrophenylphosphate as the substrate. lsoelectric focusing demonstrated that the purified protein co-migrated with a majority of the activity that increased in leaves following seed-pod removal. lmmunoblot analysis demonstrated that at least part of the increased activity was dueto an increased abundance of the phosphatase protein. In situ …

Cauliflower Exports Show Strong Growth, Dennis Phillips

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Cauliflowers were Western Australia's second most valuable horticultural export crop after carrots in 1993-94 with 11,593 tonnes exported for an estimated FOB value of $12.9 million.

Exports have increased 89 per cent in the last five years with spectacular growth in the January to March period. Western Australian exporters have effectively displaced Taiwan from the Singapore and Malaysian markets in this period to become year-round suppliers.

The crop is exported fresh by air or sea with Singapore and Malaysia accounting for more than 90 per cent of sales. Other traditional markets include Hong Kong and Brunei with small quantities going …

Trade, Contact, And Female Health In Northeast Nebraska, Karl Reinhard, Larry Tieszen, Karin L. Sandness, Lynae M. Beiningen, Elizabeth Miller, A. Mohammad Ghazi, Christiana E. Miewald, Sandra V. Barnum

Karl Reinhard Publications

Most scholars are understandably preoccupied with the impact of Europeans on native peoples who were passive, unwilling, or resistant participants in that contact. We present in this chapter a different case. The Missouri River tribes, including the Omaha and Ponca, willingly engaged in relations with Euramericans, especially in the fur trade that dominated interaction in this region. The time frame for this study is 1780- 1820, a period when interaction between individual traders and Native Americans was replaced by the dominance of the American Fur Company in organized exploitation of the Missouri River lands and peoples. This involvement later contributed …

A Continuous Culture Of Pluripotent Fetal Hepatocytes Derived From The 8-Day Epiblast Of The Pig, Neil C. Talbot, Caird E. Rexroad Jr., Anne M. Powell, Vernon G. Pursel, Thomas J. Caperna, Sherry L. Ogg, Neil D. Nel

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Continuous cultures of pluripotent prenchymal hepatocytes were derived from the epiblasts of 8-day-old pig blastocytes. The cells were polygonal and had phase-contrast dark, granular cytoplasm with prominent nuclei and nucleoli. These feeder-dependent cell cultures differentiated into large, multicellular, secretory, duct-like structures or formed small canaliculi between individual cells. Alternatively, the cells accumulated droplets that stained intensely with Oil Red O, a lipid-specific stain. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), albumin, and β-fibrinogen mRNAs were expressed as the cells differentiated in culture. Serum-free medium that was conditioned by the cells contained transferrin, AFP, and albumin. The growth and viability of the cells were inhibited by …

Anatomical And Sem Studies Of The Pericarp And Aleurone Layer Of Two Supersweet Corn Cultivars, Tufail Ahmed

Masters Theses

Supersweet corn (Zea mays L. var. rugosa.) which contain endosperm mutant shrunken -2 exhibits low seed vigor and poor field emergence especially when soil temperature is 10-15 °C. Based on their emergence in the field at low temperature, they can be divided into two groups as tolerant and sensitive cultivars. Two cultivars 'Illini Gold' (Tolerant) and 'Honey 'n' Pearl' (Sensitive) were studied to see any anatomical differences, holes and cracks in the pericarp and air pockets between pericarp and aleurone layer. Significant differences were found in the thickness of pericarp. 'Illini Gold' cultivar has thicker pericarp and thin walled aleurone …

Physical And Functional Characteristics Of Cellclumping In Lactose-Positive Transconjugants Of Lactococcus Lactis Ssp. Lactis Ml3, H. Wang, Jeff Broadbent, J. K. Kondo

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Transconjugants of Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis ML3 that acquire the ability to utilize lactose often exhibit self-aggregation and become able to transfer the ability to utilize lactose at frequencies 102 to 105 times higher than strain ML3. Our laboratory investigated the physical and functional characteristics of cell aggregation in ML3 transconjugants. Results showed that donor cell auto-aggregation was dissociated when cells were suspended in buffers that contained EDTA or when they were briefly exposed to proteinase K or α-chymotrypsin. Conjugation studies revealed that disruption of donor cell aggregation substantially decreased the efficiency of lactose plasmid transfer. Dissociation by EDTA or …

Distribution And Sampling Of Chilo Partellus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) In Maize And Sorghum On The Kenya Coast, W. A. Overholt, K. Ogedah, P. M. Lammers

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The seasonal occurrence and spatial distribution of the crambine stem borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) were investigated in maize, Zea mays, and sorghum, Sorghum bicolor, fields at the Kenya coast. During the vegetative growth stage, small-sized larvae were typically found behind leaf sheaths and in whorls in maize and sorghum. In reproductive and senescent maize, small-sized larvae were also found feeding in ears. Later immature life stages were located predominantly in stems in sorghum, and in the stems and ears in maize. Density and variance estimates of small, medium-, and large-sized larvae and pupae in maize and sorghum were fitted to …

Otitis Media, Mastoiditis, And Infracranial Lesions In Two Plains Indian Children, Robert W. Mann, Douglas W. Owsley, Karl J. Reinhard

Karl Reinhard Publications

One disease condition that is common to nearly all children is otitis media, also known as middle ear disease. Although most people speak of it as a middle ear "infection," other causes such as neoplasm (tumor) can result in manifestations and symptoms mimicking an infectious process. This paper presents findings related to osseous lesions in two Indian children, approximately three to five years of age, who died with otitis media and infracranial lesions. Through macroscopic and radiographic analysis, it is possible to show that one child probably suffered from tuberculosis and the other from histiocytosis X. From an epidemiological and …

The Role Of Nitrogen Availability, Hydroperiod And Litter Quality In Root Decomposition Along A Barrier Island Chronosequence, Christine Elizabeth Conn

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The decomposition of organic matter regulates carbon and nutrient flux between biotic and abiotic pools. Traditional research emphasizes above ground decomposition processes and, by inference, extends these findings to below ground systems. The study, conducted along a southeastern Atlantic Coast barrier island dune and swale chronosequence (Virginia Coast Reserve Long Term Ecological Research site), addressed how hydroperiod, litter quality and nitrogen availability influenced below ground root decay in response to gradients associated with site age and topographic position and in the context of a nitrogen limited ecosystem. Effects on rates of mass loss and nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics during decomposition …

Agriculture News Release - 1993-12-30b, United States. Congress. House. Committee On Agriculture, E. De La Garza

Kika de la Garza Congressional Papers - Agriculture Committee News Releases

No abstract provided.

A Simple Basic Explanation Of Cow Nutrition, Ivan G. Rush

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Cattle producers in many ways have expertise in nutrition. Each day when cattle are fed or when grazing, they are taking in nutrients (protein, energy, minerals, etc.) that are vital for their life and production. Cattlemen are responsible for providing the feeds that supply the nutrients for the beef animal. If provided in the proper balance and portions at an economical level then the desired results should be obtained. If shortages occur with any required nutrient or if the nutrients are fed in excess or the sources are extremely costly then economic losses will be experienced. Because the largest cost …

Setting Direction And Effective Management Style, Burke Teichert

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Management style is a major determinant of effectiveness. Setting direction in turn is an integral part of an effective management style. At Rex Ranch our mission or long term direction is to "maximize long term profit while improving the land, animal and human resources." The redundancy in the mission statement is recognized and intended. If we fail to improve the land, animal and human resources, we will not be competitive or profitable in the long run. So, that part of the statement is to keep us based on correct principles.

A ranch is really a production and marketing system made …

Composite Breeds - What Does The Research Tell Us?, Keith Gregory, Larry V. Cundiff, R. M. Koch

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Heterosis achieved through continuous crossbreeding can be used to increase weight of calf weaned per cow exposed to breeding by 20%. Comprehensive programs of breed characterization have revealed large differences among breeds for most bioeconomic traits. About 55% of the U.S. beef breeding population involving 93% of the farmers and ranchers who produce beef cattle are in production units of 100 or fewer cows. Optimum crossbreeding systems are not easy to adapt in herds that use fewer than four bulls. Further, fluctuation in breed composition between generations in rotational crossbreeding systems can result in considerable variation among both cows and …

Effects Of Supplementation On Intake And Utilization On Harvested Forages, David W. Sanson

Range Beef Cow Symposium

A frequent question asked by beef cattle producers is what supplement should be used. Prior to asking this question, it should be determined if a supplement is necessary. To answer this question, the nutrient requirements of the animal to meet the desired production level must be established. Next, it should be determined if current feed resources will meet these needs. It may be possible to shift grazing practices or to adjust feeding levels and meet the requirements. Once it is established that a supplement must be used, then the supplement that will improve the utilization of the base diet should …

Precalving Nutrition/Birth Weight Interaction And Rebreeding Efficiency, Robert P. Wettemann

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Profitability of calf production can be greatly increased by improvements in reproductive efficiency. Losses in income are associated with nonpregnant cows, calves that are born late in the calving season and death of calves at birth. Too many heifers and cows exposed to bulls during a breeding season do not become pregnant and wean a calf the next year. A major reason for the inefficiency is that cows are not pregnant at the end of breeding because many have not been in estrus and bred by the bulls. In addition, some cows do not start estrous cycles until late in …

Calf Scours: Prevention And Treatment, Franklyn Garry

Range Beef Cow Symposium

There are numerous causes of disease and death in nursing beef calves. Within the first several days of life, the leading causes of beef calf disease are metabolic and behavioral problems, many of which are the direct or indirect result of dystocia. Thereafter, the most common calfhood problems are infectious diseases. Infections of the respiratory and gastrointestinal system account for the overwhelming majority of calf disease and death in the United States. Gastrointestinal diseases tend to be most common within the first month of life, while the respiratory diseases tend to be more important after that time.

There are numerous …

Cattle Abortions - Causes And Prevention, Michael Yaeger

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Abortions in cattle may result from a broad range of causes. Abortions may be idiopathic (occurring without known cause) or the result of metabolic or hormonal abnormalities, nutritional deficiencies, trauma, toxicities, or infectious processes. For this presentation, information collected from diagnostic laboratories in South Dakota, Nebraska and Wyoming has been summarized in order to distill this broad subject down to its most important aspects. This presentation will examine the various infectious causes of abortion and focus on those diseases which diagnostic results indicate are the most important contagious causes of abortion.

Before beginning the discussion of specific causes of abortion, …

Estrous Synchronization In Lactating Cows, Doug L. Hixon

Range Beef Cow Symposium

The objective of any successful synchronization program is to manipulate the estrous cycle of normally cycling females so that a large percentage will exhibit estrus with normal fertility at a pre-determined time. Synchronization programs have typically been most successful with heifers due to a lack of interference from extraneous factors. Since minimum age and weight are the primary prerequisites for a heifer of a particular breed to reach puberty, a nutritional program can be designed to allow the majority of heifers to reach their appropriate target weight by 13-14 months of age. Provided there are no health problems, or extreme …

Factors Affecting Calving Difficulty, R. A. Bellows

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Calf deaths resulting from difficult calving (dystocia) cause a major reduction in the net calf crop and income realized by beef producers. Based on 1993 projected figures, a 5% increase in animals available for sale in the U.S. could potentially increase gross receipts by over $1.5 billion annually. These same projection figures also suggest that losses attributed to calf deaths from dystocia alone exceed $750 million annually. Identifying ways to decrease dystocia and the accompanying calf deaths is the subject of this paper.

Effects Of Early Weaning On High Growth Calves And Subsequent Carcass Characteristics, R. H. Pritchard

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Historically, early weaning has been considered one of those things you might have to do in drought years. We do it because the cow-calf pairs are not realizing their production potential when running on dried up rangeland. For the rancher that has invested in quality bulls and is producing high growth potential calves, the problem is the same, only the circumstances are different. In years when grass production is adequate, high growth potential calves are not receiving adequate nutrition to express their genetic potential. The typical management adjustment in this situation is to creep feed or pre-condition the calves. Either …

Agriculture News Release - 1993-12-06, United States. Congress. House. Committee On Agriculture, E. De La Garza

Kika de la Garza Congressional Papers - Agriculture Committee News Releases

No abstract provided.

Nebline, December 1993

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Horticulture

Rural $ense

Human Resources

4-H & Youth

Environmental Focus

Community & Leadership Development

Extension Calendar

Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP)

Nebraska Association for Family and Community Education News

and other extension news and events

Ard News December 1993

Agricultural Research Division: News and Annual Reports

CONTENTS:

SEASON'S GREETINGS
GRADUATE STUDENT ENROLLMENT FOR 1993-1994
ARD ADMINISTERED GRANT AND AWARDS PROGRAMS
INDIRECT COST RECOVERY BY ARD UNITS DURING FY 1993
NEW OR REVISED PROJECTS
PROPOSALS SUBMITTED FOR FEDERAL GRANTS
GRANTS AND CONTRACTS RECEIVED OCTOBER AND NOVEMBER, 1993
IANR RESEARCH TRAVEL FUND PROGRAM
CHEMICAL SAFETY/HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ISSUES
ARDC RESEARCH AND OUTREACH FACILITY
ARDC UPDATE

Bulletin 4265 - Termites, Peter Davis

Bulletins 4000 -

Termites are small, soft-bodied, social insects that feed on wood, grass, dead leaves, bark, humus, fungi or the dung of herbivore. They are commonly known as white ants, but are not related to true ants.

There are over 2300 species of termite of which about350 occur in Australia, and of these about 12 damage sound timber.

The Mayfly Newsletter, Peter M. Grant

The Mayfly Newsletter

The Mayfly Newsletter is the official newsletter of the Permanent Committee of the International Conferences on Ephemeroptera.

Southeast South Dakota Experiment Farm Annual Progress Report, 1993, Agricultural Experiment Station

Agricultural Experiment Station and Research Farm Annual Reports

This thirty-third annual report of the research program at the Southeast South Dakota Experiment Farm has special significance for those engaged in agriculture and the agriculturally related businesses in the nine county area of southeast South Dakota. Reports in this document include information on: temperatures and precipitation data, corn production and performance, soybean research and planting, soil testing, alfalfa yield test, fertilizer testing, herbicide research, crop rotation, sorghum, small grains, livestock research, and pest and weed control.