Digital Commons Network^™

Effect Of Weaning Date On Performance Of Beef Cows, R. J. Pruitt, P. A. Momont

South Dakota Beef Report, 1994

Records from 92 mature crossbred cows calving in March and April were used to determine the effect of weaning calves 40 days earlier than the traditional weaning time on cow weight change, body condition, and reproductive performance. When calves were weaned early (September 14 versus October 231, their dams gained more weight from September 14 to early December and had higher body condition scores in December than the dams of later weaned calves. The two nutritional treaments imposed after calving were important in explaining the effects of earlier weaning on cow reproductive performance. For cows that were fed grass hay …

Amelioration Of Subsurface Acidity In Sandy Soils In Low Rainfall Regions. I. Responses Of Wheat And Lupins To Surface-Applied Gypsum And Lime, C. D. A. Mclay, G. S.P. Ritchie, W. M. Porter

Food Science and Nutrition

Amelioration of subsoil acidity using gypsum (CaSO₄·2H₂O) or lime (CaCO₃) was studied on sandy textured soils with low water holding capacity in a low rainfall environment. Field trials were established in 1989 at two sites on yellow sandplain soils to investigate whether different rates, sources and combinations of gypsum and lime application could be used to increase wheat and lupin yields. Gypsum increased wheat yields by up to 45% in the first two growing seasons whereas lime increased wheat yields by up to only 15% in the second season. The highest yields were generally …

Role Of Dissolution And Precipitation Of Minerals In Controlling Soluble Aluminum In Acidic Soils, G. S. P. Ritchie

Food Science and Nutrition

No abstract provided.

1994 South Dakota Beef Report, Department Of Animal And Range Sciences, South Dakota State University, Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Cooperative Extension Service, South Dakota State University

South Dakota Beef Report, 1994

This is the 1994 South Dakota Beef Report. The articles published in this report summarize many of the beef cattle research activities conducted at South Dakota State University during 1994. The articles in this report have many levels of application. Some information has immediate application for your farm, ranch, or agribusiness. The articles include information on nutrition , breeding and genetics, management, health, growth and development, and economics of the cattle and beef industry in South Dakota.

The Ohlone And The Oak Woodlands: Cultural Adaptation In The Santa Clara Valley, Grant William Schick

Research Manuscript Series

Today, Santa Clara Valley consists of a modern industrialized environment distinguished by concrete, pavement and automobiles. These "innovations" made by modern technology began only recently. The environment and ecology of 200 years ago was extremely different from ours today. Filled with many native habitats, it thrived through the inter-dependance of all plant and animal species. In this study, I examine the characteristics of Santa Clara Valley in centuries past and today, in order to understand the vast number of resources which were available to the native inhabitants of the Santa Clara Basin. This paper has its base in cultural ecology, …

Pretreatment Of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Seed To Accelerate Development, Alan Olness, Jana Rinke

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

Cool soil temperatures at planting delay germination, seedling emergence, and plant development. Seed hydration and plant nutrition, especially nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), accelerate germination and development. In order to assess effects of hydration, temperature and nutrition on field grown maize, seeds were hydrated at three temperatures, 10, 20, and 30 C and four nutrient regimes, water only, with nutrients (N), with iron-chelate (Fe), and with both N and Fe. Non-hydrated seeds were used as control comparisons. Field plots were established on an Aastad loam (Pachic Udic Haploboroll)/Flom silty clay loam (Typic Haplaquoll) complex in 1991 and a Barnes loam …

Vegetable Canning Methods In The Pressure Cooker, Georgia Lauritzen

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

1994 Annual Report, Various Authors

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Nf94-175 Can You Afford To Use Bst?, Jeffrey F. Keown

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact discusses the affordability of BST.

G4-1228 Wintering And Backgrounding Beef Calves, Richard J. Rasby, Ivan G. Rush, Rick Stock

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide discusses feeding and management practices and possible feeding rations for summer grazing programs or for calves that are weaned and backgrounded before entering a feedlot for finishing.

Reasons for Backgrounding Calves

Backgrounding programs allow calves to grow and develop bone and muscle without becoming fleshy. Reasons for backgrounding weaned calves include:

Calves can be retained rather than sold at weaning when prices are typically low.

Developing replacement heifers.

Allows producers to use inexpensive home-grown feeds, crop residues, and/or pasture to put weight on calves economically.

Can add weight on small to medium framed calves or lightweight calves born …

Understanding Fertilisers - Course Notes, Margaret Graham, John Burt, Neil Lantzke

Horticulture research reports

The aim of the course is to provide you with more detailed information that will allow you to refine and improve your fertiliser program. Applying the correct amount of nutrient increases yield and quality. Over-fertilising is a waste of money and may lead to pollution of groundwater.

Nf94-129 Adding Water To Grain, Silage, Or Hay, Rick Stock, Rick Grant

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Water additions to feeds stored as high-moisture grain, silage, haylage, dry hay, or dry rations may be desirable for several reasons.

Out-Of-Season Births Of Elk Calves In Wyoming, Bruce L. Smith

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

ive out-of-season births of Rocky Mountain elk were documented over a 24-month period at the National Elk Refuge, Wyoming. One of four November neonates was radio-instrumented and subsequently died seven days later due to hypothermia. An April-born calf was killed by a coyote. Supplemental winter feeding of elk at the Refuge may increase the frequency of asynchronous reproduction.

Nutrient Uptake And Organic Acid Anion Metabolism In Lupins And Peas Supplied With Nitrate, S. P. Loss, A. D. Robson, G. S.P. Ritchie

Food Science and Nutrition

Unlike many plants reported in the literature, lupins do not excrete OH− in amounts equivalent to the net excess of inorganic anion uptake over inorganic cation uptake. To investigate the mechanisms involved in the maintenance of charge balance, nutrient uptake and organic anion accumulation of lupins and peas supplied with a range of NO3− concentrations, were compared. Lupins absorbed less NO3− than peas on a dry weight basis, which largely ACCOUNTED for the smaller excess of anion uptake over cation uptake in lupins than in peas at the same NO3− supply. When anion uptake exceeded cation uptake, peas excreted an …

Quality Wool Production At Lower Cost, Peter Metcalfe

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Low wool prices are forcing farmers to reduce their sheep management costs but, fortunately, cost cutting is not resulting in lower wool production, poorer wool quality or lessened sheep care on the best wool growing properties.

Nf94-163 Giardia Lamblia, Susan S. Sumner, Julie A. Albrecht

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact discusses Giardia lamblia bacteria.

G95-1233 Food Safety For Child Care Facilities, Julie A. Albrecht

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebGuide outlines proper techniques for providing safe food in child care facilities.

Children are at high risk for food-borne illnesses. Young children are particularly vulnerable to microbial food-borne diseases because of their under-developed immune systems.

In recent years, reports of food-borne illnesses have made headlines. Most of these outbreaks involved food prepared away from home. Many cases of food-borne illness go unreported because the symptoms are similar to the flu.

Foods contaminated with microorganisms are the cause of food-borne illnesses. Contaminated food does not, however, always taste bad, smell bad, or look bad. Therefore, it is almost impossible to …

Home Drying Of Food, Charlotte P. Brennand

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Concepts Of Animal Well-Being And Predicting The Impact Of Procedures On Experimental Animals, D. J. Mellor, C. S. W. Reid

Experimental Research and Animal Welfare Collection

1. We argue that:

• in their application to non-human animals, 'welfare' and 'well-being' are interchangeable words; and that

• good welfare/well-being is the state of being manifest in an animal when its nutritional, environmental, health, behavioural and mental needs are met.

2. These latter are essentially the 'five freedoms' formulated by the Farm Animal Welfare Council of the United Kingdom.

3. Using the five freedoms as a basis, we have developed a system for assessing the impact of a proposed animal experiment or usage. The freedoms are now transformed into 'domains of potential compromise' and are redefined better to …

Changes In The Forms Of Cadmium With Time In Some Western Australian Soils, S. S. Mann, G. S.P. Ritchie

Food Science and Nutrition

Changes in the forms of Cd with time could affect its uptake by plants and hence potential toxicity to animals and humans. The effect of time on the forms of native and added Cd was studied in four West Australian soils which differed in their clay, hydrous oxide and organic matter content. Sequential extraction of soluble (KCl), exchangeable (BaCl₂), bound to organic matter (NaOCl), bound to oxides/clays (ammonium oxalate) and residual (concentrated acids) forms of Cd was carried out at different time intervals after the addition of Cd.
The Cd that was added to the soils transformed with …

Phosphorus Leaching In Soils Amended With Piggery Effluent Or Lime Residues From Effluent Treatment, D. M. Weaver, G. S.P. Ritchie

Food Science and Nutrition

Phosphorus (P) in wastes from piggeries may contribute to the eutrophication of waterways if not disposed of appropriately. Phosphorus leaching, from three soils with different P sorption characteristics (two with low P retention and one with moderate P retention) when treated with piggery effluent (with or without struvite), was investigated using batch and leaching experiments. The leaching of P retained in soil from the application of struvite effluent was determined. In addition, P leaching from lime residues (resulting from the treatment of piggery effluent with lime to remove P) was determined in comparison to superphosphate when applied to the same …

Phosphorus Removal From Piggery Effluents Of Varying Quality Using Lime And Physico-Chemical Treatment Methods., D. M. Weaver, G. S. P. Ritchie

Food Science and Nutrition

The choice of management practices for the treatment of piggery effluent prior to its disposal to waterways or land is governed by the desire to simultaneously minimise the cost of treatment whilst minimising pollution of the environment. Laboratory experiments were conducted to compare the removal of total and total filterable phosphorus (P) (μm) from ortho-phosphate solutions or piggery effluent by hydrated lime or lime kiln dust alone, or from recycled piggery effluent by lime and physico-chemical treatment methods. In addition, the ability of lime to remove P from recycled piggery effluent at an intensive piggery was assessed.

Most P …

Dairy Digest 1993-1994, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

Nutritive Quality And Mineral Content Of Potential Desert Tortoise Food Plants, United States Department Of Agriculture, Forest Service

Plants

Minerals and nutrients for desert tortoise food plants from the northeastern Mojave Desert are generally in the normal range for semiarid environments, except that sodium values are low for plants and soil. Annual forbs are often higher in nutritive quality than other plant classes.

Planting Guide For Utah, Howard Horton

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

An Inventory And Condition Survey Of The Murchison River Catchment, Western Australia, Peter James Curry, A L. Payne, K A. Leighton, P Hennig, D A. Blood

Technical Bulletins

The inventory and condition survey of the Murchison River catchment and surrounds, undertaken by the Department of Agriculture between 1985 and 1988, describes and maps the natural resources of the region’s pastoral leasehold land. This survey report provides a baseline record of the existence and condition of the natural area’s resources, to assist with the planning and implementation of land management practices. The report identified and described the condition of soils, landforms, vegetation, habitat, ecosystems, and declared plants and animals. It also assessed the impact of pastoralism and made land management recommendations. The area surveyed by field work during 1985-88 …

Gascoyne Research Station Field Day, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Horticulture research reports

Gascoyne Research Station Centenary Open Day Thursday 13 October 1994

100 years (1894-1994) Advancing Agriculture

Welcome to the 1994 Field Day at Gascoyne Research Station. At this day you'll have the opportunity to view and hear discussions of some of the latest Research and Development initiatives in horticulture in the region. We will commence activities at the Packing Shed at 3:00 p.m. with introductions and short discussions of new work which is currently in progress. This will be followed by field talks at the trial sites, as listed in this brochure. We are also pleased to include presentations by leaders …

Ec94-737 Calibrating Anhydrous Ammonia Applicators, William L. Kranz, Charles A. Shapiro, Robert Grisso

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

Application of agricultural chemicals has come under increased scrutiny from environmental groups and federal regulatory agencies. Nitrogen fertilizer is used in greater quantities than any other agricultural chemical. It also is the contaminant most often found in Nebraska groundwater. Accurate application of nitrogen is important from an environmental and economic viewpoint. Approximately 800 million pounds of nitrogen are applied to 12 million acres of Nebraska cropland each year. Nitrogen applied as anhydrous ammonia (NH₃) accounts for around 40 percent of the total nitrogen applied.

Nf94-167 Clostridium Perfringens, Susan S. Sumner, Julie A. Albrecht

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This NebFact discusses Clostridium perfringens bacteria.

Food Aversion Conditioned In Anesthetized Sheep, Frederick D. Provenza, Justin J. Lynch, John V. Nolan

Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah

We discovered that a food aversion could be conditioned in anesthetized sheep. Sheep were allowed to eat a familiar food (alfalfa-grain pellets) for 30 min, and 90 min later they were given either an intraruminal (IR) injection of water (C), an IR injection of LiCl (L), anesthesia followed by an IR injection of water (A), or anesthesia followed by an IR injection of LiCl (A+L). Induction of anesthesia was by an intraveneous injection of pentobarbitone sodium, and maintenance of deep anesthesia was by halothane. Sheep were maintained in deep anesthesia for 2 h to ensure that the effects of LiCl …