Digital Commons Network^™

Investigating The Role Of Centromere Deletion In Chromosome Segregation, Azait Imtiaz

ETDs from 2020-2029

Centromeres are critical genomic regions responsible for ensuring accurate chromosome segregation during cell division. Disruptions in the structural or functional integrity of centromeric DNA could impair kinetochore assembly, leading to chromosome missegregation and chromosomal instability (CIN), a hallmark of various human diseases, including systemic sclerosis (SSc). This study investigated the contribution of centromeric DNA damage and deletion to CIN and explored potential pathogenic mechanisms relevant to SSc. We utilized hTERT-immortalized fibroblast cell lines (CHON-002 and BJ-5ta) to implement two complementary approaches: (i) treatment with bleomycin, a chemotherapeutic agent known to induce DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), and (ii) targeted deletion of …

A Pilot Study Of The Acute Effects Of Isometric Exercise And Aerobic Exercise For Improving Blood Pressure And Vascular Hemodynamics In Hypertensive Adults, Ayih Cedric Edoh

ETDs from 2020-2029

Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most prevalent and modifiable risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Aerobic exercise is a well-known method to lower blood pressure (BP), but recently, isometric exercise has been purported to lower BP to a similar or greater extent. There is little known about the effects of isometric exercise on acute BP and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP). Therefore, the purpose of this pilot study was to compare the effects of isometric and aerobic exercise on improving vascular hemodynamics and 24-hour ABP in hypertensive adults. METHODS: Seven participants (age 25-65 years) with a diagnosis of …

Histone Deacetylases In Kidney Injury: Distribution, Injury-Specific Regulation, And Fibroblast Hdac1 Function, Huy Nguyen

ETDs from 2020-2029

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is increasingly recognized as a major contributor to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) through maladaptive repair and interstitial fibrosis. Epigenetic regulation has emerged as a critical factor of kidney injury responses, however the injury-specific and cell-type specific roles of histone deacetylases (HDACs) remain poorly defined. This dissertation investigates the regulation and functional significance of HDACs in kidney injury, with a particular focus on fibroblast HDAC1 as a mediator of interstitial fibrosis development following AKI. In my cisplatin-induced AKI model, a single dose of cisplatin caused a significant decline in kidney function in both male …

Small Rna Sequencing Identifies Tsrna-05020 As A Potential Regulator Of Cervical Cancer Progression, Cheng Peng, Cong Liang, Jie Liu, Yunlu Liu, Ping Liu

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Cervical cancer (CC) is a malignant gynecologic tumor. Small RNAs derived from tRNA (tsRNAs) have been reported to play regulatory roles in tumor progression and suppression. However, the functional role of tsRNAs in CC remains largely unclear.

Materials and methods: Small RNA sequencing was performed on normal, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and CC clinical cell samples to identify differentially expressed tsRNAs (DEtsRNAs). qRT-PCR was used to validate the selected DEtsRNAs. The effects of tsRNA-05020 on HeLa cell proliferation, apoptosis, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition were assessed.

Results: Compared with the normal group, 215 tsRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in CIN tissues, …

An In Vitro Mechanistic Study Of Cholinergic-Associated Mechanisms Relevant To Masld In Hepg2 Cells, Gamze Sönmez, Müslüm Gök, Suat Sari, Ebru Bodur

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and the hepatic cholinergic axis are critical regulators of lipid metabolism and inflammatory signaling; however, their time-dependent interplay in hepatocytes remains incompletely understood. Clarifying how n-6 and n-3 PUFAs interact with cholinergic pathways may provide mechanistic insight into metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

Materials and methods: HepG2 cells were used to examine the combined effects of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) overexpression and PUFA exposure. Cells were treated with linoleic acid (LA; n-6) or α-linolenic acid (α-LA; n-3) for 24 or 48 h. Gene expression analyses were performed to assess pathways involved in de novo lipogenesis, β-oxidation, …

Retinoic Acid-Loaded Nanoparticles Enhance Macrophage-Mediated Control Of Leishmania Infantum, Zeynep İşlek, Merve Gündoğdu, Zeynep Di̇la Yüksel

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Visceral leishmaniasis, primarily caused by Leishmania infantum, remains a major global health challenge due to limitations in current chemotherapeutic options, including toxicity and emerging drug resistance. Host-directed therapeutic approaches are increasingly recognized as promising alternatives. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is an immunomodulatory molecule with host-dependent effects on macrophage function; however, its therapeutic use is hindered by instability and poor solubility. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) offer a controlled and biocompatible delivery platform capable of enhancing intracellular drug accumulation.

Materials and methods: ATRA-loaded SLNs were prepared and characterized for size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and morphology. Their antileishmanial activity was evaluated …

Characterization Of Poly-Β-Hydroxybutyrate And Its Biosynthesis In Priestia Endophytica Ucm B-5715, Alina Kharchuk, Maksym Kharchuk, Maksym Kharkhota, Sergiy Rogalsky, Oksana Tarasyuk, Oleksandr Kisten, Anastasiia Hubina, Illya Kapats, Liliia Avdieieva

Turkish Journal of Biology

Background/aim: Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable biopolymers with promising applications in biotechnology and medicine; however, the diversity of their biosynthesis within the genus Priestia remains poorly characterized. Although Priestia species have been recognized as potential PHA producers, the detailed genomic architecture and physicochemical properties of the polymers synthesized by these bacteria, particularly in the type strain, remain poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize the poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) produced by Priestia endophytica UCM B-5715 and to investigate the PHB biosynthetic genes across related strains.

Materials and methods: PHB granules were visualized and measured using fluorescence microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and scanning electron …

Describing Propagation Of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii Through Comparative Genomics And Phenotypic Analysis Of Modern-Day Clinical Isolates, Emma Graffice

ETDs from 2020-2029

Understanding the genomic structure of bacterial populations is essential for tracking antimicrobial resistance and informing public health strategies to prevent spread of multidrug resistant organisms. In this study, we investigated the diversity and distribution of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAb) lineages across a major healthcare system in the U.S. Deep South through both retrospective and prospective isolate collection. Our analysis revealed a heterogeneous population composed of multiple genotypically and phenotypically distinct lineages. To improve the resolution of lineage classification, we applied average nucleotide identity (ANI) as a high-resolution metric for comparative genomics. A ≥99% ANI threshold effectively delineated lineages, outperforming traditional …

Contribution Of Phosphorylation To Hp1a Function, James Walts

ETDs from 2020-2029

Heterochromatin Protein 1 (HP1) family members are highly conserved, non-histone chromosomal proteins essential for heterochromatin formation and transcriptional regulation. In Drosophila melanogaster, HP1a functions both as a transcriptional repressor and activator, as well as other functions, and undergoes post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation. The functional consequences of HP1a phosphorylation remain largely unexplored. This thesis investigates the role of phosphorylation at serines 89/90/91 (S899091) of HP1a by generating two mutant alleles: a phospho-mimic (SE) and a phospho-block (SA). Both alleles produce stable mRNA transcripts; however, Western blot analysis revealed reduced protein accumulation relative to wildtype HP1a. Homozygous phospho-block animals are embryonic lethal …

Jnk Signaling Impacts Car-T Cell Effector Function, Charles Kuhlmann

ETDs from 2020-2029

The potent cytotoxic activity of T cells serves as a natural defense against cancers. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy represents a strategy for harnessing T cells against advanced tumors. CAR-T cell therapy has seen striking success against hematologic malignancies, prompting its application to new diseases. Ovarian cancer is a highly lethal disease characterized by frequent recurrence and aggressive nature, prompting the investigation of CAR-T cell therapy as a salvage regimen. However, like in other solid tumors, the early performance of CAR-T cell therapy in ovarian cancer is poor. While many strategies exist for improving the longevity of CAR-T …

Epidemiology And Ultrasonographic Observations Of Urogenital Schistosomiasis Related Urinary Tract Morbidity In Itilima District, Simiyu Region, Tanzania, Coletha Yohana, Bruno A. Nyundo, Jared S. Bakuza, Peter F. Rambau, Safari M. Kinung’Hi

Tanzania Journal of Science

Chronic infection of urogenital schistosomiasis in humans is a major cause of urinary tract morbidity in endemic areas. However, information on the prevalence of schistosomiasisrelated urinary tract morbidity is lacking in most endemic countries including Tanzania. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis-related urinary tract morbidity in schoolchildren and adults in Itilima District. Urine samples from 682 residents were examined for Schistosoma haematobium infection using urine filtration technique. Urinary tract morbidity was examined by ultrasound. The prevalence of S. haematobium infection was 16.4% (112/682) and varied significantly between villages (range 3.2% to 29.5%, χ2 = 48.467, p < 0.001). There was no significant variation of S. haematobium infection between male and female (8.3 % vs 8.1%, χ2 = 0.679, p = 0.410). Majority (93.8%) had light infections (

Intrathecal (G4c2)149 Delivery In C9orf72-Deficient Mice Yields Mild Motor Dysfunction And Als/Ftd Pathological Hallmarks, Katelyn Russell, Amelia Shahrabi, Suleyman Akerman, Matthew D. Byrne, Jeffrey Rothstein, Davide Trotti, Brigid Jensen, Aaron Haeusler

Farber Institute for Neuroscience Faculty Papers

A repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), yet existing mouse models incompletely engage spinal regions implicated in disease. Here, an adeno-associated virus encoding (G4C2)149 repeats was delivered via neonatal intrathecal injection, achieving widespread CNS expression with robust spinal cord targeting. This approach was applied to mice with graded loss of endogenous C9orf72 to interrogate both gain- and loss-of-function mechanisms. Longitudinal motor, behavioral, and pathological analyses revealed that repeat expression primarily drives mild, progressive muscle weakness, whereas coordination deficits were largely genotype dependent. Subtle gait abnormalities and hyperactivity …

The Change Of Yield, Growth, And Fruit Quality In Rubygem Strawberry Using Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Species, Selma Kuru Berk

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which exist symbiotically with plant roots, affect plant growth, yield, and fruit quality. The effects of AMF vary depending on the cultivar and mycorrhizal type. In this study, the effects of different AMF types on the Rubygem strawberry cultivar, widely grown in Türkiye, were examined. Gigaspora margarita and Funneliformis mosseae AMF species were applied to plant roots at seedling planting. Fruit quality criteria, including yield, acidity, soluble solid content, phenolic compounds, organic acids, crown and root development, and the number of daughter plants and stolons, were examined. The highest yield was 431.02 g in G. margarita. …

Plant Extract-Enriched Mineral Beverages: Effects Of Temperature And Ultrasound Processing On Bioactive Content, Eli̇f Feyza Topdaş, İsa Arslan Karakütük, Memnune Şengül

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Functional beverages derived from herbal extracts have potential health benefits. There is a growing interest in these beverages because they are a sustainable and health-promoting alternative to conventional flavored drinks. This study aimed to produce phenolic rich mineralized herbal beverages using lyophilized purple basil, lavender, and thyme extracts at two different concentrations (2% and 4%). Changes in the physicochemical properties (pH, electrical conductivity, color, and viscosity), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assays), and individual phenolic compounds were determined for beverages stored at 4, 25, and …

Ecological Risk Assessment Of Heavy Metal-Microplastic Interactions In Agricultural Soils Irrigated With Secondary Treated Wastewater, Senar Aydin, Osman Mücevher, Arzu Ulvi̇, Fatma Bedük, Özen Merken, Ci̇han Uzun, Mehmet Emi̇n Aydin

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The increased reuse of treated wastewater (TWW) for irrigation in arid and semiarid regions raises environmental concerns regarding microplastics (MPs), specifically their capacity to adsorb and transport heavy metals. This study assesses the quantity of MPs and associated metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Co) in agricultural soils irrigated with TWW in the Konya region of Türkiye. To this end, a total of 202 soil samples were collected from TWW-irrigated (180) and nonirrigated control fields (22) at two depths (0–10 and 10–20 cm). MPs were extracted from the samples using a density separation technique, identified microscopically, and analyzed for …

Influence Of Crop Diversification On Climate Change Mitigation And Business Profitability: A Study Of The Southern Marmara Region, Türkiye, Engi̇n Tolga Önder, Nuray Demi̇r

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Crop diversification strategies are being put forward to mitigate the negative effects of climate change associated with greenhouse gas emissions, and thus to ensure sustainable food production that is resilient to climate change and to reduce the risks faced by producers. By diversifying their agricultural products producers can insure themselves against the risks associated with climate variations, disease, and pests, contributing to both continuous food production and income flow. The present study investigates the effect of climate change on enterprise income in the Yenişehir district of Bursa province – a region noted for its intensive production of vegetables and other …

The Core Microbiome Of Fluvisols From The Vistula River Valley: Relationships Between Bacteria And Basic Soil Properties, Karolina Furtak, Anna Marzec-Grządziel, Jarosław Grządziel, Jacek Niedźwiecki

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Fluvisols develop in river valleys through the accumulation of alluvial sediments. They are characterised by high fertility and are extensively used for agriculture. This study aimed to identify the core microbiome of fluvisols in the Vistula Valley and to examine its relationship with the basic physicochemical properties of the soils. Six types of fluvisol (very light, light, medium, and heavy) from four locations in Lublin province were analysed, with samples collected in 2018 and 2022. The microbiome structure was determined by sequencing the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene and was compared with soil parameters such as pH, electrical …

Multidimensional Scaling (Mds) Analysis Of Fire Blight Resistance In Apple Genotypes Selected From The Eastern Black Sea Region Of Türkiye, Kubi̇lay Kurtuluş Baştaş, Hati̇ce Dumanoğlu, Veli̇ Erdoğan, Ahmet Aygün, Rabi̇a Albayrak Deli̇ali̇oğlu, Sai̇d Efe Dost, Ümi̇t Serdar, Özgün Kalkişim, Sali̇h Maden, Zahi̇de Kocabaş

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Erwinia amylovora is the causal agent of fire blight, which is known as one of the most destructive diseases of apple. The use of fire blight-resistant cultivars/rootstocks is one of the most effective methods available to manage this disease. We previously selected 199 local apple cultivars that showed no clearly visible symptoms of fire blight on the plants from the coastline of the eastern Black Sea Region in Türkiye. The region is characterized by the highest rainfall and humidity levels in the country. In this research, young plants of these genotypes grafted onto MM.106 rootstock were screened for fire blight …

Effects Of Fenugreek And Shatavari On Vasomotor And Hormonal Balance In Ovariectomized Rats, Füsun Erten, Beşi̇r Er, Cemal Orhan, Abhijeet A. Morde, Muralidhara Padigaru, Kazi̇m Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (fenugreek, TFG) and Asparagus racemosus Willd. (shatavari, AR) have been extensively used in Ayurvedic, Unani, and traditional folk medicine to support women’s health. TFG seeds are traditionally employed as galactagogues and hormonal modulators, while AR roots are valued as rejuvenating tonics with phytoestrogenic activity, prescribed for menopausal complaints and reproductive well-being. Both plants also exhibit antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects, suggesting their potential as safe, nonhormonal alternatives to conventional hormone replacement therapy. This study investigated the dose-dependent effects of TFG and AR, administered individually or in combination, on vasomotor symptoms, hormonal balance, oxidative stress, and neuroendocrine markers in …

Derived Smoke Solution Mitigates Drought Stress In Forage Pea By Enhancing Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms, Medi̇ne Çopur Doğrusöz

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was conducted to enhance plant resilience against drought stress, a major threat to agricultural production, by utilizing an eco-friendly application derived from agricultural waste. We investigated the protective effect of a smoke solution, derived from poppy harvest residues, on the biometric and biochemical parameters of two forage pea (Pisum sativum spp. arvense L.) varieties (GAP Pembesi and Özkaynak). Seeds were primed with 1% and 10% smoke solutions and grown under three distinct conditions: normal irrigation (control), moderate drought, and severe drought. Parameters including biometric traits, chlorophyll pigments, secondary metabolites, and antioxidant enzyme activities were analyzed. The smoke solution …

Operationally Ready Vs Gym Ready: Training For The Real Demands Of Tactical Work, Ben Jacobs

Tactical & Occupational Performance Conference

Tactical organizations are increasingly recognizing that readiness extends beyond fitness alone. Structured performance systems that integrate training, recovery, nutrition, and fatigue management can help departments improve resilience, reduce injuries, and sustain operational capability over an entire career.

Session's revolve around the concept of Tactical Readiness Architecture, a systems-based framework designed to help departments build structured, sustainable performance support for their personnel. Rather than focusing solely on workouts or individual habits, Tactical Readiness Architecture integrates training, recovery, nutrition, fatigue management, and data-informed monitoring into a cohesive readiness model.

Processing Mechanism And Efficacy Maintenance Strategy Of Ginseng Active Ingredients Based On Spectroscopy Technology, Yang Hantong, Kong Linghui, Jiang Mengmeng, Wang Yingxiu, Li Xiangguo

Food and Machinery

Ginseng, as a medicinal and edible plant, has ginsenosides as its core active components, which are widely applied due to their physiological functions such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities; however, their structures and activities are easily affected by food processing. During processing steps such as cleaning, steaming/boiling, and fermentation, temperature, pH, and microbial enzyme systems alter the types, contents, and stability of active components through reactions such as hydrolysis and oxidation. The intrinsic linkage mechanism of "component transformation-activity-bioavailability" constitutes a core focus and challenge in current research. This study, based on spectroscopic techniques including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), nuclear magnetic …

Rapid Determination And Uncertainty Evaluation Of Vitamins A , D 3, And E Content In Cereal-Based Complementary Foods For Infants And Young Children By Online Solid Phase Extraction-Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography, Long Qiang, Zhao Tao, Xiao Mei, Wu Haizhi, Zhou Fan, Dai Zhiyong

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To establish a rapid determination method for vitamin A, D3, and E content in cereal-based complementary foods for infants and young children by online solid phase extraction -two-dimensional liquid chromatography simultaneously.［Methods］ Sample saponification solution is purified by online solid -phase extraction. Then, vitamin A and E are separated and detected by the first -dimension chromatography, while vitamin D3 is preliminarily separated in the first dimension and then transferred to the second -dimension chromatography for further separation and detection, with all quantification achieved by the external standard method.［Results］］ Vitamin A,D3,and E exhibit a good linearity in the concentration ranges, with …

Determination Of Eight Fungicide Residues In Eggs By Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled With Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Liang Jun, Chen Xiong, Wang Yu, Qu Zihao, Zhang Wei, Li Qing

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To establish an analytical method for the determination of residues of eight fungicides ametoctradin, triadimefon,triadimenol, flutriafol, mandipropamid, penthiopyrad, isopyrazam, and prochloraz ) in eggs by solid -phase extraction (SPE) coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS ).［Methods］ The samples are ultrasonically extracted with acetonitrile. The extracts are purified using ProElut DPC solid -phase extraction cartridges. The purified eluate is concentrated under reduced pressure and reconstituted with acetonitrile.Chromatographic separation is performed on a Kinetex C18 column (2.6 μm,2.1 mm ×100 mm ) with gradient elution using 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile as the mobile phase. Detection is carried …

Rapid Geographical Origin Identification Of Amomum Villosum Using Electronic Nose And Electronic Tongue Technologies, Zheng Meijuan, Wang Xiaoping, Wang Jing

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To develop a rapid method for identifying the geographical origin of Amomum villosum based on intelligent sensory technology.［Methods］ Amomum villosum samples from four origins:Yangchun (Guangdong), Changtai (Fujian), Chengmai (Hainan), and Xishuangbanna (Yunnan),are used as the research materials. A PEN 3 electronic nose and a TS -5000 Z electronic tongue are employed to collect their aroma and taste profiles, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA),linear discriminant analysis (LDA),and sensor loading analysis are applied to discriminate samples from different origins.［Results］ The response values of the 10 electronic nose sensors vary significantly, among which the W 5S sensor, sensitive to nitrogen oxides, exhibits …

A Rapid Quality Inspection Method For Refrigerated Fish Based On Improved Plsr-Yolov 13, Wu Xia, Tian Erlin, Wang Qifeng, Zhu Cong

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To effectively solve the problems of complex operation, long time consumption, insufficient accuracy, and difficulty in balancing speed and accuracy in existing quality inspection methods for refrigerated fish.［Methods］ On the basis of a food quality inspection system that integrates multiple detection technologies, a rapid quality inspection method for refrigerated fish that combines hyperspectral data and machine vision is constructed. The hyperspectral imaging technology is employed to collect spectral data of refrigerated fish, and the data are preprocessed and input into an improved partial least squares regression model to achieve accurate determination of total volatile basic nitrogen content, and then …

Effects Of Wrinkled Pea Meal Replacement Powder On Glucose And Lipid Metabolism Disorders And Gut Microbiota In Mice, Cui Yajun, Hong Lingyu, Zhou Sumei, He Yuhua, Yao Yang, Hou Dianzhi

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To investigate the effects of wrinkled pea meal replacement powder on glucose and lipid metabolism disorders and gut microbiota.［Methods］ A 12-week intervention experiment was conducted using a high-fat diet-fed mouse model. Changes in key indicators,including mouse phenotypes,blood biochemical parameters, histopathology, and gut microbial composition, were systematically monitored.［Results］ Wrinkled pea meal replacement powder significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, area under the blood glucose curve, and serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in high-fat-fed mice (P<0.05). It effectively alleviated hepatic steatosis, reduced serum alanine aminotransferase levels (P<0.05), and significantly mitigated hepatocyte damage. Additionally, consumption of wrinkled pea meal replacement powder significantly regulated gut microecological imbalance induced by a high-fat diet, increased gut microbial richness, decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, including norank_f_ Muribaculaceae, norank_o_ Clostridia _UCG- 014, and Bifidobacterium.［Conclusion］ Wrinkled pea meal replacement powder has potential application value in improving glucose and lipid metabolism and regulating gut health.

Effects Of Gardenia Extract On Body Weight And Intestinal Mucosal Microbiota In Obese Mice, Liu Qin, Deng Na, Zhou Mengsi, Tan Zhoujin

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To explore the effects of gardenia extract on intestinal mucosal microbiota and body weight in mice fed a high -fat diet, and to explore the microecological mechanism of gardenia extract in obese mice.［Methods］ The potential mechanism of gardenia extract in treating obesity is predicted by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. Additionally, 24 SPF C 57BL/6 male mice are randomly assigned into a blank group (8 mice ) and a model group (16 mice ). The model group receives a high-fat diet for 12 weeks, while the blank group receives an ordinary diet. After modeling, 12 successfully modeled mice …

Effect Of Garlic Paste Addition On Volatile Flavor Substances In Crayfish Tails, Tu Jianqiu, Fu Wenjun, Yang Xiaocong, Jing Lixiang, Zhu Jing, Li Jianfang

Food and Machinery

［Objective］ To investigate the effect of garlic paste addition on volatile flavor substances and color attributes of crayfish tails, and provide a theoretical basis for flavor standardization in industrial production.［Methods］ This paper adopts gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS ) combined with colorimetric analysis to study the characteristics of volatile components and color parameters (L*,a*,b* values ) of crayfish tails under garlic paste additions of 0%,4.4%,8.8%,13.2%,17.6%,and 22.0%. Principal component analysis (PCA ) is applied to analyze flavor differences.［Results］ Colorimetric analysis reveals that garlic paste addition significantly decreases L* from 45.69 to 34.50 and b* from 39.24 to 29.94 (P<0.05), while a* values show a significant difference under the garlic paste addition of more than 13.2% (P<0.05). A total of 53 volatile substances are identified by GC-IMS, and their total content increases gradually with the rising garlic paste addition (highest value in the 22% group at 18 749 and lowest value in the control group at 10 758). Camphene, 2-ethylbutanoic acid, 2-methylbutyl acetate, allyl isothiocyanate, and heptanal are identified as intrinsic flavor markers of crayfish meat. Key contributors to flavor include camphene, 1-heptanol, 3-pentenenitrile, 2,3-pentanedione, diacetyl, and isopropanol. PCA shows that the 13.2%~17.6% group exhibits significantly different flavor characteristics from other groups (PC1 contribution rate of 76%).［Conclusion］ Under the garlic paste addition of 8.8%~13.2%, the optimal balance between flavor and color attributes is achieved, while excessive addition of more than 17.6% results in aldehyde overaccumulation and accelerated browning.

Effects Of Thermal Processing Methods On Flavor Quality Of Fish Meat And Differential Formation Mechanisms : A Review, Zou Wanghua, Hou Xiaoyi, Liu Miao, Deng Na, Ni Panxianzhi, Li Hui, Fu Haohua, Wang Jianhui

Food and Machinery

Thermal processing is the most commonly used technique for fish products. Different thermal processing techniques vary in the degree of lipid oxidation, protein degradation, and Maillard reaction, as well as the synergy among these reactions, thereby differentially affecting flavor. Focusing on four typical thermal processing methods, steaming, boiling, frying, and roasting, this paper reviews the flavor change patterns in various types of fish products under different thermal processing conditions. Moreover, from the perspective of the synergy among lipid oxidation and decomposition, protein degradation, and the Maillard reaction, this paper systematically elucidates the formation mechanisms underlying the flavor substance enrichment and …