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The Granny Smith, Frank Melville

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

MOST of the commercial apples grown throughout the world today have originated as chance seedlings and commercialised by observant nurserymen or fruit growers.

Many Tasmanian varieties were established this way—the Sturma, Democrat and Crofton.

But the seedling which has had the greatest impact on apple growing in Australia is the Granny Smith and its rise to fame is an interesting story.

Swine Erysipelas : A Newly Reported Disease Of Pigs In Western Australia, M R. Gardiner

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

RECORDED in Western Australia for the first time last year, swine erysipelas is a potential menace to the pig raising industry.

This preliminary description is given to help farmers recognise its occurrence. I t is not known how widespread the disease might be, and farmers' co-operation is needed to estimate its extent.

Any suspected cases should be reported without delay.

Chemical Poisoning In Animals. 3. Prussic Acid, H D. Seddon

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

HYDROCYANIC or prussic acid poisoning is a serious and not uncommon ailment of ruminants, and may be a cause of rapid death when pasture plants capable of developing dangerous levels of the poison are being grazed.

Is Your Water Supply Safe?, D C. Mickle

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THERE can be no doubt in anyone's mind that the need for a clean, safe and adequate water supply is essential for the production of high quality milk and cream.

It naturally follows, that, even though every possible care has been taken in an endeavour to produce clean, germ-free milk and cream, contamination by bad water can render these efforts void.

Poisoning Rabbits From The Air, C D. Gooding

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

AERIAL baiting gives spectacular kills of rabbits in country which cannot be effectively treated by conventional means, and has been widely adopted in New Zealand and other States in Australia.

Here Mr. Gooding reports on developments in aerial baiting in Victoria, and suggests practical applications in Western Australia.

Notes On The Vertebrate-Collection In The Department Of Biology, Southern Methodist University, William B. Stallcup

Journal of the Graduate Research Center

Several years ago, it became obvious that any sort of work with vertebrates undertaken at Southern Methodist University would require some sort of permanent collections serving as a basis for study. It was apparent, also, that collections of this sort would be useful in other ways to the community in general: to groups interested in nature study and conservation, to Scout groups, and to other educational organizations. The Dallas Museum of Natural History is an excellent museum from the standpoint of display of larger mammals and birds in their natural habitats, and it also houses a fine study-collection of birds …

Avoid Losses From Poison Plants, Robert Dunlop Royce

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

E VERY country in the world has its poisonous plant problems, but in Western Australia we have more than our share.

Farmers in "Poison" districts can avoid serious stock losses if they can recognise dangerous poison plants, and have a knowledge of how the concentrations of toxic substances in these plants change with the seasons.

In this article, R. D. Royce, Officer in Charge of the Botany Branch, outlines the principles involved.

Feeding For Egg Yolk Colour, P Smetana

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

ON July 3, 1961, the Western Australian Egg Marketing Board commenced paying a bonus to producers for yolk colour.

This is an extremely important step in the marketing of eggs and should have a widespread beneficial effect on the poultry industry of this State.

Automatic Waterers For Day Old Chickens, P Smetana, W. Ward

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

ONE of the most tedious and time consuming tasks on a poultry farm is the provision of water to chicks from day old up to the age of three or four weeks.

Most poultry farmers use half-gallon glass fonts with metal bases for the first few weeks, until the chicks are old enough to use the automatic watering system usually situated along one wall of the brooder house.

This cumbersome glass font system can be replaced by the cheap and easily installed automatic watering system described below. This system has already been adopted by several local poultry farmers.

Potassium Deficiency In Medium Rainfall Areas, William John Toms

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

IT is well known that potassic fertilisers must be used for the successful growth of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) on many soils in the higher rainfall districts of Western Australia.

Recent investigations have shown that some soils in medium rainfall districts are also too low in potassium to grow healthy subterranean clover pastures.

Let's Look At Dairying, Maurice C. Cullity

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

FOR several years there has been a lot of gloomy forebodings about the future of the dairying industry.

It has been said that there is a drift from dairying; the industry is declining; or even that it is finished.

The Open Range System Of Pig Farming, S R. Dunstan

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THERE are several satisfactory systems which can be employed in planning a piggery, but under West Australian conditions, the paddock system has much to commend it.

Grazing admits an animal to the healthy influences of sunlight and stimulates exercise. The digestive processes of the pig are also stimulated and this helps to bring about more efficient utilisation of the feed.

Correspondence About "Evolutionary Relationships Among The North American Mallards", Allan R. Phillips, Paul A. Johnsgard

Papers in Ornithology

The confusing leading article of the 1961 Auk calls for comment. Despite his title, "Evolutionary Relationships among the North American Mallards," the author discusses primarily geographic distributions, population sizes, egg-white proteins( !), and certain behavioral patterns. Maps are based on ". . . the literature, personal communications, and the major United States collections," " . and from additional sight and specimen records available to me"; yet only two museums other than Cornell University are mentioned in the acknowledgments. These maps show many records of platyrhynchos far to the south; sometimes (Figure 1) the reader must search hard for any hint …

Incubation, R V. Vagg

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

TH E artificial incubation of eggs is not a recent innovation. For many centuries, some species of birds—our mallee-hen being a typical example—have hatched out their eggs by the heat generated in mounds of decaying vegetation.Furthermore, they have shown considerable skill in maintaining the mounds at uniform temperatures throughout the hatching period.

A number of reptiles employ similar methods to hatch their eggs, although in these instances there does not seem to be the same need for carefully-controlled temperatures

Growing Vegetables In South Dakota, Paul Prashar, Dean M. Martin

SDSU Extension Circulars

Many South Dakota families have saved as much as $200 to $300 on the family food bill by raising a good garden planned to meet their needs. Gardening provides a useful, profitable form of recreation for the entire family. In addition fresh vegetables are readily available and supply important amounts of certain essential vitamins and minerals. Vegetables picked and used fresh from the garden are superior to those that have lost quality through delay in getting from the grower to the consumer or from being picked before they are ripe. Preservation and storage make it possible to have some home …

The Social System Of The Dakota Indians, Vernon D. Malan

SDSU Extension Circulars

This study deals with the culture of the Dakota Indian as a basis for devising more effective Extension educational programs that are adapted to their values, attitudes, behavior patterns, and beliefs. Extension experience indicates a need for similar studies in other countries. The same teaching methods and motivational appeals to adapt new practices, accept new ideas and ways of living that have proven so effective in bringing about change in the dominant Anglo-Saxon rural population have been less successful among the Indian people even though significant progress is being made . This poses the question "Why?" Undoubtedly, there are many …

Principles Of Record Of Performance In Beef Cattle, K. E. Gregory, R. M. Koch, L. N. Hazel, D. Chambers

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars

This publication provides a summary of the basic principles that should be considered in Record of Performance Programs with beef cattle. These principles are based on the results of research being conducted under Regional Project NC-1 as interpreted by the research personnel who participate in this effort.

An Improved Method Of Utilising Strychine In The Preparation Of Dingo And Fox Baits, L A. Harrison

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

AT present dingo and fox baits are made from fat or other material attractive to the animal to be poisoned, into which is inserted either alkaloid or soluble strychnine.

Block And Bridle, Annual 1961

Block and Bridle Annual (1933–2021)

Contents:

Harry M. Kanbe
Dedication
Picture of Club Members
Roster of Members and Club Officers
Block and Bridle Club Advisor
Animal Husbandry Faculty
Sample Minutes
Financial statement
Committee assignments
Merit Trophy Award
Honorary Membership Award
Calendar of Events
Initiation
Feed and Nutrition Conference
Purebred Bred Ewe Sale Holiday Ham Sale
Block and Bridle Social
Block and Bridle Club Jackets
Block and Bridle Club Tour
Intracollegiate Judging Contest
Feeders day
Honors banquet
Science In Agriculture Day
Quarterhorse Show and Clinic
Quarterhorse Show Booth
Election of Officers
Senior Livestock Judging Team
Junior Livestock Judging Team
Meats Judging Team

The Taxonomy Of The Anatidae—A Behavioural Analysis, Paul A. Johnsgard

Paul Johnsgard Collection

Delacour & Mayr's (1945) classic revision of the Anatidae took waterfowl behaviour into account to a much larger degree than had any previous classifications of the group. However, their utilization of behaviour was primarily at the tribal and generic levels, and no real attempt was made to use behaviour for determining intrageneric relationships. Thus far only Lorenz (1941, 1951-1953) has seriously attempteq this with waterfowl, and his analysis of the relationships within the genus Anas (sensu Delacour & Mayr) has provided a remarkable insight into the evolution of this group. I have attempted to expand Lorenz's behavioural delineation of relationships …

Cheese : As I Know It, E W H Maslin

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

IT is probable that cheese was made accidentally in the first instance, by the carrying of milk in the stomachs of animals, when the milk clotting enzymes of the stomach converted the liquid milk into a junket or a solid mass.

Fossils And Farmers. 2. The Ice Age, D Merrilees

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

What did the giant Australian marsupials of the "Ice Age" look like?

Fossil remains found by farmers could help reconstruct them, as well as giving some idea of conditions on the Australian continent at that time, says D. Merrilees, B.Sc, acting Curator of Palaeontology at the West Australian Museum.

Fleece Weight : The Best Culling Guide, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Flock owners' thoughts are now turning towards culling.

Culling should remove the worst sheep and keep the best to fill the bales and breed replacements.

A valuable aid to this annual task is Culling by Fleece Weight during shearing

The Feeding Of Pigs In The Wheatbelt, S R. Dunstan

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

ONE of the biggest costs in pig-meat production is feeding, and it is of vital importance for the farmer to understand what presents a balanced and economic ration, in order that he can take steps to achieve maximum efficiency.

Vitamins And Their Relationship To Animal Health, J Shilkin

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

NUTRITIONAL problems are assuming more and more importance in stock as the years progress and while much stress is sometimes placed on the role of vitamins in nutrition, one should not lose sight of the fact that they are only part of a balanced ration which should include other constituents, such as proteins, carbohydrates and fats in suitable proportions.

Citrus Growing In The Home Garden, Frank Melville

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

ALTHOUGH well suited to our climate, citrus trees do not always thrive in the metropolitan area because of the unsuitable soil conditions in some suburbs.

Lemons can usually be grown successfully and grapefruit are worth persevering with, but oranges and mandarins are better suited to the loamy soils of the Gosnells, Guildford and Hills districts.

Factors In Weed Propagation, G R W Meadly

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

I N crop and pasture plants, seed production and harvesting are of vital impartance.

In a negative way, the formation of seeds by weeds can be equally important.

Baconer Carcase Competitions, H G. Elliott, S. R. Dunstan

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

TO further the implementation of its policy to foster the production of high quality bacon, the Australian Meat Board in 1960 again conducted for pig growers in Western Australia, its annual Baconer Carcase Competition.

The Use Of Lime In Market Gardens, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE term "lime" when used in relation to agriculture means any calcium containing material that is capable of correcting soil acidity.

While generally used for this purpose, lime has many other equally important functions in the soil.

Can Worms Be Controlled By Correct Feeding?, Laurence C. Snook

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE extensive losses which result from the ravages of internal parasites are a matter of serious concern.

Livestock owners realise this all too well and welcome advice concerning control measures which can be adopted. Unfortunately, it is not possible to give clear cut advice on the subject.

Much publicity is given to the use of drugs which will expel the worms. Various systems of strategic drenching have been developed.

It is well to remember, however, that drenching is only one of many methods which can be used to control worm infestation.

In this talk attention will be concentrated on experimental …