Digital Commons Network^™

Interrelationships Between Benthic Macroinvertebrates And Habitat In A Mountain Stream, John M. Payne

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A study to determine habitat differences of benthic macroinvertebrates was conducted on the upper Strawberry River, Utah. The investigation was part of a large scale project to determine minimum stream flow requirements for trout. The effects of time, habitat, depth and velocity on the distribution of benthic fauna were evaluated.

Samples of benthic invertebrates (146 total) were collected every 2 months at 8 stations on the river from November, 1975 through August, 1976. Representatives of 59 taxa were collected. Eight taxa comprised 90 percent of the mean annual community standing crop in numbers. Biomass was not dominated by any group …

Spectral Signature Studies For Application In Deer Census Using Remote Sensing Techniques, Maran C. Pate

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was performed to determine the spectral signatures of deer and their natural background elements for censusing purposes. Consideration was given to atmospheric transmittance, acceptable flying weather, and terrain. Possible spectral bands between 0.3 and 14.0 μm were obtained (over a pathlength of 1500 feet at an altitude of 5000 feet) based upon atmospheric transmittance using the LOWTRAN 3B computer program. They are: 0.30 - 1.33, 1.49 - 1.79, 2.00 - 2.50, 3.00 - 3.16, 3.38 - 4.10, 4.59 - 5.05, and 8.00 - 13.33 μm, for transmittance greater than 75%. Weather conditions are favorable for flying and taking …

Effects Of Forage Availability On Voluntary Intake And Feeding Behavior Of Grazing Heifers, Anastasios S. Nastis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Forage intake by animals is an important factor in determining production of livestock products from rangelands. However, relatively little is known of effects of such forage variables as availability and distribution in space upon intake. Even less is known about how the grazing animal modifies its feeding tactics when confronted with diminishing or limited supplies of available forage and how such altered behavior may affect the animal's energetic cost for existence. Forage intake, body weight gain, grazing time and biting rate of Angus heifers was related to forage availability and plant height on semiarid crested wheatgrass rangeland during the late …

Turbidity - Suspended Sediment Relations In A Subalpine Watershed, Thomas A. Holstrom

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effect of particle size distribution of suspended sediment vii upon a turbidity reading at a known concentration has been relatively quantified for stream bank materials on the Moccasin Basin - North Fork Fish Creek (MB-NFFC) Watershed, located in northwestern Wyoming. As expected, an increase in the median particle size in suspension results in a decrease of turbidity at a given concentration. The relationship derived correlates the particle size distribution of a chemically dispersed stream-bank material sample, with the Coefficient of Fineness for a mechanically dispersed portion of the sample.

Two Basic Methodological Choices In Wildland Vegetation Inventories: Their Consequences And Implications, Donald Alan Shute

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In designing inventories of wildland vegetation, two of the many basic methodological choices are: 1) whether data are collected, reduced, and stored in discrete classes or as continuous variables, and 2) whether data are gathered as general purpose variables to bear upon many questions, or as specific purpose variables optimized for only one type of prediction. The effects of these two choices on accuracy of vegetation inventories to predict plant community production were examined by comparing regression models built upon differing sets of independent variables "inventoried" from a common data base. Contrary to expectations, discrete variables of classified community types …

Volume 3, Number 4 (April 1979), The Otec Liaison

The OTEC Liaison

No abstract provided.

"The Global Hope Is Around": An Incident At Salem Sound, K. W. Mathews

Marine Affairs Theses and Major Papers

On February 6, 1978, in the midst of the worst blizzard to hit the Northeast in 100 years, the 682-foot Greek tanker GLOBAL HOPE with more than 340,000 gallons of oil aboard, dragged her anchor and grounded in Salem Sound, Massachusetts, about 15 miles from downtown Boston. An estimated 83,000 gallons of oil escaped the stricken vessel to be deposited on two of the most historic and picturesque coastlines of Massachusetts. Some 2.4 million dollars were expended from the federal pollution fund in cleanup efforts. This paper relates the chronology of events and examines peculiar problems, planning, and response activities …

Study Of Cumulative Growth-Inhibiting Factors In Recycled Water For Catfish Cultivation, R. W. Raible

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

Channel catfish were grown in tanks with integral biological filters and complete recirculation of water. After the fish had resided in the tanks for 120 days, solvent extraction was performed on a portion of the tank water. Fresh pond-raised specimen channel catfish showed decreases in their heartbeat rates of about 20 percent when exposed to the extract. This metabolic disturbance is thought to be a factor in reducing the growth rate of fish held in close confinement in recirculating systems.

Bulletin 3992 - Nitrogenous Fertilisers For Cereal Production, M. G. Mason

Bulletins - 3000 - 3999

Because fertiliser prices continue to rise, it is becoming increasingly important to understand what affects the response to fertilisers by crops.

Among the many factors influencing crop response to nitrogen applications, the most important are the season, soil type, paddock history, time of application and source of nitrogen. Before deciding whether to use nitrogen on a cereal crop, which source to use and at what rate, the farmer needs some understanding of how these factors work.

Changing Fields: Agricultural Land Use Changes In Nebraska 1925-1974, Donald A. Wilhite

National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

The series of graphs and maps which follow illustrate agricultural land use changes in Nebraska from 1925 to 1974. With these graphs and maps, the major agronomic crops of corn (dryland and irrigated), wheat, sorghum and soybeans are analyzed. The purpose of this analysis is to provide a pictorial history of Nebraska's ever-changing cropping system and, hopefully, to stimulate ideas and discussion with regard to trends and future directions. The Nebraska Water Resources Center is deeply interested in both the past and the future of Nebraska's agriculture because of the demands which agriculture places on the state's water resources. An …

Environmental Aspects Of The Nuclear Fuel Cycle And High-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal, Robert S. Kent

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

An assessment of the environmental effects of the nuclear fuel cycle industries is discussed, reactor waste inventory and standards are presented, and the alternatives for high-level radioactive waste disposal reviewed, with particular attention being given to disposal in deep geological formations on land. One of the major concerns regarding potential impacts of the nuclear fuel cycle industries is the lack of a definite and proven method of disposal of the high-level radioactive wastes from light water moderated reactors. The problem is expected to become more pressing as the nuclear power industry and the associated radioactive waste inventories grow in the …

A Gering Formation (Miocene) Pumice Conglomerate And Associated Beds From Broadwater, Nebraska, Robert F. Diffendal Jr.

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

The Mitchell Pass Member of the Gering Formation was defined by Vondra, Schultz, and Stout in 1969 on the basis of exposures in the Wildcat Ridge area of western Nebraska. The basal part of the member in many areas of Wildcat Ridge is a pumice-pebble conglomerate bed. A newly discovered pumice-pebble conglomerate locality occurs north of Broadwater, Nebraska, some twenty miles east of the easternmost previously reported exposure of the pumice conglomerate at Redington Gap on Wildcat Ridge. Pumice samples from Redington Gap and Broadwater have the same index of refraction and similar inclusions. Beds above the conglomerate and below …

Volume 3, Number 3 (March 1979), The Otec Liaison

The OTEC Liaison

No abstract provided.

The Prairie Naturalist Vol. 11, No. 1. March, 1979

The Prairie Naturalist

ORIN ALVA STEVENS, A PRAIRIE NATURALIST ▪ G. Monson

FIRST RECORD OF LONG-TAILED JAEGER FOR NORTH DAKOTA ▪ T. Gatz and D. Treasure

NEW RECORDS OF THE DWARF SHREW (SOREX NANUS) IN SOUTH DAKOTA ▪ R. J. Cinq-Mars, R. S. Hoffmann and J. K. Jones, Jr.

THE ETHYLENE FROM BURNING LIGNITE AS A PROBABLE CAUSE OF COLUMNARITY IN NORTH DAKOTA JUNIPERS ▪ J. M. Murphy and D. J. Holden

CAMOUFLAGED COYOTE DEN ENTRANCES ▪ D. P. Althoff

CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNTS FOR NORTH DAKOTA - 1978 ▪ R.N. Randall

NOTES

An Upland Nest of the Virginia Rail in North …

Water Current, Volume 11, No. 2, March/April 1979

Water Current Newsletter

From the Desk of the Director
Grantstmanship Training Program
High Plains - Ogallala Aquifer Study
Drought Management Strategies Workshop
IWCC Formation Announced
Missouri River Basin Commission Study
Army Corps of Engineers Study
Reorganization of Natural Resources Announced
WRC Releases Second National Water Assessment
Dan Beard Speaks on Water Policy at ASCE Houston Meeting Luncheon
Viessman Highlights Policies Faced by 96th Congress
Research Review: Pollution of Irrigation Reuse Water by Plant Pathogens

An Objective Forecast Method Developed For Lake Ontario Induced Snowfall Systems, K. F. Dewey

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

A research effort was initiated in 1976 to develop an objective lake-effect snowfall forecast model for each of the Great Lakes. It is the purpose of this paper to present the development and evaluation of the forecast method which was created for the Lake Ontario induced snowfall systems. All Lake Ontario lake-effect days were identified for a 10-yead period prior to the 1976 snowfall season. Upper air surface observations were combined with overlake data for these lake-effect periods. The dominant predictors were derived through the diagnostic ability of stepwise multiple discriminant analysis. The final product of this research effort was …

The Status Of The Endrin Rpar, Kyle R. Barbehenn

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

The Agency's "Preliminary Determination" published in the Federal Register on November 2, 1978 proposed that the use of endrin to control voles in apple orchards be continued providing that several modifications in the label be made. What I would like to discuss briefly are (1) some of the bases for the decision, (2), one of the new requirements, and (3) comments received from the Office of Endangered Species, U.S. Fish and Wildlife service.

Impacts Of Amended Pesticide Statutes On Requirements For Registration Of Products For The Control Of Voles In Orchards, William W. Jacobs, Raymond W. Matheny

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) has recently been amended by the passage of The Federal Pesticide Act of 1978 (Public Law 95-396, passed September 30, 1978). While many aspects of the FIFRA have been amended, the changes of most immediate relevance to those interested in developing data in support of products used in the control of orchard voles are the authorities given the EPA Administrator to grant conditional registrations and to waive efficacy data requirements.

The Vole Control Program That Is Too Expensive, John E. Crumpacker

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

We have had some success for the past two years in controlling voles on a commercial scale at our orchards in Virginia. For years, vole control would vary from not acceptable to marginal control using various cultural methods and using ground sprays, such as Endrin and Chlorophacinone.

Preliminary Results Of Two Research Projects In New York, Jonathan Bart, Milo E. Richmond

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

In the fall of 1977, New York fruit growers in the state's Hudson Valley region were given a temporary permit to use endrin in an effort to curb an increasing vole damage problem. The approval of endrin for this use was the first such large scale release of a chemical in this class since the banning in 1971 of most chlorinated hydrocarbons in this state. With approval for limited use came the obligation to monitor the Hudson Valley region for 1) efficacy of the material, 2) non-target effects on aquatic and terrestrial wildlife and 3) persistence in the orchard environment. …

Results Of Pine Vole Control Studies In 1978, Ross E. Byers

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Broadcast treatments of a number of anticoagulant baits were found to be effective for the control of pine voles in orchards. Rates necessary for good control were: Volak - 15 lbs/A; Bromodiolone 15 lbs/A; Rozol - 20 lbs/A; two applications of Ramik-Brown - 20 lbs/A each. At least 3 days of good weather appeared to be required for good vole control. Cellophane packeted baits of Volak placed at each tree in vole runways under cinder blocks gave excellent control. Bait remained in excellent condition for long periods of time or until opened by voles. An electromagnetic device was evaluated for …

Impact Of Spacing Behavior And Predation On Population Growth In Meadow Voles, Dale M. Madison

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Free-ranging, sexually mature meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) were tracked using radiotelemetry from June through August 1974, 1975 and 1978. Up to 20 voles were monitored concurrently to derive estimates of intraspecific spacing and natural predation in an effort to clarify processes involved in the limitation of population growth. The daily ranges of the males, as compared to those of the females, were larger, more variable in size, and changed location more from one day to the next. Adult females usually maintained territories free of other females; males overlapped considerably among themselves. Males temporarily moved into the areas occupied by estrous …

Embryo Rejection In The Pine Vole, Kenneth J. Marks, Margaret Horsfall Schadler

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

When a pregnant pine vole is placed in a cage with a strange (unfamiliar) male, one that did not cause her pregnancy, this female goes into "heat", indicating she has rejected the embryos she was carrying. This pine vole can later be impregnated by the strange, or second male. This phenomenon of pregnancy termination, called the "Bruce effect", was first noticed by Hilda Bruce, who saw it occur in labratory mice. Many investigators have noted it in a variety of labratory mice, deer mice, and other species of voles. We set out to see if the Bruce effect was reproducible …

Vole Management Studies-1978, Jay Mcaninch

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Earlier studies at the Cary Arboretum (McAninch, 1978) have described mowing and general cultural management practices as key elements in vole management programs. During the 1978 growing season, studies were initiated to quantify several soil parameters and vegetative elements in fruit orchards and correlate these characteristics to the distribution and abundance of vole populations. Although a great deal of additional orchard-vole data has been generated, only the associations described above will be discussed in this paper.

Orchard Vole Research In New York, Milo Richmond, Jonathan Bart, John Hochstein, Barbara Hiaasen

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

In this paper we 1) review briefly the rodent damage problem in New York orchards, 2) discuss aspects of the basic biology of pine voles (Pitymys pinetorum) and meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) that might be used to advantage in designing new control techniques, and 3) describe field experiments now in progress.

Dynamics Of A Pine Vole Population In A Pennsylvania Orchard, D. A. Simpson, R. G. Anthony, G. M. Kelly, G. L. Storm

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Because of the lack of long-term studies on the population dynamics of pine voles in Pennsylvania orchards, a study intended to collect various population parameters was initiated in Adams County in November 1973 and continued until November 1977. Two orchards, 0.3 km apart, were chosen for study. Pine voles in Orchard A were live-trapped, and those in Orchard B were snap-trapped. Population density estimates were determined from capture-recapture data from Orchard A, and information on age structure, reproduction, and physical condition were recorded from necropsied voles from Orchard B. Both orchards were maintained and treated by orchard personnel with Endrin …

Cost Of Controlling Pine Voles By Different Methods, William T. Sullivan Jr.

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

A question often raised by apple growers, researchers, and agencies is "What does it cost on a per-acre basis to control pine and meadow voles?". In most cases this question refers to the methods and techniques presently known. At the Second Pine and Meadow Vole Symposium we described a new long-term study (Sullivan and Hayne 1978). This study provides answers to some of these basic cost questions. This year I am presenting some cost figures for the 1977 and 1978 seasons, recorded in treating the orchards in the study described at Beltsville. The efficacy of the treatments in controlling voles …

Pine Vole Control 1978-1979 Experiment, Roger S. Young

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

An experiment was established to evaluate the following methods of toxicant application: 1. A 25 ft. band broadcast ground application with Lely Spreader. 2. A 25 ft. band broadcast aircraft application with Grumman Ag-Cat. 3. Hand placement in runways. 4. Hand placement in plastic tube bait stations (' Mouse-ateria'). The following toxicants and application rates were desired: 1. Brodifacoum (Volak) applied at 10.0 lb./A. 2. Diphacinone (Ramik-Brown) applied at 10.0 lb. and 20.0 lb./A broadcast and 10.0 lb./A hand placement with one repeat application.

Vole Control With Volak Rodenticide, Dale E. Kaukeinen

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Field trials with VOLAK rodenticide containing 50 ppm brodifacoum have been conducted in eight states and against four vole species during 1977-78. Hand baiting at 5-10 lb/A and broadcast applications at 10-20 lb/A gave more effective control than other products tested in most cases.

New Commitment By Chempar Chemical Co., S. Pitchon

Eastern Pine and Meadow Vole Symposia

Since our last meeting, many exciting changes have taken place within CHEMPAR CHEMICAL. Usually, with changes of any kind, there are positive and negative results which follow. Fortunately, we are pleased to report that we are quite optimistic about this change.