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Study Of The Heating And Ignition Of Metal Powder By Electrostatic Discharge, Ervin Beloni

Dissertations

The objective of this work was to understand the processes that lead to ESD stimulated ignition events in metal powders. Several metals were studied: Mg, Al, and Ti. A commercially available ESD test device was adapted for the present experiments. The ESD current and voltage were measured using inductance coils; the data were used to determine the electric circuit impedance, and energy transferred to the powder. A mode of the powder ignition (individual particles vs. dust cloud), ignition delays, burn times, and velocities of ignited and ejected particles were determined from optical measurements.

It was determined that the ESD energy …

A Study Of The New York / New Jersey Coastal Water : Bio-Optical Characteristics Of The Harbor Estuary And The Effects Of Heavy Metals On Brown Tide Alga Of The Bight, Bin Wang

Dissertations

The New York / New Jersey (NY/NJ) coastal area is one of the most productive regions around the world and a major natural and scenic resource for New York and New Jersey. As a result of excessive nutrient loading in the water, algal blooms have been observed since 1950’s. The NY/NJ coastal area includes the NY/NJ Bight and the NY/NJ Harbor Estuary, and in the former, brown tides (Aureococcus anophagefferens) were first observed in 1985 becoming a more serious water quality problem over the last 25 years. The influence of micronutrients, namely trace metals, on A. anophagefferens that are widespread …

Dissolution Testing Of Prednisone And Salicylic Acid Calibrator Tablets At Different Tablet Locations, Anandhavalavan Arulmozhi

Theses

Dissolution testing is routinely carried out in the pharmaceutical industry to determine the rate of dissolution of solid dosage forms. This test is one of the several tests that pharmaceutical companies typically conduct on oral dosage formulations (e.g., tablets) to determine compliance. The USP Dissolution Testing Apparatus 2 is the most common of the apparatuses listed in the USP. However, it has been shown previously that the dissolution profile of a tablet undergoing dissolution in the USP Dissolution Apparatus 2 can be affected by the tablet location in the apparatus.

In this work, the dissolution rates of both non-disintegrating tablets …

A Microfluidic Culture For Two Populations Of Dorsal Root Ganglia For Differential Staining, Ishnoor Sidhu

Theses

The goal of this study was to design and fabricate a microfluidic system that can be used to visibly distinguish the two populations of dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) by differential staining. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is the most widely used silicon-based organic polymer, and is particularly known for its wide spread use in microfluidics. Various methods have been employed to pump fluids in these channels for applications ranging from patterning of cells and biomolecules to control of local environment factors such as temperature, which requires external pumping or other applied forces. We demonstrated a pump-free device that exploits the surface energy stored …

Investigation Of The Potential Catalytic Activities Of Several Metal Organic Framework (Mof) Materials, Guangyu Zhang

Theses

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising porous materials due to their high porosities, large apparent surface areas, tunable pore properties and selective uptake of small molecules. Many researches have been focused on developing new MOF structures and exploring their use in gas storage and separation. Only few studies investigated the catalytic properties of MOFs. In this study, catalytic properties are explored over several MOFs including zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), Ni(FA) and Zn(FA). These MOFs are used as catalyst supports for iron or platinum nanoparticles. The catalysts are prepared using incipient wetness impregnation method and characterized with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), pulse chemisorption, X-ray …

Thermochemical Properties, Bond Energies And Internal Rotor Potentials In Methyl Ethyl Sulfide And Oxygenated Sulfur Hydrocarbons Intermediates For Modeling Its Combustion And Atmospheric Chemistry, Guanghui Song

Theses

Small (1 to 4 carbon) hydrocarbon sulfides and thiols are formed in the biosphere by microorganisms and subsequently emitted into the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere. In the atmosphere they are oxidized by photochemical and radical reactions to intermediate hydrocarbon and to sulfur oxides. The oxides of these sulfur compounds and the intermediates from the oxidation process are known to form aerosols that can counteract the global warming green house effect. Recent studies also suggest that some aerosols can also contribute to global warming. Sulfur oxides are also major contributors to acid rain as the results of the atmospheric chemistry oxidation …

Dissolution Of Disintegrating Solid Dosage Forms In A Modified Dissolution Testing Apparatus 2, Shrutiben Rameshbhai Parekh

Theses

Dissolution tests are routinely carried out in the pharmaceutical industry to determine the dissolution rate of solid dosage forms. Dissolution testing serves as a surrogate for drug bioavailability through in vitro–in vivo correlation (IVIVR), and it additionally helps in guiding the development of new formulations and in assessing lot-to-lot consistency, thus ensuring product quality. The United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) Dissolution Testing Apparatus 2 is the device most commonly used for this purpose. Despite its widespread use, dissolution testing using this apparatus remains susceptible to significant error and test failures. There is documented evidence that this apparatus is sensitive to several …

Transdermal And Transbuccal Delivery Of Lidocaine And Nicotine : Combined Effects Of Iontophoresis And Chemical Enhancers, Ran Wei

Theses

This study focused on the effects of iontophoresis and chemical enhancers on drug release. The transport of Lidocaine HCl (LHCl) and Nicotine Hydrogen Tartrate (NHT) through the skin and mucosa was evaluated for potential clinical applications. These two potential delivery routes have the advantage of avoiding first-pass effect. Samples were pretreated with enhancer solutions for one hour before the experiments. Passive or 0.3 mA iontophoresis-assisted drug diffusion was conducted for 8 hours to monitor the cumulative amount of drug released. Graphical methods and mathematical optimization techniques were implemented to analyze the data. The effects of chemical enhancers on the delivery …

Thermodynamics Of Dna Hybridization On Surfaces, Terry J. Schmitt, Thomas A. Knotts Iv

Faculty Publications

Hybridization of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) targets to surface-tethered ssDNA probes was simulated using an advanced coarse-grain model to identify key factors that influence the accuracy of DNA microarrays. Comparing behavior in the bulk and on the surface showed, contrary to previous assumptions, that hybridization on surfaces is more thermodynamically favorable than in the bulk. In addition, the effects of stretching or compressing the probe strand were investigated as a model system to test the hypothesis that improving surface hybridization will improve microarray performance. The results in this regard indicate that selectivity can be increased by reducing overall sensitivity by a …

Dft Study Of Co2 Reduction To Hydrocarbons On Cu Surfaces, Li-Hui Ou, Sheng-Li Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

CO₂ reduction on Cu(111) single crystal surfaces was studied using DFT calculations on the reaction energies and the minimum energy paths. The results indicated that the possible reaction paths for CO₂ reduction on Cu(111) surface are CO₂(g) + H* → COOH* → (CO +OH)*, (CO + H)* → CHO*, CHO + H → CH₂O* → (CH_2⁺O)*, CH₂* + 2H* → CH₄ or 2CH₂* → C₂H₄. On Cu(111) surface, the reaction rate is controlled by steps of CH₂O* → (CH_{2 …}

Aacsb‐Accredited Schools’ Adoption Of Information Security Curriculum, Linda Lau, Cheryl Davis

Annual ADFSL Conference on Digital Forensics, Security and Law

The need to professionally and successfully conduct computer forensic investigations of incidents has never been greater. This has launched an increasing demand for a skilled computer security workforce (Locasto, et al., 2011). This paper examines the extent to which AACSB-accredited universities located in Virginia, Maryland and Washington, D.C. are working towards providing courses that will meet this demand. The authors conduct an online research of the information security courses and programs offered by the 27 AACSB-accredited business schools in the selected area.

The preliminary investigation revealed that eight of the 27 participating universities did not offer any courses in cybersecurity, …

Application Of Batch Oscillatory Baffled Bioreactor To Produce Biobutanol Using Clostridium Gbl 1082, Nasratun Masngut, Adam P. Harvey

Bioenergy III: Present and New Perspectives on Biorefineries

No abstract provided.

Advanced Biofuels And Added Value Products From Residual Quasi-Homogeneous Biomass: From Ethanol To Drop-In Fuels, Jean Michel Lavoie

Bioenergy III: Present and New Perspectives on Biorefineries

No abstract provided.

Hospital Vozandes Del Oriente Wastewater Treatment System Design, James Dykstra, Rachel Koopman, Ben Vander Plas, Sungmin Youn

All Engineering Faculty Research

Shell is a town located in the Eastern foothills of the Ecuadorian Andes approximately 94 miles Southeast of Quito. Hospital Vozandes del Oriente (HVO) is a hospital located in Shell owned and operated by Hoy Cristo Jesús Bendice (HCJB) Global. HCJB is a non-profit mission organization committed to Biblical values and community development principles.

Pure Pastaza, a senior design team from Calvin College, in conjunction with HCJB, has designed a wastewater treatment system for HVO. The design promotes the protection of human and environmental health by providing a sustainable solution to wastewater treatment and sets an example of stewardship to …

Control System For Mass Spectrometer, Jian Xu

Purdue Polytechnic Masters Theses

Mass spectrometry (MS) is a very popular analytical methodology that measures the mass of ions using a mass spectrometer. It is widely used for determining masses of chemicals, the elemental composition of a sample and molecule structure. The process of mass spectrometry normally consists of ionizing chemical compounds to ions and measuring their ratios of mass to charge for analysis.

MS instruments consist of three modules: Ionization, Analysis and detection. A LabVIEW system was developed to control the three modules of a mass spectrometer, giving the required signals in a right sequence. Experiments can be carried out by using the …

College Of Engineering Senior Design Competition Fall 2011, University Of Nevada, Las Vegas

Fred and Harriet Cox Senior Design Competition Projects

Part of every UNLV engineering student’s academic experience, the senior design project stimulates engineering innovation and entrepreneurship. Each student in their senior year chooses, plans, designs, and prototypes a product in this required element of the curriculum. A capstone to the student’s educational career, the senior design project encourages the student to use everything learned in the engineering program to create a practical, real world solution to an engineering challenge. The senior design competition helps focus the senior students in increasing the quality and potential for commercial application for their design projects. Judges from local industry evaluate the projects on …

Model-Guided Systems Metabolic Engineering Of Clostridium Thermocellum, Christopher Gowen

Theses and Dissertations

Metabolic engineering of microorganisms for chemical production involves the coordination of regulatory, kinetic, and thermodynamic parameters within the context of the entire network, as well as the careful allocation of energetic and structural resources such as ATP, redox potential, and amino acids. The exponential progression of “omics” technologies over the past few decades has transformed our ability to understand these network interactions by generating enormous amounts of data about cell behavior. The great challenge of the new biological era is in processing, integrating, and rationally interpreting all of this information, leading to testable hypotheses. In silico metabolic reconstructions are versatile …

Historical Legacies, Information And Contemporary Water Science And Management, Daniel J. Bain, Jennifer A. S. Arrigo, Mark B. Green, Brian A. Pellerin, Charles J. Vörösmarty

Advanced Science Research Center

Hydrologic science has largely built its understanding of the hydrologic cycle using contemporary data sources (i.e., last 100 years). However, as we try to meet water demand over the next 100 years at scales from local to global, we need to expand our scope and embrace other data that address human activities and the alteration of hydrologic systems. For example, the accumulation of human impacts on water systems requires exploration of incompletely documented eras. When examining these historical periods, basic questions relevant to modern systems arise: (1) How is better information incorporated into water management strategies? (2) Does any point …

Effects Of Tethering A Multistate Folding Protein To A Surface, Shuai Wei, Thomas A. Knotts Iv

Faculty Publications

Protein/surface interactions are important in a variety of fields and devices, yet fundamental understanding of the relevant phenomena remains fragmented due to resolution limitations of experimental techniques. Molecular simulation has provided useful answers, but such studies have focused on proteins that fold through a two-state process. This study uses simulation to show how surfaces can affect proteins which fold through a multistate process by investigating the folding mechanism of lysozyme (PDB ID: 7LZM). The results demonstrate that in the bulk 7LZM folds through a process with four stable states: the folded state, the unfolded state, and two stable intermediates. The …

Capillary Climb Dynamics In The Limits Of Prevailing Capillary And Gravity Force, B. Bijeljic, B. Markicevic, Homayun K. Navaz

Mechanical Engineering Publications

The dynamics of capillary climb of a wetting liquid into a porous medium that is opposed by gravity force is studied numerically. We use the capillary network model, in which an actual porous medium is represented as a network of pores and throats, each following a predefined size distribution function. The liquid potential in the pores along the liquid interface within the network is calculated as a result of capillary and gravity forces. The solution is general, and accounts for changes in the climbing height and climbing velocity. The numerical results for the capillary climb reveal that there are at …

Near Infrared Imaging System, Barbara Adu-Baffour

Honors Scholar Theses

This senior project is to design and fabricate a near infrared imaging system using laser diodes for imaging biological tissues. The device will have three major sections comprising the signal source, detection and data analysis sections.

In the source signal section, a circuit would be designed and built which will contain two laser diodes with different wavelengths (780nm and 830nm). Each of the two laser diodes will modulated at different frequencies to enable a spatial coding system. The detection section of the device will have an optical detector channel which will be designed to detect signals from all the laser …

Comprehensive Analysis Of Effluent Organic Matter From Five Wastewater Treatment Plants In Connecticut And Comparison To Natural Organic Matter, Matthew L. Quaranta

Master's Theses

Natural organic matter is an important driver of biotic and abiotic processes in aquatic environments. Wastewater treatment plants discharge a substantial amount of organic matter into the environment; however effluent organic matter has not been well studied. In this study, traditional organic geochemical techniques were applied to characterize effluent organic matter. Effluent organic matter was isolated by DAX8 (hydrophobic fraction) and XAD4 (transphilic fraction) Amberlite resins. Extraction efficiencies of effluent organic matter by DAX8 resins ranged from 18 to 42 percent as a result of larger content of hydrophilic organic matter than natural organic matter. Average organic matter molecular weights …

Characterization And Implementation Of Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound As A Tool To Apply Physical Load To Scaffolds And Bone Cells For Fracture Repair, Scott Frazee

Master's Theses

One current challenge in treating bone fractures is the effective treatment of non-unions and delayed unions. Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) has been approved by the FDA to treat fresh fractures since 1994 and non-unions since 2000 and is an attractive treatment option because it is non-invasive. The mechanism by which it works, however, is not well understood; what is known is largely confined to the resultant changes in chemical output of cells. In this thesis several concepts and techniques were brought together to investigate the following hypothesis: LIPUS produces a measurable physical load that results in measurable deformation and …

Cfd Simulation Of Co2 Sorption In A Circulating Fluidized Bed Using Deactivation Kinetic Model, Emadoddin Abbasi, Hamid Arastoopour

10th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology - CFB-10

The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach was used to simulate sorption of CO2 using solid sorbents in the riser section of a circulating fluidized bed. The simulation results were compared with the experimental data of Korea Institute for Energy Research (KIER) for continuous CO2 sorption using potassium carbonate in a circulating fluidized bed system.

Characterization Of Fluidization And Mixing Of Binary Mixtures Containing Biomass At Low Velocities Through Analyzing Local Pressure Fluctuations, Farzam Fotovat, Jaber Shabanian, Jamal Chaouki, Jeffrey Bergthorson

10th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology - CFB-10

To judge qualitatively the effect of biomass properties on its fluidizability and mixing tendency with sand particles at low fluidization velocities, local pressure gradients in the top and bottom of the bed were compared for all investigated systems. It was found that changing the mass fraction and the size of biomass impacted the onset of bubbling and the size of bubbles across the bed, which, in turn, affected the mixing/segregation of the bed content.

Vapor Transport And Aerosol Dynamics In The Respiratory Airways, Geng Tian

Theses and Dissertations

Predicting vapor transport and aerosol dynamics in the respiratory airways is important for analyzing both environmental exposure and respiratory drug delivery. A large number of analytical models, computational studies, and experiments on vapor and aerosol transport in the respiratory tract have been conducted previously. However, a number of critical questions remain unanswered. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is primarily employed with frequent comparisons to existing and new experimental data sets to address previously unanswered issues related to the transport of vapors and aerosol in the respiratory tract. The three objectives of this study are further described below. Objective …

A Parallel Genetic Algorithm For Placement And Routing On Cloud Computing Platforms, Jacob A. Berlier

Theses and Dissertations

The design and implementation of today's most advanced VLSI circuits and multi-layer printed circuit boards would not be possible without automated design tools that assist with the placement of components and the routing of connections between these components. In this work, we investigate how placement and routing can be implemented and accelerated using cloud computing resources. A parallel genetic algorithm approach is used to optimize component placement and the routing order supplied to a Lee's algorithm maze router. A study of mutation rate, dominance rate, and population size is presented to suggest favorable parameter values for arbitrary-sized printed circuit board …

Putting Structure Into Fluidized Bed – From Concept To Industrial Applications, Fei Wei, Qiang Zhang, Guohua Luo, Weizhong Qian, Yao Wang

10th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology - CFB-10

Structures of particles, particle agglomerates, distributors, and internals have significantly influence on hydrodynamics and transfer behaviors of the dense gas-solid fluidized bed. For nanomaterial production, the particle surface and their agglomerated structures directly influence the fluidization behaviors; while for coal to chemical process, the distributors, internals play an important role in regime transient, and hydrodynamics. Carbon nanotubes mass production, coal to chemicals process. and fuel production were employed as examples to describe the concept of putting structures into fluidized bed, and then to put these structures into industrial applications.

Missouri River Recovery Program Power Point Presentation

United States Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District

The Power of the River

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Threatened and Endangered

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The Mission

Missouri River Recovery: a decades-long assignment

Partnerships for Progress

Benefits for Many Public Interests

Key Recovery Initiatives

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Hydrodynamics Of Conical Spouted Beds With High Density Particles, Salih Sari, Aylin Polat, Dokugan Zaglamaris, Gorkem Kulah, Murat Koksal

10th International Conference on Circulating Fluidized Beds and Fluidization Technology - CFB-10

An extensive experimental investigation of conical spouted beds with high density particles were carried out by measuring bed pressure drop, particle velocity and solids hold-up in a 15 cm ID conical spouted bed at three different cone angles (30°, 45°, 60°) with Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) particles (ρp = 6050 kg/m3). The results show that the minimum external spouting velocity increases with cone angle, particle diameter and static bed height. The bed is characterized by two regions: upward moving particles with high slip in the spout and slowly downward moving particles at loosely packed conditions in the annulus.