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Reuse Of Cold Top Ex-Situ Vitrified Chromium Contaminated Soils In Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete, Gerald Charleston

Theses

This research investigated the pilot scale feasibility of the remediation of chromium contaminated soil through cold top ex-situ vitrification and the reuse of the vitrified products as highway construction aggregates. There are more than two million tons of chromite ore residues from the chromate extraction manufacturing leftover in Hudson County, New Jersey. They contained both un-leached hexavalent and unoxidized trivalent chromium. Hexavalent chromium is well known as a group A human carcinogen. It is also considered an environmental and health hazard. Of the many ex- situ and in-situ physical, chemical, and biological treatment technologies for chromate production waste, the ability …

Fatigue: Investigation Of A Human Factor For Regional Airline Pilots, Doug Mikkelsen

Master's Theses - Daytona Beach

This study analyzed the causes of regional airline pilot fatigue and the impact on pilot performance. An instrument was developed and refined through a field study validation by a panel of experts. The final instrument was distributed to three groups of regional airline pilots. The data supported the literature review, which revealed many causes of pilot fatigue, including flight crew schedules that are not compatible with human limitations; Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) that have not evolved with the advancement of aircraft performance and the public demand for 24 hour availability of flights; and poor personal habits. An analysis of the …

Comparison Of Observed And Simulated Grow-Finish Swine Performance Under Summer Conditions, Larry W. Turner, Thomas C. Bridges, Richard D. Coffey, Richard S. Gates, Gary R. Parker, Tami M. Brown-Brandl, Douglas G. Overhults

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

As a part of a National Pork Producers Council educational program, our research and extension team at the University of Kentucky was linked with an independent commercial swine producer to test the NCPIG model against observed commercial on-farm data. This experience provided improved information for model development as well as increased producer insight into the data input needs and potential benefits of modeling. Detailed production information comparisons between the NCPIG model and producer data are presented for summer time conditions to assess the validity of the NCPIG model for simulation of grow-finish swine performance. Results demonstrated that the NCPIG model …

Gaseous Cah Removal By Biofiltration In Presence And Absence Of A Nonionic Surfactant, J. O. Kim, Purush K. Terkonda, S. D. Lee

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The objectives of this study were to investigate the biodegradation of gaseous trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) in an activated carbon biofilter inoculated with phenol-oxidizing microorganisms and to study the effect of surfactant concentration below its critical micelle concentration (CMC) on the removal efficiency of TCE or PCE. For the enhanced biofiltration, a biodegradable nonionic surfactant was added to biofilters. The investigation was conducted using two specially built stainless steel biofilters, one for TCE and the other for PCE. The removal efficiency of gaseous TCE was 100% at a residence time of 7 min and its average inlet concentration of …

Recovery Of Intracellular Materials By Electroporation, Wendy Elaine Reid

Theses

Electroporation is commonly used to transfer genetic materials such as DNA into the cell by exposing the cell to a high electric field that momentarily permeabilizes the cell membrane. This premise was utilized to use electroporation as a means of releasing intracellular proteins. A procedure has been developed for the release of intracellular proteins through the use of electroporation. This procedure is a breakthrough. In general, industrial scale techniques to recover proteins from microorganisms are inefficient (Clarkson, 1993). A benefit of this electroporation-based mechanism would be the reduction of steps in the downstream processing required to purify the desired product. …

University Of Texas At Tyler Freshman Catalog, 1998-1999, University Of Texas At Tyler

Catalogs

Archives Space instance: https://archivesspace.uttyler.edu/repositories/2/archival_objects/22363

Biological Fixed-Film Systems, Mark W. Fitch, Natalie Pearson, Gene Richards, Joel Gerard Burken

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Electrophysiologic Studies Of Hypothalamic Adenosine-5'-Triphosphate-Sensitive Potassium Channels, Dinora Hernandez

Theses

Of particular interest in this study were the electrical phenomena involving currents from the ATP sensitive K channel in isolated hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (VMN) neurons. These neurons may play an important role in the glucose-sensing system of the body. Rat VMN neurons were isolated. For neuronal isolation, the proteolytic enzyme pronase was used. However, pronase was too harsh. The use of papain, another proteolytic enzyme, led to better neuronal morphology. The perforated patch clamp technique was used to gain access to the cell's interior. For membrane pore formation, nystatin was used; but seal formation was difficult. Amphotericin was used instead, …

Accumulation Of Lead By Anabaena Cylindrica: Mathematical Modeling And An Energy Dispersive X-Ray Study, David T. Swift, Daniel Forciniti

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The ability of microorganisms to selectively adsorb various heavy metal ions has been recognized for over a decade. We have investigated the biosorption of lead by an active culture of the cyanobacterium Anabaena cylindrica. Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis was used to evaluate the different uptake mechanisms in the various subcellular regions. Three were identified; a very fast adsorption mechanism in the cell envelope; a time- dependent deposition reaction on the cell surface; and an adsorption mechanism, also time dependent, on the polyphosphate body inside the cell. Atomic absorption spectrometry was then used to quantify the changes with time of bulk …

The Detoxification Of Petroleum Contaminated Coastal Plain Sandy Soil Using An Amended Vermicomposting Approach, John Charles Kraemer

Health Services Research Dissertations

This study explores the feasibility of utilizing an amended vermicomposting treatment approach for detoxifying petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated sandy soil. The bench-scale testing of gasoline and diesel contaminated soil using three test soil vessels and one control soil vessel was performed in a laboratory setting for a six week time period. The control soil received no treatment other than distilled water to maintain soil moisture. Treatment 1 consisted of direct application of liquid municipal biologic sludge on a weekly basis. Treatment 2 consisted of the addition of 30 Eisenia foetida earthworms and distilled water. Treatment 3 consisted of direct application of …

Fertigation Chemicals, Charles M. Burt

BioResource and Agricultural Engineering

When deciding what chemicals to inject, there are numerous considerations to be made. This paper addresses some of the more common factors which should be considered, but which are often overlooked. Because nitrogen fertilizer is injected more widely than any other nutrient, special attention is given to it

Growth Of Grass Shrimp, Palaemonetes Pugio, In A Contaminated And An Uncontaminated Site, Suruchi Bhan

Theses

Previous experiments have found that grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, from a contaminated site, Piles Creek (PC). in Linden. New Jersey, are larger than those from a relatively pristine reference site, Sheepshead Creek, located in Tuckerton (T), New Jersey.

This study investigated the possibility that PC conditions provide more food for the shrimp, possibly by being a eutrophic environment. thus allowing for greater growth. or that salinity, toxicants, or other factors at. PC stimulate growth. The current experiment indicated that PC conditions do not foster greater growth for the shrimp than T conditions and that PC shrimp are not inherently …

The Synthesis, Characterization, And Cell Seeding Of A Collagen/Hydroxyapatite Porous Scaffold For Treatment Of Osseous Defects, Kim Rachel Patterson

All Theses

The need for finding a bone graft substitute stems from the fact that approximately 200,000 bone grafting procedures are performed annually in the U.S. alone. Although biological grafting options (i.e. autografts & allografts) exist, they do suffer from inherent problems. These include limited resources, costly processing, and potential for pathogen transfer. Thus, investigators have sought synthetic alternatives.

The objective of this research was to utilize hydroxyapatite (HA) and collagen, both analogues to the major constituents of bone, to fabricate an optimal synthetic osteoconductive/osteoinductive bone scaffold. Current attempts by other investigators to combine the two materials have been met with some …

Cosmic Calling

Syracuse University Magazine

No abstract provided.

Impulse, Kate Gundvaldson, Cathy Nelson, Jennifer Widman

Impulse (Jerome J. Lohr College of Engineering Publication)

Features:
[Page 2] Engineering designated Center of Excellence in Technology
[Page 4] ENTRE class acts as 'Counterpart' to small business
[Page 5] Farm building construction studied
[Page 6] Experimental instrumentation aims to create ideal earth imaging
[Page 8] Svec celebrates 80th birthday
[Page 10] Research improves meat safety
[Page 10] Engineering Extension offers OSHA course
[Page 11] Rural water research helps small towns
[Page 11] Soybean plant visited
[Page 12] UITS nets outstanding rating
[Page 13] Shin offers outreach
[Page 14] German profs visit SDSU
[Page 15] Chinese prof exchanges ideas with American colleagues
[Page 16] U.S. News & World …

Optimization Of Sulfur Dioxide And Lactic Acid Steeping Concentrations For Wet-Milling Of Grain Sorghum, R. A. Buffo, Curtis L. Weller, A. M. Parkhurst

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Influence of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and lactic acid (LA) on grain sorghum steeping efficiency in terms of wet-milling characteristics was investigated using response surface analysis. Tested ranges of concentrations in steeping water were 0.050 to 0.278% and 0 to 0.282% for SO₂ and LA, respectively. Measured wet-milling variables were steeping solids yield, starch yield, protein yield, fiber/germ yield, starch recovery, protein recovery and protein content of starch. Starch and protein recovery values were highly correlated to each other (r = 0.74). Correlations of these attributes with fiber/germ yield were strongly negative (r = –0.96 and r = …

Films From Laboratory-Extracted Sorghum Kafirin, Roberto A. Buffo, Curtis L. Weller, Aristippos Gennadios

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

There has been increased interest in development of biopolymer films and coatings from protein, polysaccharide, and lipid materials in recent years. The qualities of renewability, degradability, compostability, and edibility make such films particularly appealing for food and nonfood packaging applications. Moreover, wide commercialization of biopolymer films will provide a value-added innovative use for traditional agricultural commodities as sources of film-forming materials. Research findings on production, properties, and potential applications of edible films have been reviewed (Krochta 1992, Conca and Yang 1993, Gontard and Guilbert 1994). Protein films in particular have been discussed in detail by Gennadios et al (1994a) and …

Ontologies For Agents, Michael N. Huhns, Munindar P. Singh

Faculty Publications

An ontology is a computational model of some portion of the world. It is often captured in some form of a semantic network-a graph whose nodes are concepts or individual objects and whose arcs represent relationships or associations among the concepts. This network is augmented by properties and attributes, constraints, functions, and rules that govern the behavior of the concepts. Formally, an ontology is an agreement about a shared conceptualization, which includes frameworks for modeling domain knowledge and agreements about the representation of particular domain theories. Definitions associate the names of entities in a universe of discourse (for example, classes, …

Anion Induced Blue To Purple Transition In Bacteriorhodopsin, Mrunalini Pattarkine, Anil K. Singh

Faculty Works

Purple membrane (PM, λ" role="presentation">λmax" role="presentation">max 570 nm) of H. halobium on treatment with sulphuric acid changes its colour to blue (λ" role="presentation">λmax" role="presentation">max 608 nm). The purple chromophore can be regenerated from the blue chromophore by exogeneous addition of anions such as CI−" role="presentation">− and HPO42−" role="presentation">2−4. Chloride ion is found to be more effective than the dibasic phosphate ion in regenerating the purple chromophore. Nevertheless, one thing common to the anion regeneration is that both CI−" role="presentation">− and HPO42−" role="presentation">2−4 show marked pH effect. At pH 1.0 the efficiency of …

Advanced Characterization And Leaching Behavior Of Hexavalent And Trivalent Chromium From Waste Material, Erik Moerman

Theses

In this thesis we employed advanced characterization techniques such as XRF, XRD, XPS, SEM, and EDS to provide detailed information about the chromium waste _ specifically chromium valence states (Cr(VI) and Cr(III)), and their chemical association with other phases in the waste matrix.

The removal of Cr(VI) was accomplished by leaching with aqueous solutions containing inorganic anions such as Cl^-, SO₄^2-, PO₄^3- and others. Cr(VI) can be released from the waste by a combination of desorption and ion exchange processes. The efficiency and kinetics of displacing CrO₄^2- from the waste by …

Effect Of Screw Configuration And Speed On Rtd And Expansion Of Rice Extrudate, Siew-Yoong Lee, Kathryn L. Mccarthy

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The influence of screw configuration and screw speed on the residence time distribution and product expansion was determined for rice meal processed in a corotating twin screw extruder. Screw speed had strong effect on the E(t)- and F(t)-diagrams, with the mean residence time varying inversely with screw speed from 206 s to 256 s. the F-diagram was modeled by the combination of perfect mixing and plug flow. the P estimates, which express the fraction of material in plug flow, varied inversely with screw speed from 0.41 to 0.55 for the operating conditions in this study. Both screw configuration and screw …

Remediation And Reuse Of Chromium Contaminated Soils Through Cold Top Ex-Site Vitrification, Wiwat Kamolpornwijit

Theses

More than 150 sites in Hudson County, New Jersey are identified as chromium contaminated sites. Hexavalent chromium, highly soluble in water, is considered as an environmental and health hazard, classified as a group A human carcinogen. In this research, the feasibility was performed to study the possibility of remediation of chromium contaminated soil by ex-situ vitrification and to evaluate reuse potential of vitrified products as highway construction aggregate. A series of physical and chemical analysis was conducted on nine soil samples collected from different chromium contaminated sites. Results were analyzed for their compatibility for vitrification. Sand and carbon were added …

Bulletin - Winter, 1996, Civil Aviation Medical Association

Browse all Civil Aviation Medical Association Newsletters

A sixteen page newsletter of the Civil Aviation Medical Association. The newsletter provided news about civil aviation medicine and information related to the organization.

Disaccharide Intolerance Of European Starlings, Leonard R. Askham

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 17th (1996)

The use of disaccharides to discourage bird depredation to agricultural crops has elicited some interest during the last few years. Data developed in these trials indicate that several avian species are intolerant to sucrose because of the lack of sucrase enzymes in their digestive systems. Based on this research it is hypothesized that progressively increasing rates and volumes of solutions would elicit consistent adverse stress reactions. Furthermore, that if birds were intolerant to sucrose, because of their co-evolutionary development with plants, then they should lack the ability to digest lactose. The data developed in these trials does not support either …

The Potential Impact Of Introduced Commensal Rodents On Island Flora, Gillian Key, Renata Platenberg, Andrew Easby, Kathleen Mais

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 17th (1996)

The impact of introduced commensal rodents on island flora has been relatively little studied compared with their impact on the fauna. The effects on vegetation composition, regeneration, and decomposition are largely unknown, but potentially great. Preliminary studies were carried out in the Galapagos Islands between 1993 and 1994 on the diet of introduced rats, Rattus spp. and feral house mice, Mus musculus, seed recovery rates and subsequent germination rates of seeds. R. rattus diet was primarily vegetation and 48% of rats had seeds in their stomachs. Significant differences were found between body size and overall contribution of both …

Effects Of Stage Of Nut Development And Simulated Rat Damage On Macadamia Yields, Mark E. Tobin, Ann E. Koehler, Robert T. Sugfflara, Richard M. Engeman

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 17th (1996)

Black rats (Rattus rattus) cause extensive damage in Hawaiian macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia) orchards. In a previous study, extensive and persistent snap trapping significantly reduced rat populations and depredations on developing macadamia nuts, but had little effect on subsequent yields of mature nuts. This suggested that macadamia trees may compensate for rat damage, and that commonly used indices based on rodent activity and proportion of nuts damaged may overestimate the impact of rodent depredations and exaggerate the effectiveness of control measures. To clarify the effects of rat feeding on developing macadamia nuts, two levels of damage at …

Plant Secondary Chemicals As Non-Lethal Vertebrate Repellents, Richard W. Watkins, David P. Cowan, Elaine L. Gill

Vertebrate Pest Conference Proceedings: 17th (1996)

Few effective repellents are currently available for the non-lethal management of vertebrate pests. This is perhaps not surprising considering the ad hoc nature of past applications which assumed that the target pest species would have the same attraction/aversion preferences as man. A more rational approach is to identify compounds that have real biological significance for the pest species. Plants have evolved an array of defense chemicals (secondary plant compounds) that inhibit the feeding of vertebrate herbivores, because they are either innately aversive or they generate a conditioned aversion. These compounds are, therefore, ideally suited for use in the reduction of …

Biofilm Mediated Calculus Formation In The Urinary Tract, Robert J. C. Mclean, David J. Stickler, J. Curtis Nickel

Cells and Materials

Mineralization and subsequent calculus formation is a common complication of biofilm infections. In the urinary tract, these infected calculi often arise from infections by urease-producing bacteria. Ammonia, liberated by bacterial urease activity, increases urine pH, resulting in the precipitation of Ca and Mg as carbonateapatite {Ca₁₀(PO₄,CO₃)₆(OH,CO₃)₂} and struvite (NH₄MgP0₄·6H₂O). These minerals become entrapped in the organic matrix which surrounds the infecting organisms and ultimately grow into mature calculi. When the causative organisms grow on urinary catheters and stents, the resulting mineralization can …

A Composite Biomaterial: Poly 2 (Hydropoxyethyl) Methacrylate / Alkaline Phosphatase Initiates Mineralization In Vitro, R. Filmon, D. Chappard, J. P. Monthéard, M. F. Baslé

Cells and Materials

Bone substitutes are nowadays largely used in orthopedic surgery but they lack osteoinductive properties. Poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) has numerous biomedical applications. Alkaline phosphatase (AlkP), an ectoenzyme elaborated by osteoblasts, initiates bone mineralization by hydrolyzing organic phosphates before calcium-phosphorus deposition. We have immobilized AlkP in pHEMA in a copolymerization technic. Histochemical study revealed that AlkP has retained its biological activity . Image analysis of sections using a tessellation method showed a lognormal distribution of the area of tessels around AlkP particles thus confirming an homogeneous distribution of the enzyme in the polymer. Pellets of pHEMA and pHEMA + AlkP were …

Microbial Reduction Of Crystalline Iron(Iii) Oxides: Influence Of Oxide Surface Area And Potential For Cell Growth, Eric E. Roden, John M. Zachara

United States Department of Energy: Publications

Quantitative aspects of microbial crystalline iron- (III) oxide reduction were examined using a dissimilatory iron(III) oxide-reducing bacterium (Shewanella alga strain BrY). The initial rate and long-term extent of reduction of a range of synthetic iron(III) oxides were linearly correlated with oxide surface area. Oxide reduction rates reached an asymptote at cell concentrations in excess of ≈1 x 10⁹/m² of oxide surface. Experiments with microbially reduced goethite that had been washed with pH 5 sodium acetate to remove adsorbed Fe(II) suggested that formation of a Fe(II) surface phase (adsorbed or precipitated) limited the extent of iron(III) oxide …