Digital Commons Network^™

Cost Allocation For Transmission Investment Using Agent-Based Game Theory, Jakapun Mepokee, David Lee Enke, Badrul H. Chowdhury

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Due to electrical power restructuring, a dramatic change has been made to the generation and transmission sectors of the power industry. Rules and legislation are continuously changing. To promote more competition, transmission has to be expanded or upgraded to remove congestion and market power. The cost allocation of new investment in transmission has to be recalculated. The socialization methods of the past have been shown to be unfair to some market and network participants. The decentralization of cost allocation must be considered. The proposed paper provides a comparison between traditional cost allocation methods and a new cost allocation method based …

Termination-Dependent Diversity Performance Of Coupled Antennas: Network Theory Analysis, Michael A. Jensen, Jon W. Wallace

Faculty Publications

A new analysis of mutually coupled diversity antenna systems is presented that includes the effects of coupling on the radiation pattern and received power. This analysis, based upon the network scattering parameters, makes use of the singular value decomposition to both specify the characteristics of and analyze terminated antenna networks. The approach facilitates a simplified proof of the multiport conjugate matching condition as well as development of expressions for diversity performance as a function of various impedance terminations. Application of the analysis to coupled dipole antennas characterized using full-wave electromagnetic analysis leads to a comprehensive examination of the diversity performance …

Optimal Diversity Combining Based On Noisy Channel Estimation, Jingxian Wu, Chengshan Xiao, N. C. Beaulieu

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The performances of coherent diversity receivers with noisy channel estimation are examined. Fading channel gain estimates are modeled as sums of the true fading channel gain values plus independent Gaussian distributed estimation errors. The optimal diversity receiver for coherent reception with noisy channel state information and independent and identically distributed fading channels is derived. Exact expressions for the average error probability of optimal diversity MPSK with noisy channel estimation are derived for Rayleigh and Ricean fading channels; closed-form expressions are obtained for some special cases. Some interesting observations regarding practical diversity receiver design for higher-order modulation formats are drawn.

Space-Time Fading Correlation Functions Of A 3-D Mimo Channel Model, Sang-Yick Leong, Y. Rosa Zheng, Chengshan Xiao

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Space-time correlation functions between the links of MIMO Rayleigh fading channels are derived using a new three-dimensional (3-D) cylinder scattering model. Closed form, mathematically tractable formulas are obtained for the space-time correlation functions for general MIMO systems where the base station and mobile station antennas may be arranged in 3-D space. It is shown that the correlation functions computed by the 3-D cylinder model are of significant difference than those of the conventional 2-D Clarke''s isotropic scattering model for vertically placed antennas. The general formulas of the correlation functions includes the 2-D Clarke''s model and the 3-D SIMO, MISO models …

Spectrum Visualization And Measurement Of Power Parameters Of Microwave Wide-Band Noise, Marina Koledintseva, Alexander A. Kitaytsev, V. A. Konkin, V. Radchenko

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A method for an adequate visualization of a microwave intense noise spectrum envelope in a wide frequency range (several octaves), measurement of its power parameters, and detection of a narrow-band signal with unknown frequency and power against the noise background is presented. This method is based on an application of a nonheterodyne principle of microwave frequency (and power) conversion using a gyromagnetic converter, which operates in two regimes in turn: the resonance detection and the cross-multiplication. A block scheme and an operation of a two-channel measuring device combining the mentioned functions are discussed.

A Discrete-Time Model For Triply Selective Mimo Rayleigh Fading Channels, Chengshan Xiao, Jingxian Wu, Sang-Yick Leong, Y. Rosa Zheng, Khaled Ben Letaief

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A statistical discrete-time model is proposed for simulating wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) fading channels which are triply selective due to angle spread, Doppler spread, and delay spread. The new discrete-time MIMO channel model includes the combined effects of the transmit filter, physical MIMO multipath channel fading, and receive filter, and it has the same sampling period as that of the MIMO receiver. This leads to very efficient simulation of physical continuous-time MIMO channels. A new method is also presented to efficiently generate the MIMO channel stochastic coefficients. The statistical accuracy of the discrete-time MIMO channel model is rigorously verified through …

Decentralized Neural Network Control Of A Class Of Large-Scale Systems With Unknown Interconnection, Wenxin Liu, Jagannathan Sarangapani, Donald C. Wunsch, Mariesa Crow

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A novel decentralized neural network (DNN) controller is proposed for a class of large-scale nonlinear systems with unknown interconnections. The objective is to design a DNN for a class of large-scale systems which do not satisfy the matching condition requirement. The NNs are used to approximate the unknown subsystem dynamics and the interconnections. The DNN is designed using the back stepping methodology with only local signals for feedback. All of the signals in the closed loop (system states and weights estimation errors) are guaranteed to be uniformly ultimately bounded and eventually converge to a compact set.

Distributed Power Control Of Cellular Networks In The Presence Of Channel Uncertainties, Maciej Jan Zawodniok, Q. Shang, Jagannathan Sarangapani

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A novel distributed power control (DPC) scheme for cellular networks in the presence of radio channel uncertainties such as path loss shadowing, and Rayleigh fading is presented. Since these uncertainties can attenuate the received signal strength and can cause variations in the received Signal-to-lnterference ratio (SIR), the proposed DPC scheme maintains a target SIR at the receiver provided the uncertainty is slowly varying with time. The DPC estimates the time varying nature of the channel quickly and uses the information to arrive at a suitable transmitter power value . Further, the standard assumption of a constant interference during a link's …

Ergodic Capacity Of Doubly Selective Rayleigh Fading Mimo Channels, Chengshan Xiao, Y. Rosa Zheng

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The ergodic capacity is investigated for doubly selective (frequency selective and time varying) MIMO Rayleigh fading channels. A closed form formula is derived that quantifies the effect of the ISI fading on the ergodic capacity into an ISI degradation factor. It is discovered that, in general frequency selective MIMO channels, the inter-tap correlations of the ISI fading will reduce the ergodic capacity comparing to the frequency flat fading channel. Only in the special case when the ISI fading does not have inter-tap correlations will the ergodic capacity be the same as that of the frequency flat channel. This new formula …

Unmanned Vehicle Navigation Using Swarm Intelligence, Sheetal Doctor, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Unmanned vehicles are used to explore physical areas where humans are unable to go due to different constraints. There have been various algorithms that have been used to perform this task. This paper explores swarm intelligence for searching a given problem space for a particular target(s). The work in this paper has two parts. In the first part, a set of randomized unmanned vehicles are deployed to locate a single target. In the second part, the randomized unmanned vehicles are deployed to locate various targets and are then converged at one of targets of a particular interest. Each of the …

A Distributed Power Control Mac Protocol For Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks., Maciej Jan Zawodniok, Jagannathan Sarangapani

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A novel distributed power control (DPC)⋅ scheme and a MAC protocol for wireless ad hoc networks in the presence of radio channel uncertainties such as path loss, Shadowing and Rayleigh fading is presented. The DPC quickly estimates the time-varying nature of the channel and uses the information to select a suitable transmitter power value in order to maintain a target Signal-to-Interference ratio (SIR) at the receiver. The standard assumption of a constant interference during a link's power update used in other works is relaxed. The performance of the proposed DPC is demonstrated analytically. The power used for all RTS-CTS-DATA-ACK frames …

Adaptive Critic Neural Network-Based Object Grasping Control Using A Three-Finger Gripper, Gustavo Galan, Jagannathan Sarangapani

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Grasping of objects has been a challenging task for robots. The complex grasping task can be defined as object contact control and manipulation subtasks. In this paper, object contact control subtask is defined as the ability to follow a trajectory accurately by the fingers of a gripper. The object manipulation subtask is defined in terms of maintaining a predefined applied force by the fingers on the object. A sophisticated controller is necessary since the process of grasping an object without a priori knowledge of the object's size, texture, softness, gripper, and contact dynamics is rather difficult. Moreover, the object has …

Delivery Of Wireless Ad Hoc Services Using Jini, Sinead Cummins

Theses

Traditionally, networks were planned infrastructures consisting mainly ot desktop machines and servers. As a result of the careful planning carried out prior to their construction, these networks were easily managed and controlled by network administrators. Today these networks are joined by cell phones, PDAs and other handheld devices as well as a host of sensors. This has led to a migration from traditional networks to ad hoc networks.

One way to envisage what this new environment will be like is to imagine what life will be like at the edge of the network. Today the edge mostly consists ot clients …

Hdl Implementation Of A Controller Area Network Node, Anthony Richard Marino

Theses and Dissertations

With increasing technology inside automobiles, especially law enforcement vehicles, there is a growing need for centralized wiring and device interconnection methods. Each new technology, such as GPS navigation units and in-vehicle video systems, includes a corresponding wiring harness that needs installation. The summation of all these hardwired technologies leads to large volumes of wire that negatively affect safety, power demands, and future design opportunities. A new trend among automotive manufacturers is to design and implement innovative networks that allow for shared communications between technologies.

This thesis presents the design, development, and implementation of an in-vehicle network that will centralize connections …

Development Of An Augmented Haptic Control For In-Vehicle Law Enforcement Applications, Edward R. Guest Iii

Theses and Dissertations

Typical police vehicles are filled with as much technology as the department can afford. Everything from the newest digital camera system to a simple entertainment radio is within the reach of an officer. Currently, most of these systems are installed without any consideration toward the other systems or the interaction required between the driver and the car. The lack of a systems approach in the installation has spawned a project to look at the safety and overall system installation in the New Jersey State Police vehicles.

The research presented in this thesis suggests consolidation of the various controls into one …

Simulation Of The Communication Process In A Pin Mill, Ambrose J. M. Itika

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Prediction of the performance of comminution equipment by mathematical models and simulation poses a great challenge to the chemical engineer. This paper describes the simulation of grinding results obtained using an impact mill. Single particle results have been used to generate breakage and selection coefficients that were used for the evaluation of the model. Results have shown that simulation model is in good agreement with the experimental data obtained at a circumferential speed above 60 m/s. At lower speeds, the models shows only partial agreement in the middle particle size ranges. The application of the model is therefore limited for …

Wind Scatterometry With Improved Ambiguity Selection And Rain Modeling, David W. Draper

Theses and Dissertations

Although generally accurate, the quality of SeaWinds on QuikSCAT scatterometer ocean vector winds is compromised by certain natural phenomena and retrieval algorithm limitations. This dissertation addresses three main contributers to scatterometer estimate error: poor ambiguity selection, estimate uncertainty at low wind speeds, and rain corruption. A quality assurance (QA) analysis performed on SeaWinds data suggests that about 5% of SeaWinds data contain ambiguity selection errors and that scatterometer estimation error is correlated with low wind speeds and rain events.

Ambiguity selection errors are partly due to the "nudging" step (initialization from outside data). A sophisticated new non-nudging ambiguity selection approach …

Spatiotemporal Databases: Models For Attracting Students To Research, Ágnes Bércesné Novák, Peter Revesz, Zsolt Tuza

School of Computing: Conference and Workshop Papers

In higher education professors often make much effort to introduce their students to research. Unfortunately, the present standard database systems curriculum is composed of well-settled subjects that do not lead to research. The challenge is to bring the research frontier closer to students at beginner level. In this paper we describe how it can be done in the area of spatiotemporal databases. We propose a new database systems curriculum and illustrate its benefits by mentioning several highly succsesful student projects in some recent experimental introductory database systems courses that followed the new curriculum.

Optical System With 1xn Interleaver And Methods Of Making And Using Same, Michael A. Scobey, Lucien P. Ghislain, Dennis J. Derickson, Loren F. Stokes

Electrical Engineering

An optical system and method are disclosed for multiplexing or de-multiplexing channels within a wavelength band. The optical signals carried on the system comprise separate channels 1 through n, each having a unique passband and a center wavelength spaced from the center wavelength of adjacent channels by d nm. The signals are semi-multiplexed, demultiplexed, or semi-demultiplexed by an interleaver comprising optically matched and directly optically coupled etalons. Periodic spectral passbands of width less than d nm, spaced from each other a distance of zd, where z is an integer greater than or equal to 3, are substantially transmitted through the …

Energy Efficient Routing Protocols For Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Chansu Yu, Ben Lee, Hee Yong Youn

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Although establishing correct and efficient routes is an important design issue in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), a more challenging goal is to provide energy efficient routes because mobile nodes' operation time is the most critical limiting factor. This article surveys and classifies the energy-aware routing protocols proposed for MANETs. They minimize either the active communication energy required to transmit or receive packets or the inactive energy consumed when a mobile node stays idle but listens to the wireless medium for any possible communication requests from other nodes. Transmission power control approach and load distribution approach belong to the former …

Multiple Uav Cooperative Search Under Collision Avoidance And Limited Range Communication Constraints, Randal W. Beard, Timothy W. Mclain

Faculty Publications

This paper focuses on the problem of cooperatively searching, using a team of unmanned air vehicles (UAVs), an area of interest that contains regions of opportunity and regions of potential hazard. The objective of the UAV team is to visit as many opportunities as possible, while avoiding as many hazards as possible. To enable cooperation, the UAVs are constrained to stay within communication range of one another. Collision avoidance is also required. Algorithms for team-optimal and individually-optimal/team-suboptimal solutions are developed and their computational complexity compared. Simulation results demonstrating the feasibility of the cooperative search algorithms are presented.

Ultracompact High-Efficiency Polarizing Beam Splitter With A Hybrid Photonic Crystal And Conventional Waveguide Structure, J. Cai, S. Kim, Gregory P. Nordin, J. Jiang

Faculty Publications

We propose an ultracompact high-efficiency polarizing beam splitter that operates over a wide wavelength range and is based on a hybrid photonic crystal and a conventional waveguide structure. Within a small area (15 mm 3 10 mm), this polarizing beam splitter separates TM- and TE-polarized modes into orthogonal output waveguides. Results of simulations with the two-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method show that 99.3% of TM-polarized light is def lected by the photonic crystal structure (with a 28.0-dB extinction ratio), whereas 99.0% of TE-polarized light propagates through the structure (with a 32.2-dB extinction ratio). Wave vector diagrams are employed to explain the …

Extended Hough Methodology For 3d Feature Detection, Rufus H. Cofer, Samuel Peter Kozaitis, Jihun Cha

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

In an effort to make automatically detect image features for pattern recognition, we described a 3-dimensional (3-D) Hough transform. We describe two interlocking theoretical extensions to greatly enhance the Hough transform's ability to handle finite lineal features and allow directed search for various features while balancing memory and computational complexity. We computed the 2-D Hough transform of 1-D slices of an image which results in a 2-D to 3-D transform. Features such as line segments will cluster in a particular location so that both line orientation and spatial extent can be determined. This approach allows the Hough transform to be …

Oci-Based Group Communication Support In Corba, Dongman Lee, Dukyun Nam, Hee Yong Youn, Chansu Yu

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Group communication is a useful mechanism guaranteeing consistency among replicated objects. The existing approaches do not allow transparent plug-in of group communication protocols into CORBA. They either require modification of CORBA or OS, or provide no room for incorporating group communication transport protocols into CORBA. We thus propose a generic group communication framework that allows transparent plug-in of various group communication protocols with no modification of existing CORBA. We extend the open communications interface (OCI) to support interoperability, reusability of existing group communication, and independency on ORB and OS. We also define the group communication inter-ORB protocol (GCIOP) as a …

Design And Characterization Of Null Convention Self-Timed Multipliers, Satish K. Bandapati, Scott C. Smith, Minsu Choi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Self-timed multipliers, designed using the delay-insensitive null convention logic (NCL) paradigm, were analyzed. NCL require less power, generate less noise, produce less electromagnetic interference, and allow easier reuse of components. Simulation results show a large variance in circuit performance in terms of power, area, and speed. NCL paradigm also represent bit-serial, iterative, and fully parallel multiplication architectures. They reduce the effort required to ensure correct operation under all timing scenarios, compared to equivalent synchronous designs.

Vector Dissipativity Theory For Discrete-Time Large-Scale Nonlinear Dynamical Systems, Wassim M. Haddad, Qing Hui, Vijaysekhar Chellaboina, Sergey Nersesov

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering: Faculty Publications

In analyzing large-scale systems, it is often desirable to treat the overall system as a collection of interconnected subsystems. Solution properties of the large-scale system are then deduced from the solution properties of the individual subsystems and the nature of the system interconnections. In this paper, we develop an analysis framework for discrete-time large-scale dynamical systems based on vector dissipativity notions. Specifically, using vector storage functions and vector supply rates, dissipativity properties of the discrete-time composite large-scale system are shown to be determined from the dissipativity properties of the subsystems and their interconnections. In particular, extended Kalman-Yakubovich-Popov conditions, in terms …

Detection Of Weak Transitions In Signal Dynamics Using Recurrence Time Statistics, J. B. Gao, Yinhe Cao, Lingyun Gu, J. G. Harris, J. C. Principe

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Signal detection in noisy and nonstationary environments is very challenging. In this Letter, we study why the two types of recurrence times [Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 (1999) 3178] may be very useful for detecting weak transitions in signal dynamics. We particularly emphasize that the recurrence times of the second type may be more powerful in detecting transitions with very low energy. These features are illustrated by studying a number of speech signals with fricatives and plosives. We have also shown that the recurrence times of the first type, nevertheless, has the distinguished feature of being more robust to the noise …

Polyphase Filter With Low-Pass Response, Vladimir I. Prodanov, Peter Kiss, Mihai Banu

Electrical Engineering

A complex low-pass filter that reduces the influence of component mismatch. The filter includes a first filter section for effecting a first single pole transfer function and a second filter section for effecting a second single pole transfer function, where the first and the second single pole transfer functions collectively define a conjugate pair of poles. In higher order low-pass filters, an optimal cascade order follows a shoestring pattern.

Combined Beamforming And Space-Time Block Coding With Sparse Array Antennas, Robert H. Morelos-Zaragoza, Mohammad Ghavami

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Examination Of Focused Beam Propagation Through A Finite Non-Reciprocal Planar Chiral Slab Using Complex Fresnel Coefficients And Dual Transforms, Monish Ranjan Chatterjee, Sumit Nema, Partha P. Banerjee

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Recently, uniform plane wave propagation across a nonchiral-chiral interface was examined via the development of appropriate Fresnel coefficients. In this extension, propagation of focused uniform and profiled beams through a finite, planar nonreciprocal chiral slab is investigated using complex Fresnel coefficients via angular plane wave decomposition and dual transforms.