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The Synthesis And Evaluation Of Some 2-Arylindenes And 2-Aryl-3h-Benz[E]Indenes As Liquid Scintillation Solutes, James Leslie Schornick

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

A scintillator, in the chemical sense, is a system which can convert radioactive particle energy to visible and near ultraviolet photon energy. A phenomenon related to scintillation is fluorescence. The difference between scintillation and fluorescence is the source of excitation energy. In the case of scintillation, the exciting energy comes from radioactive particles, while in fluorescence, the exciting energy comes from ultraviolet light.

Molybdenum-L-Histidine Complexes, Jiing-Yun Lee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

L- Histidine is a very important amino acid and is widely distributed in living systems. In the growth and multiplication of animal cells, it was found that L-histidine is one of the amino acids that must be present. From the kinetic studies of certain enzymes such as chymotrypsin and ribonuclease, it has been proposed that the imidazolyl group of the histidine residue may serve as the basic electron donor, and that the histidine residue in some cases may be the active site of the enzyme. The interactions of L-histidine with heavy metal ions, including Ni (II) (1), Zn (II) (1, …

The Reaction Of Ketosemicarbazones With Lead Tetraacetate, Thomas M. Davies

Masters Theses

Introduction

It has been demonstrated that lead tetraacetate will oxidize ketohydrazones to azoacetates in good yields (11).

R₂C=N-NH-R + Pb(OAc)₄ ------> R₂C(OAc)-N=N-R + Pb(OAc)₂ + HOAc

Since ketosemicarbazones are structurally equivalent to ketohydrazones, it was thought that the reaction of ketosemicarbazones with lead tetraacetate would proceed in a similar manner. Originally the object of this research was to prepare a series of new azo compounds related to semicarbazones by lead tetraacetate oxidation.

Distribution Of Sodium Perchlorate Between Tributyl Phosphate And Water, John A. Tengler

Masters Theses

"The questions posed by Carroll (23) concerning a TBP-H₂O system and an alkali salt -which is appreciably soluble in TBP have been partially answered by the experiments described in this thesis"--Conclusions, page 38.

Chalcone Derivatives From Pyrrole-2-Aldehyde, Ahmad Hamidi

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Claisen first synthesized Chalcone in 1881 by condensing acetophenone with benzaldehyde using sodium methoxide as a condensing agent. Chalcone and its derivatives have been prepared primarily as intermediates for the synthesis of anthocyanins and other related pigments.

In recent years extensive preparation and study of chalcones has been carried out utilizing chalcones for their biological effects in medical and pharmaceutical fields. It has been shown that certain highly substituted compounds present in the flower pigments as additives to adhesive absorb ultraviolet radiation. Carboxylic acid chalcones have become known for their therapeutic action in the treatment of chronic kidney diseases, diseases …

The Protein Of Phleum Pratense, Clifford A. Dean

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

As the chemist increases his knowledge and understanding of the complex and delicate nature of the proteins, many of the methods which are used in the handling and treatment of protein systems need to be reviewed and reexamined in the light of the new information which is now available.

This study has endeavored to take the biologically active protein system from the pollen or timothy grass (Phleum pratense) and examine its stability under currently used methods of extraction, purification, and storage.

New chemical agents were studied in connection with the above mentioned protein tor their possible use in the place …

Energy Migration In Rare Earth Complexes, John Jerome Freeman

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

Complexes of trivalent samarium, europium, terbium, and dysprosium were prepared for investigations of the luminescence properties of complexed rare earth ions. Rare earth chilates derived from benzoylacetone, dibenzoylmethane, and acetylacetone; rare earth chlorides solvated with water and deuterium oxide; and rare earth oxides dissolved in sodium metaphosphate glasses were synthesized for these studies.

Radiochemical Studies: Isotopic Exchange Reactions, Solvent Effects, Preparation And Properties Of Carrier-Free Amalgams, Hans L. Hamster

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

The work described in this section is concerned with the kinetics of an S_N2 reaction, the isotopic exchange reaction between iodide ions and p-nitrobenzyl iodide, carried out in an aprotic solvent, acetone, in the presence of various substituted phenols and anisole. This reaction was carried out at concentration of potassium iodide low enough to insure the absence of ion pairs.

6th Annual Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference Abstracts Of Papers

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Abstracts of papers presented at the 6th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference, sponsored by the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 12-13, 1963.

A Modified Procedure For The Quantitative Determination Of Fluoride And The Application Of This Procedure To A Fluoride Balance Study In Children, Beatrice Shuang Wu

Masters Theses

Introduction

This research problem was done in connection with the fluoride balance studies on twelve children at Plymouth State Home. The retention balance studies of fluoride by children can be studied indirectly by measuring the amounts of fluoride excreted in the urine and feces after administration of the fluoride in water or in vitamins as sodium fluoride. The fluoride balance study was repeated, because in the previous study (19), there were no samples collected for a base day in which the fluoride was not given. The previous data also indicated that fluoride retention was merely a function of the interval …

An Investigation Of Steric Inhibition Of Resonance In Liquid Scintillators, Richard L. Taber

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

It is well known that the replacement of two or more of the ortho hydrogen atoms in the benzene rings of biphenyl by lager atoms or groups hinders the rotation about the l.l'-carbon single bond in the biphenyl system. If the groups are so large that they are unable to pass each other upon rotation of the l,l'-bond, then the two benzene rings are forced to assume a non-planar configuration.

Self-Diffusion In Single-Crystal Tungsten And Diffusion Of Rhenium Tracer In Single-Crystal Tungsten, Robert L. Andelin

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

Self-diffusion in single-crystal tungsten and diffusion of rhenium tracer in single-crystal tungsten have been measured over the temperature range 2660°C to 3230°C by the direct sectioning technique. The initial radioactive layer of tungsten and rhenium tracers was produced on the diffusion samples by bombardment with 9.0-MeV deutrons. It was shown that the initial radioactive layer satisfactorily approximated the boundary-condition requirements of the one-dimensional diffusion equation. The tracers observed in determining the diffusion coefficients were W¹⁸⁵, Re¹⁸³, and Re¹⁸⁴. Diffusion heating of the samples in high vacuum was accomplished by an induction-heating arrangement which included …

Molecular Addition Compounds :|Bi. Systems Of P-Dioxane With Alkyl Halides, Anisole, And Silicon Tetrachloride ; Ii. Titanium Tetrachloride Chargetransfer Complexes Of Benzene, P-Xylene, And Pseudocumene, Nolan F. Mangelson

Theses and Dissertations

Freezing-point diagrams were detennined tor a number or p-dioxane systems. The system, p-dioxane:carbon tetrachloride, was found to contain a 1:2 complex with a congruent melting point of 255.71 °K. This confirmed work reported in the literature. Solid solutions in the region between 0.0000 and 0.4796 mole fraction of p-dioxane were found in the present study. The system, p-dioxane:chloroform, was found to contain a 1:2 complex with a congruent melting point of 215.65 °K. It was determined that no other complexes formed in the solid state. This information resolved contradicting reports in the literature. The system, p-dioxane:dichloromethane, was found to contain …

Nitrite Reactions In Soil, John Otto Reuss

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Losses of soil nitrogen that cannot be attributed to leaching or crop removal have been observed in many field experiments. Several mechanisms have been proposed to account for these losses.

The Kinetics Of The Hydrolysis Of Some 2-Imidazolines, Bobby G. Harnsberger

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

In recent years, 2-imidazolines have become important industrially. Possible applications include uses as drugs, fungicides, emulsifying agents, demulsifying agents, corrosion inhibitors, fuel oil additives and gasoline additives.

Hydrolysis Of Alpha-D-Glucosamine-L-Phosphate, Michael James Pizanis

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Some information on the hydrolysis mechanism of phosphate esters was obtained by studying the kinetics of ∝-D-Glucosamine-1-phosphate.

∝-D-Glucosamine-1-phosphate was synthesized, an experimental pH-rate profile for the hydrolysis of this phosphate was determined at 100 C.

It was proposed that Species I (see page 7) had P-O cleavage with intramolecular proton transfer to ester oxygen. Species II is believed to have the same mechanism of hydrolysis as monoanion of methyl phosphate and monoanion of ∝-D-Glucosamine-1-phosphate. This study indicates that Species III s reactive, while the dianion of methyl phosphate and the dianion of ∝-D-Glucosamine-1-phosphate are inactive. The increased reactivity of Species …

Hydroxy Derivatives Of Benzalthiophenone, John M. Newey

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

It is the purpose of this work to prepare a series of these chalcones containing the thiophene ring.

The compounds were prepared by the condensation of a series of benzaldehydes with acetylthiophene dissolved in dry ethylacetate and saturated with dry HCl. The benzaldehyde compounds were benzaldehyde, m-hydroxybenzaldehyde, o-hydroxybenzaldehyde, O-p-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and vanillin. To prevent the oxidation of the hydroxy groups of the benzaldehydes, the compounds were benzolated with benzoylchloride. The condensed products were debenzoylated with NaOH solution in an atmosphere of nitrogen to prevent oxidation during the debenzoylation process.

5th Annual Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference Program

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Program from the 5th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference, sponsored by the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 6-7, 1962.

5th Annual Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference Abstracts Of Papers

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Abstracts of papers presented at the 5th annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Spectroscopy Conference, sponsored by the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 6-7, 1962.

The Analysis Of Seed Oils Of Six Tropical Plant Species By Gas Chromatography, Justin C. Hamer

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

Several factors influenced the choice of tropical plant seeds studied in this research. Among these factors were: (1) an early interest in the chemistry of natural products; (2) the legends surrounding the use of certain plants by native herb "doctors," and (3) the ready availability of the materials at the beginning of this investigation, which was started in Cuba.

A Spectroscopic Study Of Some Rare Earth Complexes, Richard M. Alire

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

The phenomenon of intramolecular energy transfer was studied using anthranilate, 8-hydroxyquinolate, 2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinolate, and salicylaldehyde rare earth chelates. Line emission characteristic of the rare earth ion was observed whenever the lowest triplet (measured) of the complex was higher in energy than the emitting (resonance) level of the rare earth trivalent ion. The path of energy transfer from the organic portion of the chelate to the rare earth ion was verified as going via the lowest or a nearby triplet state of the complex. Relative quantum yield measurements were made on the anthranilate rare earth series using a photographic method. Gadolinium anthranilate …

High Temperature Vaporization Behavior And Thermodynamic Properties Of Hafnium Diboride, Milton C. Krupka

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

Vaporization of hafnium diboride has been studied in a tungsten effusion cell over the temperature range 2175°K. to 2500°K. A low-melting eutectic at 2520°K. prevented the use of the effusion cell technique at higher temperatures. An ultra-high vacuum apparatus, capable of producing vacuums of the order of 1 x 10^-12 atm. or better and within which the final series of vapor pressure measurements was made, was designed and constructed during the course of this study. The effect of a high background pressure in producing species more volatile than the ones under investigation was considered to have been reduced to …

The Kinetics Of The Exchange Of Chlorine Atoms Between Hydrogen Chloride And Benzyl Chlorides, Warren Bruce

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

The study of the rates of chemical reactions in solutions has received a great deal of attention, primarily because of the relative ease with which such investigations can be persued; however, the great number of publications can never obscure the truth that a rigorous treatment of molecular processes in solutions is not available. The approach to the problem has been through extensions of theories which have their origins in descriptions of gaseous systems, and, with few exceptions, these extensions are firmly grounded on the techniques of classical thermodynamics. Hopefully, future advances in the calculation of the partition functions of molecules …

Complexing Of Sugars And Polyhydroxy Alcohols With Molybdenum (Vi), Su Chin Kiang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Molybdenum is very important in the life processes of both plants and animals. It acts as a catalyst in promoting and controlling many biological reactions in living cells, but exactly what it does and how it functions are not well understood. In the past because of the obvious complexity of the reactions concerned and the extremely minute quantities of molybdenum involved, its presence was long undetected. Lately, molybdenum has drawn special attention on account of its effects on metabolic processes, particularly of plants. In this regard, molybdenum has been shown to be present in four enzymes: nitrate reductase (JJ), xanthine …

Molybdenum Chelates Of 8-Hydroxyquinoline-5-Sulfonic Acid, Ellis Ray Peterson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Man has had an intense interest in the role of enzymes in biological reactions for many years. The basic question -- how enzymes are able to function so efficiently -- remains as yet largely unanswered.

Only in recent years has it been discovered that molybdenum is essential for certain biological processes. For example, traces of molybdenum added to certain soils have resulted in spectacular plant growth (1). Four enzymes are known to contain molybdenum: nitrate reductase (2), hydrogenase (3), xanthine oxidase (4), and aldehyde oxidase (5). In each of these enzymes riboflavin is also present as the coenzyme FAD (flavin …

The Synthesis And Medicinal Chemical Study Of Some Pyridazones, Winnifred M. Osner

Chemistry and Chemical Biology ETDs

An examination of the literature revealed that the majority of pyridazines prepared were substituted in the three and six positions. Therefore, it appeared appropriate to prepare four and five substituted pyridazines.

Studies Involving Modification Of The Megregian Method Of Fluoride Determination And Application To Fluoride Balance Studies In Infants, Gene R. Wright

Masters Theses

Introduction

At the request of Dr. Frederick Margolis, M.D., and in association with The Upjohn Company, this research problem was initiated as a participation in the investigation of whether or not fluoride ingested as a constituent of the Upjohn 47-M liquid vitamin preparation is retained in an infant's body to the same extent as is fluoride ingested as the sodium salt by itself--either in solution or in tablet form. The retention patterns may be studied indirectly by measuring the amounts of fluoride excreted in the urine and in the feces during each of a series of equal time intervals after …

A Study Of The Behavior Of Zirconium In Aqueous Solutions And The Separation Of Radioactive Zirconium By Electrodialysis, Charles William Brauer Jr.

Masters Theses

"Nuclear reactor installations designed for power production must of necessity operate at higher energy levels than their experimental precursors. As these facilities increase in number, better solutions must be found for both technical and economic problems.

The disposal of waste materials is of primary importance and will require greater effort if satisfactory disposal methods are to keep pace with the increase of waste materials, produced by the increasing number of new nuclear facilities. The radioactive materials present in this waste material may constitute a valuable by-product from these operations if suitable and economic recovery procedures are developed. If the development …

Electron Transport Particles From Bacillus Stearothermophilus, Ronald J. Downey, Carl E. Georgi, Walter E. Militzer

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

DOWNEY, RONALD J. (University of Nebraska, Lincoln), CARL E. GEORGI, AND WALTER E. MILITZER. Electron transport particles from Bacillus stearothermophilus. J. Bacteriol. 83:1140- 1146. 1962-Electron-transport particles (ETP) have been isolated from Bacillus stearothermophilus. They are capable of oxidizing such substrates as succinate, malate, diphosphopyridine nucleotide, p-phenylenediamine, and hydroquinone. Difference spectra indicated bands of cytochromes a₃, b, and c. A chromatographic procedure for purification of cytochrome c has been described.

The role of quinonelike intermediates in the ETP was implied by the restorative effect of coenzyme Q and vitamin K₁ on material treated …

A New Approach To General Chemistry Laboratory In College (With) A Laboratory Manual For General Chemistry, Constantine G. Vlassis

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Statement of the problem. This study was carried out to determine: (1) what advantages a laboratory-centered general chemistry course might have over the conventional laboratory course, and (2) whether improved understanding of laboratory work leads to better learning of chemistry. The four following questions were raised in connection with the study or this problem:

1. What is the need for a laboratory-centered course?
2. What has been done in the past to meet this need?
3. Can students learn chemistry more effectively in a laboratory-centered course as compared to the conventional course?
4. Is a laboratory-centered course to be preferred over the conventional course …