Digital Commons Network^™

Physical And Biochemical Assessment Of Mexican Palo Verde Response To Chromium Toxicity, Yong Zhao

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

In the United States, about 1/3 of the 1400 superfund sites have been reported to be chromium contaminated, making chromium the second most common metal found in superfund chemical contamination sites. Chromium removal from soil has commonly been carried out via chemical, physical, and thermal processes. However, these methods are expensive and/or invasive to local ecosystems. In contrast to these techniques, phytoremediation (the use of plants to remove toxic substances from areas containing contamination at low or medium levels) appears to be a cost-effective and environmentally friendly process for chromium removal. However, most reports on chromium phytoremediation suggest that this …

Development Of Novel Ahr Antagonists, Hyosung Lee

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a sensor protein, activated by aromatic chemical species for transcriptionally regulating xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. AHR is also known to be involved in a variety of pathogenesis such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis, asthma, etc. The AHR signaling induced by xenobiotics has been intensively studied whereas its physiological role in the absence of xenobiotics is poorly understood. Despite a number of ligands of AHR have been reported thus far, further applications are still hampered by the lack of specificity and/or the partially agonistic activity. Thus, a pure AHR antagonist is needed for deciphering the AHR cryptic …

Biochemical Characterization Of Human Mismatch Recognition Proteins Mutsα And Mutsβ, Lei Tian

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The integrity of an organism's genome depends on the fidelity of DNA replication and the efficiency of DNA repair. The DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system, which is highly conserved from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, plays an important role in maintaining genome stability by correcting base-base mismatches and insertion/deletion (ID) mispairs generated during DNA replication and other DNA transactions. Mismatch recognition is a critical step in MMR. Two mismatch recognition proteins, MutSα (MSH2-MSH6 heterodimer) and MutSβ (MSH2-MSH3 heterodimer), have been identified in eukaryotic cells. MutSα and MutSβ have partially overlapping functions, with MutSα recognizing primarily base-base mismatches and 1-2 nt ID mispairs …

Explorations In Homeoviscous Adaptation And Mass Spectral Analysis Of Membrane Lipids, Michael Douglas Timmons

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The focus of this dissertation is centered on the mass spectral analysis of lipids and changes occurring in keeping with the concept of homeoviscous adaptation [1]. Homeoviscous adaptation is the process of modification of membrane lipids in response to environmental stimuli [1]. Dissertation investigations applied this concept to prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, and expanded the perception of environmental factors from exogenous organic solvents to intracellular environment.

The field of lipidomics deals with the analysis of phospholipid and fatty acid components of membranes the changes that occur due to environmental stimuli and their biological significance [2-6]. The high sensitivity of mass …

In Vivo Oxidative Stress In Alzheimer Disease Brain And A Mouse Model Thereof: Effects Of Lipid Asymmetry And The Single Methionine Residue Of Amyloid-Β Peptide, Miranda Lu Bader Lange

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Studies presented in this dissertation were conducted to gain more insight into the role of phospholipid asymmetry and amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced oxidative stress in brain of subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and Alzheimer disease (AD). AD is a largely sporadic, age-associated neurodegenerative disorder clinically characterized by the vast, progressive loss of memory and cognition commonly in populations over the age of ~65 years, with the exception of those with familial AD, which develop AD symptoms as early as ~30 years-old. Neuropathologically, both AD and FAD can be characterized by synapse and neuronal cell loss in conjunction with accumulation of …

Synthesis Of Novel Borinic Acids As Potential Hiv-1 Protease Inhibitors, Donald Ray Clayton Iii

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Implementation of antiretroviral treatment has drastically increased both the survival and quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients. While there has been significant success using these life saving drugs, several problems have arisen during their use. Among these major setbacks included the rising incidences of resistance, low bioavailability, and an unacceptable level of toxicity. Consequently, there is an urgent need for the development and production of new inhibitory compounds with increased resistance profiles, higher bioavailability, and decreased toxicity. Recent studies have demonstrated that boron modified peptides are effective inhibitors of aspartic proteases. Furthermore, these boronated compounds have exhibited dual-inhibition along with …

I. Microwave-Influenced Diversity-Oriented Synthesis Of Biologically Relevant Small & Natural-Product-Like Molecules Via Multicomponent Coupling Reactions Ii. Synthetic Studies Toward The Total Synthesis Of The Repeating Tetrasaccharide Unit Of Zwitterionic Polysaccharide Ps A1, Soumava Santra

Wayne State University Dissertations

Microwave-influenced diversity-oriented synthesis of biologically relevant small and natural-product-like molecules via multicomponent coupling reactions (MCCRs) have been investigated. Cheap, readily available starting materials in conjunction of microwave irradiation and employment of environmentally benign solvent (e.g. water) provided a common platform that allowed to access a wide array of structurally and skeletally diverse molecules. The investigation allowed us to establish a new paradigm of diversity-activity relationships (DARs) by tuning reacting components of the MCCRs and proved that in contrary to the conventional use of microwave as a rate accelerating tool, it can be used to influence reactivity of molecules. The method …

Polystyrene-Supported Aluminum Chloride As An Efficient And Reusable Catalyst For Condensation Of Indole With Various Carbonyl Compounds, Bahman Tamami, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Kaveh Parvanak Borujeni

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Crosslinked polystyrene-supported aluminum chloride (PS-AlCl3) is a stable, recyclable and environmental friendly heterogeneous catalyst for the condensation of indole with aldehydes and ketones to afford diindolylmethanes. In addition, PS-AlCl3 shows satisfactory selectivity in the reaction of mixtures of an aldehyde and a ketone with indole. Although AlCl3 is a water sensitive, corrosive and environmentally harmful compound, PS-AlCl3 is a stable and water-tolerant species. The mild reaction conditions, short reaction times, easy work-up, high to excellent yields, chemoselectivity, reuse of the catalyst for at least ten times without significant change in its catalytic activity, low cost, and easy preparation and handling …

Samuel J. Danishetsky And The Synthesis Of Globo-H Antigen, Chelsey Jones

Natural Sciences Student Research Presentations

Samuel J. Danishefsky is a research scientist at the Sloan-Kettering Institute. He uses his knowledge in organic chemistry to make biological advances in cancer research. Danishefsky has been conducting research and experiments on synthesizing anti-cancer vaccines with the use of carbohydrate antigens. Danishefsky has also been conducting research and experiments on homogeneous erythropoietin which could provide insight into how glycoproteins function. Knowledge of glycoprotein would allow scientists to better understand erythropoietin which can treat anemia in chemotherapy patients. All is valuable information in advances in cancer research and cancer research is important because it is a major disease affecting the …

Biointeraction Analysis By High-Performance Affinity Chromatography: Kinetic Studies Of Immobilized Antibodies, Mary Anne Nelson, Annette C. Moser, David S. Hage

David Hage Publications

A system based on high-performance affinity chromatography was developed for characterizing the binding, elution and regeneration kinetics of immobilized antibodies and immunoaffinity supports. This information was provided by using a combination of frontal analysis, split-peak analysis and peak decay analysis to determine the rate constants for antibody–antigen interactions under typical sample application and elution conditions. This technique was tested using immunoaffinity supports that contained monoclonal antibodies for 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Association equilibrium constants measured by frontal analysis for 2,4-D and related compounds with the immobilized antibodies were 1.7–12 × 10⁶ M⁻¹ at pH 7.0 and 25 °C. Splitpeak …

A General Approach For Receptor And Antibody-Targeted Detection Of Native Proteins Utilizing Split-Luciferase Reassembly, Cliff I. Stains, Jennifer L. Furman, Jason R. Porter, Srivats Rajagopal, Richard T. Wyatt, Indraneel Ghosh

Cliff Stains Publications

The direct detection of native proteins in heterogeneous solutions remains a challenging problem. Standard methodologies rely on a separation step to circumvent nonspecific signal generation. We hypothesized that a simple and general method for the detection of native proteins in solution could be achieved through ternary complexation, where the conditional signal generation afforded by split-protein reporters could be married to the specificity afforded by either native receptors or specific antibodies. Toward this goal, we describe a solution phase split-luciferase assay for native protein detection, where we fused fragmented halves of firefly luciferase to separate receptor fragments or single-chain antibodies, allowing …

Toxicodynamics And Biotransformation Of Azaspiracids Incorporating Liquid Chromatography-Tandem-Mass Spectrometry (Lc-Ms/Ms) Techniques., Daniel O'Driscoll

Theses

Azaspiracids (AZAs) are a family of lipophilic polyether marine biotoxins, that have caused a number of human intoxication incidents in Europe since 1995, which was the first incident reported following the consumption by consumers of intoxicated shellfish {Mytilus edulis). This class of phycotoxins has been responsible for extended closures of shellfisheries in various locations around Europe, where levels of AZAl-3 are regulated in shellfish. Since their discovery in 1995, AZAs have become the focus of extensive research, resulting in the discovery of numerous analogues. Only AZAl and AZA2 have been found in phytoplankton and all the other analogues are believed …

Application Of Liquid Chromatography - Tandem Mass Spectrometry For The Determination Of Veterinary Drug Residues In Food Of Animal Origin, Brian Kinsella

Theses

The QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) sample preparation approach was evaluated for the extraction of anthelmintic residues from bovine milk and tissues. Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrom.etry (LC- MS/MS) was used for detection and quantification of residues, which included the benzimidazoles (BZs), macrocyclic lactones (MLS) and the generally overlooked flukicides.

Initial work focused on the optimisation of a QuEChERS method to effectively extract anthelmintic residues from milk and liver. The method involves the extraction of residues with acetonitrile (MeCN) in the presence of salts (MgS04 and NaCl) to induce phase separation. After shaking and centrifugation, …

Development Of Metal-Based Luminescent Probes For Applications In Biomolecular Structure And Dynamics, Ayesha Sharmin

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

New transition-metal complexes containing luminescent properties have been designed and synthesized for application as structural probes for biomolecules. Potential DNA intercalators, 2- amino-anthracene substituted triosmium clusters, were synthesized by the reactions of 2-aminoanthracene with [Os3(CO)10(CH3CN)2]. The products [Os3(CO)10(μ-η2-(N-C(1))-NH2C14H8)(μ- H)], [Os3(CO)10(μ-η2-(N-C(3))-NHC14H9)(μ-H)], [Os3(CO)9(μ-η2-(N-C(3))-NHC14H8)(μ-H)2] and [Os3(CO)9(μ3-η2-(N-C(3))-NHC10H9)(μ-H)] obtained from this reaction have been structurally characterized by spectroscopic, photophysical and electrochemical techniques. Solid state structures are also reported for the complexes [Os3(CO)10(μ-η2-(N-C(3))-NHC14H9)(μ-H)] and [Os3(CO)9(μ-η2-(N-C(3))-NHC14H8)(μ-H)2]. To investigate bio-macromolecular dynamics on the sub-microsecond-to-microsecond timescale, a series of ruthenium based mono-nuclear metalligand charge-transfer complexes (MLCs) of formula [XRu(CO)(L–L)(L′)2][PF6] (X = H, TFA, Cl; L–L = 2,2′-bipyridyl, 1,10-phenanthroline, 5-amino-1,10-phenanthroline …

Some Bioactive Organotin(Iv) Derivatives With 3,4-Dichlorophenylacetic Acid: Synthesis, Spectroscopic Properties, And X-Ray Structure Of [Sn_4(C_4h_9)_8(Oocch_2c_6h_3cl_2)_4o_2], Muhammad Adeel Saeed, Muhammad Khawar Rauf, . Imtiaz-Ud-Din, Amin Badshah, Muhammad Zaeem Akhtar, Bushra Mirza

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Some bioactive organotin(IV) derivatives of 3,4-dichlorophenylacetic acid (HL) were synthesized by reacting the ligand acid with various di- or tri-organotin compounds (in suitable mole ratios) in the presence of triethylamine. The structural investigation was carried out via multinuclear (^1H, ^{13}C, and ^{119}Sn) NMR, IR spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography. The crystal structure of 4 comprises a central Sn_2O_2 core with O atoms bonded to 2 dibutylbis(3,4-dichlorophenylacetato)tin(IV) units. All the Sn atoms of 4 are essentially 5-coordinated in distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometry. Some of the compounds exhibited significant antibacterial and antifungal activity.

Composition Of The Essential Oils Of Pinus Nigra Arnold From Turkey, Ekrem Sezi̇k, Osman Üstün, Bülent Demi̇rci̇, Kemal Hüsnü Can Başer

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Essential oil composition of the needles of Pinus nigra Arnold collected from different localities in Turkey was investigated by GC and GC/MS. The main components in the oils were \alpha-pinene, \beta-pinene, \beta-caryophyllene, and germacrene D.

Synthesis And Antimicrobial Activities Of 2-(5-Mercapto)-1,3-Oxadiazol-2-Ylmethyl-1,2,4-Triazol-3-One Derivatives, Nesli̇han Demi̇rbaş, Ahmet Demi̇rbaş, Hakan Bektaş, Şengül Alpay Karaoğlu, Deni̇z Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

The synthesis of 4-amino-2-[(5-mercapto-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2- yl)methyl]-5-(4-methylphenyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (2) and 4-amino-2-[(4-amino-5-mercapto-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methyl]- 5-(4-methylphenyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (5) was performed starting from 2-[4-amino-3-(4-methylphenyl)-5-oxo-4,5- dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]acetohydrazide (1). The treatment of 2 and 5 with 4-fluorobenzaldehyde (for 8) or salicylaldehyde (for 6) afforded the corresponding Schiff bases (6 and 8). The condensation of 5 with phenacyl bromide produced 4-amino-5-(4-methylphenyl)-2- [(6-phenyl-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazin-3-yl)methyl]- 2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (7). The alkylation of 2 and 8 was carried out by using methyl iodide in basic media. Compounds 3 and 10a,b were prepared by aminoalkylation of 2 and 8 with 4-fluorophenyl piperazine, morpholine, or 4-methyl piperazine in the presence of formaldehyde. The synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities …

An Efficient One-Pot Synthesis Of Dihydropyrimidinones Catalyzed By Zirconium Hydrogen Phosphate Under Solvent-Free Conditions, Mustafa Küçüki̇slamoğlu, Şenol Beşoluk, Mustafa Zengi̇n, Mustafa Arslan, Mehmet Nebi̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A simple, efficient, and practical procedure for the Biginelli reaction using zirconium hydrogen phosphate [Zr(H_2PO_4)_2] as a novel solid acid catalyst is described under solvent-free conditions in high yields. The catalyst exhibited remarkable reactivity and it is reusable.

Synthesis And Antimicrobial Activities Of Some New Biheterocyclic Compounds Containing 1,2,4-Triazol-3-One And 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Moieties, Ahmet Demi̇rbaş, Nesli̇han Demi̇rbaş, Hakan Bektaş, Hacer Bayrak, Şengül Alpay Karaoğlu

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

2-(4-Amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-oxo-4,5--dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol- 1-yl)-N'-[(2,6-dihalogenophenyl)-methylene]acetohydrazides (3a,b) was obtained via the formation of 2-(4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-oxo-4,5- dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)acetohydrazide (2), which was obtained starting from 4-amino-5-(4-chlo\-rophenyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (1) in 2 steps. 2-{[4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-oxo-4,5--dihydro-1H- 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl]acetyl}-N-phenylhydra-zine carbothioamide (4), which was prepared starting from 2, was converted to the corresponding 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivative (5) in acidic media. Moreover, the basic treatment of 4 resulted in the formation of 4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)- 2-[(4-phenyl-5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methyl]-2,4- dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (7). The reactions of compounds 5 and 7 with methyl iodide in the presence of sodium ethoxide afforded the corresponding N-methyl (6) and S-methyl (8) derivatives, respectively. The synthesis of Mannich bases (10a and 10b) was performed from the reaction of 7 with …

Synthesis And Characterisations Of Some New 2,4-Dihydro-[1,2,4]- Triazol-3-One Derivatives And X-Ray Crystal Structures Of 4-(3-Phenylallylideneamino)-5-Thiophen-2-Yl-Methyl-2,4-Dihydro-[1,2,4]Triazol-3-One, Kemal Sancak, Yasemi̇n Ünver, Canan Kazak, Esra Düğdü, Burcu Arslan

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Compounds 2 were synthesised via the reaction of 4-amino-5-thiophen-2-yl-methyl-2,4-dihydro-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-one (1) with aldehydes. Compounds 3 and 4 were obtained from compounds 2 with bromo acetophenone and ethyl bromoacetate, respectively. The synthesis of compounds 2, 3, and 4 and crystal structure of compound 2a are being reported. The molecular structures were identified by IR, ^1H-NMR, ^{13}C-NMR, MS, and elemental analyses. Compound 2a crystallises in the monoclinic P 2_1/n space group, with a = 6.565(5) Å, b = 18.278(5) Å, c = 13.8166(18) Å, \beta = 96.227(5)°, V = 1553.6(14) Å^3, Z = 4. The newly compounds synthesised were screened for their antibacterial …

Determination Of Ceftriaxone, Ceftizoxime, Paracetamol, And Diclofenac Sodium By Capillary Zone Electrophoresis In Pharmaceutical Formulations And In Human Blood Serum, Amber Solangi, Saima Memon, Arfana Mallah, Najma Memon, Muhammad Yar Khuhawar, Muhammad Iqbal Bhanger

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A simple and fairly fast capillary zone electrophoresis method has been developed for the determination and separation of ceftriaxone, ceftizoxime, paracetamol, and diclofenac sodium in a mixture, in pharmaceutical formulations, and in blood serum. A 50 mM sodium tetraborate background electrolyte solution (pH 9.0) was found to be suitable for separation of all the drugs. An uncoated fused-silica capillary of a total length of 57 cm (effective length 50 cm) was used for separation. All the analytes were completely separated within 8.0 min at an applied voltage of 30 kV and detection was performed at 214 nm .Validation of the …

Core/Shell Nanoparticles As Hybrid Platforms For The Fabrication Of A Hydrogen Peroxide Biosensor, Yu-Ho Won, Doreen Aboagye, Ho Seong Jang, Andrei Jitianu, Lia A. Stanciu

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

A Multivalent Dna Aptamer Specific For The B-Cell Receptor On Human Lymphoma And Leukemia, Prabodhika R. Mallikaratchy, Alessandro Ruggiero, Jeffrey R. Gardner, Vitaly Kuryavyi, William F. Maguire, Mark L. Heaney, Michael R. Mcdevitt, Dinshaw J. Patel, David A. Scheinberg

Publications and Research

Long-term survival still eludes most patients with leukemia and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. No approved therapies target the hallmark of the B cell, its mIgM, also known as the B-cell receptor (BCR). Aptamers are small oligonucleotides that can specifically bind to a wide range of target molecules and offer some advantages over antibodies as therapeutic agents. Here, we report the rational engineering of aptamer TD05 into multimeric forms reactive with the BCR that may be useful in biomedical applications. Systematic truncation of TD05 coupled with modification with locked nucleic acids (LNA) increased conformational stability and nuclease resistance. Trimeric and tetrameric versions with …

Synthesis Of Functionalized Gpi Anchors And Related Glycoconjugates, Benjamin M. Swarts

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation is divided into two chapters describing the background, significance, and synthesis of GPI anchors and GPI-anchored molecules. GPI anchors are a class of complex glycolipids with the primary purpose of attaching cell surface proteins/glycoproteins to the cell membrane. The first chapter is focused on the synthesis of functionalized GPI anchors, and begins with an introductory look at the discovery, structure, biosynthesis, and biological functions of GPIs. Then, after surveying progress and achievements in GPI synthesis, including discussion about current strategic shortcomings in the field that prevent the chemical synthesis of various GPI derivatives, our approach to accessing uniquely …

Noninnocent Dithiolene Ligands: A New Oxomolybdenum Complex Possessing A Donor-Acceptor Dithiolene Ligand, Kelly G. Matz, Regina P. Mtei, Belinda Leung, Sharon J. Nieter Burgmayer, Martin L. Kirk

Chemistry Faculty Research and Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Coordination Directed Self Assembly Of Pt/Pd Mono-And Multinuclear Complexes, Robert Moreno

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This research focuses on the development of mononuclear platinum complexes; multinuclear platinum complexes, both of which self assemble into micelles in the presence of water. This work also involved the synthesis of a reverse micelle that allows for detection of water nanocrystals within a defined size molecular envelope. The novel synthesis of these compounds allows for ligand substitution and the creation of a library of compounds.

Titanium Niobium Nano Porous Materials: New Photocatalysts For Water Decontamination, Maryam Zarei Chaleshtori

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Water pollution is major environmental problem worldwide. Many common industrial organic compounds that make their way into water systems can be carcinogenic at trace levels and are difficult and costly to remove completely with conventional technologies. Because of this, authorities and researchers are trying to improve current water cleanup techniques.

Heterogeneous photocatalysts that accelerate the photocatalytic destruction of organic contaminants in water are a potentially inexpensive and highly effective way to remove both trace-level and saturated harmful compounds from industrial waste streams and drinking water. Titanium dioxide has the potential to completely mineralize organic compounds in water under ultraviolet light. …

Measurements Of Platinum Electrode Potential In Blood And Blood Plasma And Serum, Mogely Khubutiya, Anatoly K. Evseev, Vladimir Kolesnikov, Mikhail M. Goldin, Alexei Davydov, Alexander Volkov, Andrey Stepanov

Faculty Publications and Presentations

The method of electrochemical pretreatment of platinum electrode with the goal of standardizing the initial state of electrode surface and its open-circuit potential (OCP) in the blood and other biological media is proposed. The platinum electrode potential is measured in 0.14 M Na2SO4 aqueous solution, in the blood and blood plasma and serum. By the examples of OCP measured in the blood serum of patients with acute poisoning, acute cerebral pathology and patients treated by the method of hyperbaric oxygenation, it was found that the values of blood serum OCP were different for studied pathological states and healthy people.

Garden Of The Gods At Colorado Springs: Paleozoic And Mesozoic Sedimentation And Tectonics, Marcus R. Ross, William A. Hoesch, Steven A. Austin, John H. Whitmore, Timothy L. Clarey

Faculty Publications and Presentations

Exposed along the southeast fl ank of the Colorado Front Range are rocks that beautifully illustrate the interplay of sedimentation and tectonics. Two major rangebounding faults, the Ute Pass fault and the Rampart Range fault, converge on the Garden of the Gods region west of Colorado Springs. Cambrian through Cretaceous strata upturned by these faults reveal in their grain compositions, textures, and bedforms radically different styles of sedimentation. The Cambrian/Ordovician marine transgressive deposits appear to have come to rest on a passive and tectonically inactive craton. In contrast, coarse-grained Pennsylvanian/Permian marine deposits of the Fountain Formation and Lyons Sandstone reveal …

Ohio Conservation Plan: Plains Gartersnake, Thamnophis Radix, Norman Reichenbach, M. Barrie, K. Becka, G. Burghardt, S. Butterworth, C. Caldwell, F. Dierkes, P. Johantgen, K. Stanford, D. Wynn

Faculty Publications and Presentations

This plan outlines strategies and methods used in an ongoing study initiated in 1999 to restore a selfsustaining population of the Plains gartersnake (Thamnophis radix) in Ohio. Restoring a self-sustaining population would require increases in the current population to where the ratios of T. radix to T. sirtalis are approximately 1:1 in multiple locations in Killdeer Plains Wildlife Area (KPWA). This ratio would be similar to what was seen earlier by Reichenbach and Dalrymple (1986) at one site in KPWA.

The plan was developed by a team of enthusiastic conservationists representing, the Division of Wildlife (ODW), the Columbus and Cleveland …