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The Separation Of Piperylene Concentrate By Extractive Distillation, Mary Jane Curnutte

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Piperylene concentrate, the five-carbon olefin and diolefin by-product of ethylene production, is being produced in increasing quantities as liquid feedstocks become more prevalent. At present, the concentrate is used primarily in resin production for the adhesives industry. Since this use is economically unattractive, a separation of the concentrate into pure compounds is industrially desirable. The evaluation of the effectiveness of several solvents for extractive distillation of piperylene concentrate was performed. This study resulted in the selection of acetonitrile as the most effective and most economical solvent investigated. Various distillation conditions were studied and optimization was based on these results.

Pressure Dependence Of Fluorescent And Photolytic Interferences In Ho Detection By Laser-Excited Fluorescence, Thomas M. Hard, Robert J. O'Brien, T. B. Cook

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

In the measurement of HO concentrations by laser-excited fluorescence, expansion of the sampled air offers a way to reduce fluorescent and photolytic interference by other species. The decrease in [HO] upon expansion is balanced by an increase in HO fluorescence yield over a wide range of pressures. Background air fluorescence is reduced if the responsible species have fluorescence yields higher than those of HO. Preliminary experiments indicate that most of the fluorescence observed in laboratory air is due to such species. Upon expansion, the suppression of fluorescent interference can be no greater than the reduction in pressure, whereas the suppression …

Influence Of Las Vegas Wash Density Current On Nutrient Availability And Phytoplankton Growth In Lake Mead, John R. Baker, Larry J. Paulson

Publications (WR)

Density currents are commonly formed in reservoirs because of temperature or salinity induced density differences between inflowing and receiving waters. Anderson and Pritchard (1951) were among the first to demonstrate this in their investigations of density currents in Lake Mead. They found that the Colorado River formed an underflow in Lake Mead during the winter, an overflow in the spring and an interflow in the summer and fall. Wunderlich and Elder (1973) have since described the hydromechanics of these types of flow patterns, and density currents have been reported for several other large reservoirs (Carmack et al. 1979, Johnson and …

Transient Phenomena Of Polymer : Aniline-Formaldehyde Fiber And Copolymer Aniline-Phenol-Formaldehyde Fiber, Ing-On Vibulbhan-Watts

Theses

The rotational viscometer which had a uniform stress, designed by Dr. W. Philippoff was used for measuring the viscosities of 6% L-200 in PRIMOL 355 and Lekutherm x-30. Viscosities of 6% L-200 in PRIMOL 355 (polyisobutylene) was measured to check the change of material that was left in the visometer for almost two years. The result showed that the new viscosities are higher than the older results.

The Kinetics Of Potassium Ferrate Oxidation Of Isopropyl Alcohol, Ethyl Alcohol, And Trimethylacetaldehyde, Ronald Lee Bartzatt

Department of Chemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Conclusion

The main emphasis of this thesis is to describe the reaction rates of potassium ferrate oxidation of various substrates, in relation to solution pH.

For trimethylacetaldehyde the order of dependence (slope ) from pH 7.85 to pH 9.45 is 0.951. This is calculated from - Log k_s versus pH graphing of the data shown in the esults. The correlation coefficient of this graphing is equal to 0.989 and y-intercept = −7.95.

For isopropanol the order of dependence from pH 8.23 to pH 8.44 is 2.45. The correlation coefficient = 0.973, and y-intercept = −18.77. From pH 8.44 to …

The Use Of Thermal Analysis In The Identification And Characterization Of Fibers Of Forensic Interest, Ronald J. Coffey

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates the use of thermal analysis for the identification and characterization of fibers for forensic purposes. Fibers such as polyesters, polyacrylics, polypropylenes and nylon were investigated by Differential Thermal Analysis (D.T.A.) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (T.G.A.) to see if their resulting thermograms were characteristic of each fiber. Also, infrared analysis was performed on each fiber. In addition, such factors as heating rate and sample size along with fiber blends were studied as to their effect on thermograms. As a result of this study several important conclusions may be drawn. Although it was found that for the most part D.T.A. …

Effects Of Pesticides On Immune Competency: Influence Of Methyl Parathion And Carbofuran On Immunologic Responses To Salmonella Typhimurium Infection, Anna M. Fan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Immunologic competence is correlated with resistance to infectious disease which may be affected by exposure to certain compounds. Methyl parathion (MP) and carbofuran (CF) have been reported to affect the development of active immunity in the rabbit and the present research was conducted to quantify the dosage relationships of these two pesticides to both host resistance and acquired resistance in the mouse.

Preliminary study was made on the virulence of Salmonella typhimurium in mice. Mortality rates among infected animals fed Purina Laboratory Chow diet providing 0.08, 0.7 3.0 mg MP/kg/day or 0.1, 0.6, 1.0 mg CF/kg/day along with untreated controls …

Studies Of The Reorientational Relaxation Of Pyridine In Water By Depolarized Rayleigh Light Scattering, C. H. Wang, Scott L. Whittenburg, P. A. Lund, D. H. Christensen

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The depolarized Rayleigh spectra of aqueous solutions of pyridine have been studied using a high‐finesse Fabry–Perot interferometer as a function of temperature and concentration. The Rayleigh relaxation times are found to have a complex concentration and viscosity dependence. The classical Stokes–Einstein–Debye equation for molecular reorientation breaks down in this system. The Rayleigh relaxation time of pyridine molecules is not determined by the macroscopic shear viscosity of the solution. The specific interaction due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between pyridine and water molecules plays a very important role in affecting the relaxation time. At a fixed temperature the plot of …

A Column For The High Pressure Liquid Chromatography Of Some Potentially Hazardous Metal Ions, Stephen R. Friebe

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

A Study On The Concentration Of Citrus Essential Oils By Adsorption, Albert Joseph Kruger

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Deterpenation by concentration of the flavor bearing oxygenated compounds present in Citrus Essential Oils using the column chromatographic method and the parameters affecting the adsorption of these oxygenated compounds at maximum economy versus reasonable efficiency in separation from the non-oxygenated compounds have been studied. Particular attention was given to the maximum number of adsorption-desorption-regeneration cycles that a single column charge could be subjected to before the adsorbent should be replaced. The results of this study suggested the following conditions are of importance with regard to the development of an efficient and economic operation: 1) deactivation of the silica gel column …

Studies Of The Reorientational Relaxation Of Pyridine In Water By Depolarized Rayleigh Light Scattering, Scott Whittenburg

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The depolarized Rayleigh spectra of aqueous solutions of pyridine have been studied using a high‐finesse Fabry–Perot interferometer as a function of temperature and concentration. The Rayleigh relaxation times are found to have a complex concentration and viscosity dependence. The classical Stokes–Einstein–Debye equation for molecular reorientation breaks down in this system. The Rayleigh relaxation time of pyridine molecules is not determined by the macroscopic shear viscosity of the solution. The specific interaction due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between pyridine and water molecules plays a very important role in affecting the relaxation time. At a fixed temperature the plot of …

Chemistry Of The Spring Waters Of The Ouachita Mountains Excluding Hot Springs, Arkansas, George H. Wagner, Kenneth F. Steele

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

This report is based on the chemical analysis of the waters from 93 springs and 9 wells. Springs, when free from metal plumbing, provide an uncontaminated source of the ground water and it was desired to obtain water uncontaminated with metals. A few wells were added to the list, usually because of their unique location in the sampling grid.

An Environmental Study Of The Origin, Distribution, And Bioaccumulation Of Selenium In Kentucky And Barkley Lakes, B. E. Mcclellan, Kenneth J. Frazer

KWRRI Research Reports

Many samples of water, bottom sediment, and fish were analyzed for toxic metal ion content. The samples were collected from several selected sites along Kentucky and Barkley Lakes as well as the Cumberland River and several sub-impoundments along these aquatic systems. Emphasis was placed on selenium, although several other metal ions were determined. The results showed that there are no serious pollution problems with As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb, Se, Sr, Zn, or Zr at any of the sites examined. Actually, none of the trace metals examined even come close to the EPA limits on fish, with the exception …

Purification, Growth, Structure, Optical And Electrical Properties Of Single Crystals Of The Π-Molecular Complex Of Phenothiazine With Pyromellitic Dianhydride, R. Anthonj , N. Karl, Beverly E. Robertson, John J. Stezowski

John J. Stezowski Publications

Single crystals of the black phenothiazine : pyromellitic dianhydride (PTZ:PMDA) 1:1 donor–acceptor complex, have been grown by sublimation from the zone-refined components. The PTZ:PMDA complex crystalizes with PĪ symmetry (Z = 2), a = 7.197(1), b = 19.072(5), c = 6.886(1) Å, α = 84.79(1) °, β = 72.98(1) °, γ = 85.72(2) ° at T = 23 °C. The crystal structure model was refined with 5214 data { (sin ζ/λ)_max = 0.8071 Å^–1} to give R = 0.049 and R_w = 0.089. The crystal packing consists of two polar endless ...DADA... stacks related to …

Adaptative Alteration In Phospholipid Composition Of Plasma Membranes From A Somatic Cell Mutant Defective In The Regulation Of Cholesterol Biosynthesis, Michael Sinensky

Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences

A somatic cell mutant (CR1) of a Chinese hamster ovary cell (CHO-K1) which has previously been shown to be defective in the regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis accumulates more cholesterol than the parental cell line in plasma membranes. Although such an increase in membrane cholesterol should lead to an increase in the order parameter of these membranes, as measured with an electron spin resonance spin probe, the order parameters of mutant and wild-type plasma membranes are identical--apparently because of an adaptive alteration in membrane phospholipid composition. The phospholipid compositions of mutant and wild-type cell plasma membranes are compared and the mutant …

Gas Phase Hydrogen Permeation In Alpha Titanium And Carbon Steels, Donald L. Johnson, Kiritkumar K. Shah, Bruce H. Reeves, Vijay L. Gadgeel

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Commercially pure titanium rods were machined into hollow cylinders and gas-phase permeation and diffusion measurements obtained with a quadrupole residual gas analyzer at temperatures between 400-800°C and pressures between 0.533 and 266.6 Nrn^-2. Pressure dependence measurements established that phase boundary reactions as well as lattice diffusion control the transport process. Lag-time data yield excellent agreement with the diffusivity data of Wasilewski and Kehl and Papazoglou and Hepworth for the case where phase boundary reactions are taken into account. The best value of the diffusivity is D = 2.1 x 10^-2 exp (-50,40O/RT). Analysis of lag-time data reveals …

The Limnological Status Of Lake Mead And Lake Mohave Under Present And Future Powerplant Operations Of Hoover Dam, Larry J. Paulson, John R. Baker, James E. Deacon, U.S. Water And Power Resources Service

Publications (WR)

The ever-increasing demand for energy in the southwest has led to a search for additional sources of power generation. Coal-fired powerplants currently provide most of the baseline energy in the southwest, but this must be supplemented with hydroelectric power during periods of peak demand. In order to provide additional peaking power, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation is considering a number of projects to modify existing hydroelectric facilities, or add new facilities in the Lake Mead Recreation Area. The Hoover Powerplant Modification Feasibility Investigation was authorized by Congress on December 16, 1975 to determine the feasibility of: (i) adding one or …

A Study Of Ylide Extractions Of Mercury In Fish And Water Using Cold Vapor Flameless Atomic Absorption Techniques, Howard Vail

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Cold vapor flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry is an analytical method used in the determination of mercury. Its sensitivity is less than one part per billion using a 100 milliliter sample, and there are virtually no interferences from other metal ions. The method is best carried out making use of a permanganate-persulfate oxidation step with heat.

The ylide, triphenylphosphoniumcyclopentadienylide (CpPPh₃), which extracts mercury almost quantitatively from water, was used in attempts to remove mercury from exposed goldfish. Though not toxic to the fish, CpPPh₃ did not significantly lower mercury levels. Evaluation of CpPPh₃ as a possible phase …

Synthesis And Reactivity Of Some Fe(0) And Ru(0) Compounds, Michael E. Hawkins

Masters Theses

The catalytic activity of the compounds used in this study, Ru[P(C₆H₅)₃]₄ (η²-CH₃CN)⋅CH₃CN, Ru(CO)[P(C₆H₅)₃]₃CH₃CN, Ru(CO)₂[P(C₆H₅)₃]₃, Fe(CO)₂[P(C₆H₅)₃]₃ was compared using the isomerization of allylbenzene to β-methylstyrene as the test reaction. The measured decreasing order of reactivity for these complexes is: Ru(CO)[P(C₆H₅)₃]₃CH₃CN > Ru[P(C₆H₅)₃]₄ (η …

A Numerical Method For The Solution Of The Schrödinger Equation By A Trial Wavefunction Improvement Formula, Chun-Sheng Ko

Masters Theses

A numerical method and corresponding computer algorithm for solving the one-dimensional radial Schrödinger equation to any desired accuracy is developed. The method uses a finite difference scheme in which an initial trial wavefunction is digitalized over a lattice covering the region of integration. The values of a rough solution are then altered at each lattice point by a simple improvement formula decreasing the value of the variational energy until the desired minimum is reached. The accuracy of these solutions depends only on the grid size. This method is characterized and tested with a harmonic oscillator potential. Practical evaluations and applications …

Interaction Of Cocaine With Some Central Dopominergic And Serotonergic Mechanisms, Mark Harold Berman

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The present study ln male Wistar rats was designed to rate and analyze six specific cocaine-induced behaviors. These behavioral parameters have been defined by others as either dopaminergic (sniffing, grooming, and locomotor activity) or serotonergic (repetitive head movements, rearing, and Straub tail) in origin.

Results were analyzed by analysis of variance in two ways : (i) as grouped dopaminergic or serotonergic scores, and (ii) as the net behavioral index (dopaminergic scores minus the serotonergic scores). The purpose of approaching the data in this way was to attempt to define the behavioral interactions of the two neurotransmitters.

One conclusion that developed …

The Electrochemical Oxidation Of Substituted Catechols, Michael D. Ryan, Alice Yueh, Wen-Yu Chen

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

The oxidation of substituted catechols was studied by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, rotating ring‐disk electrode, and coulometry. The results showed that the quinones that were formed from the oxidation of substituted catechols reacted with the basic forms of the starting material to yield the dimeric product. These products were generally unstable and rapidly polymerized or underwent some other irreversible reaction to form an electroinactive product. For 3,4‐dihydroxyacetophenone and propriophenone, the intermediate was stable long enough to be observed in cyclic voltammetry. The rate of the coupling reaction was found to correlate well with the Hammett ρ‐σ parameters and indicated that there …

Transport Of Ozone Across An Air/Water Interface Coupled With Aqueous Decomposition, Ahmad Ali Mehrabzadeh

Dissertations and Theses

Photoacoustic spectroscopy was used to analyze the transport of ozone through the air/water interface. Experimental results showed that the ozone transport rate is similar to rates measured for other gases of low solubility and low reactivity. The transport rate increases with increasing pH. The decomposition rate of ozone was studied in solutions. The decomposition rate also depends on the pH of the solution, and in high pHs both the deposition velocity and the decomposition rate constant of ozone have larger values. The value of the deposition velocity (Kd) is 3.7 ± .9 x 10^-3 cm/sec and the decomposition rate …

Ruthenium-Catalyzed Hydrogenation Of Aqueous Sodium Bicarbonate, Duane P. Covino

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

This research report investigated the ruthenium-catalyzed hydrogenation of aqueous sodium bicarbonate. Subjects of the investigation included: the "blank" effect of the 316 stainless steel reactor in the batch mode; the catalytic activities at 150°C for unsupported ruthenium, including ruthenium purge and the metal produced from the in situ reduction of RuCl3·1-3H2O and Ru(IV)O2·H2O; the catalytic activities at 150°C for supported ruthenium including 4.05% w/w ruthenium on alumina, 5.25 and 20.85%w/w ruthenium on molecular sieve SK-41 (ammonium - substituted Y-type), 3.34 and 17.48% w/w ruthenium on SK-41 (prepared by the in situ reduction of the RuCl3·1-3H2O exchange sieve); orders of reaction …

Cyclodimerization Of 1,3-Pentadiene With Homogeneous Nickel Catalyst, Morteza Soltani

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Piperylene concentrate is a complex mixture of 5-carbon unsaturated hydrocarbons obtained as by-products when naptha or gas oils are cracked. The major component in this mixture is 1,3-pentadiene. The cyclodimerization of 1,3-pentadience in piperylene concentrate by using a nickel catalyst was studied. Various types of ligands were used in the preparation of the nickel catalyst. The effect of each ligand on activity of the catalyst in dimerization of diene, on conversion, and on yield of reaction were investigated. The effect of reaction conditions, such as temperature, pressure, and reaction time, on conversion of monomer, yield of dimer, and selectivity of …

Luminescence In Slipped And Dislocation-Free Laser-Annealed Silicon, R.H. Uebbing, P. Wagner, H. Baumgart, H. J. Queisser

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Photoluminescence of cw laser-annealed silicon shows a dramatic difference in electronic behavior of the reconstructed material depending upon either creation or suppression of dislocations. Beyond a critical exposure time slip appears, and the luminescence of these samples is dominated by dislocation-related defect levels.

Separation Of 1,3-Pentadiene From A Five-Carbon Olefin Mixture By Use Of 13x Molecular Sieves, Samuel G. Maller

Retrospective Theses and Dissertations

Piperylene concentrate is a complex mixture of 5-carbon unsaturates. The major components are trans-1,3-pentadiene and cyclopentene. The object of this work is to form a product high in cyclopentene and a product high in the pentadienes, through the use of 13X zeolite molecular sives. Separation by molecular sieves is difficult because of the tendency of trans and cis pentadience to polymerize o the sieve and to thus decrease the adsorptive capacity of the sieve. Nitrogenous bases (dimethylamine, pyridine, and piperidine) were used in an attempt to neutralize any acid sites on the sieve. Dealumination by EDTA was used to decrease …

Concentrations Of Total Dissolved Solids And Selected Cations In Dardanelle Lake, Arkansas, David M. Chittenden Ii

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Factors Affecting The Sr-90 Concentration In Dardanelle Lake, Arkansas, David M. Chittenden Ii

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

A Study Of The Photolysis Of O-Methyl Podocarpinitrile Oxide, Dianne Marie Hunter

Dissertations and Theses

The photolytic reaction of 0-methyl podocarpinitrile oxide to yield the δ-lactam (shown below) was studied under various conditions such as: solvent (hexane, methanol), mercury lamp wattage (lOOW, 450W), filter (Pyrex, Corex, Vycor), and additives (dichloromethane, hexafluorobenzene). The reactions were analyzed with IR, NMR and HPLC. Preparative medium pressure liquid chromatography and TLC were used in the δ-lactam isolation. The conditions resulting in the optimum yield of δ-lactam were determined. The photolytic stability of the δ-lactam under the conditions in which it was formed indicated that it was relatively stable only in hexane.