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Computers And Learning, William K. Purves, Mary E. Williams Jan 1998

Computers And Learning, William K. Purves, Mary E. Williams

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

The important questions for instructors to address concern what skills the student is to learn and how the student is to be motivated to acquire those skills. Questions about simulations, graphics tools, and the like are unimportant until the first two questions have been answered adequately. We discuss the role of explanation by students and describe a mechanism for motivating students to learn.


Assembly Of The Herpes Simplex Virus Capsid: Preformed Triplexes Bind To The Nascent Capsid, Juliet V. Spencer, William W. Newcomb, Darrell R. Thomsen, Fred L. Homa, Jay C. Brown Jan 1998

Assembly Of The Herpes Simplex Virus Capsid: Preformed Triplexes Bind To The Nascent Capsid, Juliet V. Spencer, William W. Newcomb, Darrell R. Thomsen, Fred L. Homa, Jay C. Brown

Biology Faculty Publications

The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) capsid is a T=16 icosahedral shell that forms in the nuclei of infected cells. Capsid assembly also occurs in vitro in reaction mixtures created from insect cell extracts containing recombinant baculovirus-expressed HSV-1 capsid proteins. During capsid formation, the major capsid protein, VP5, and the scaffolding protein, pre-VP22a, condense to form structures that are extended into procapsids by addition of the triplex proteins, VP19C and VP23. We investigated whether triplex proteins bind to the major capsid-scaffold protein complexes as separate polypeptides or as preformed triplexes. Assembly products from reactions lacking one triplex protein were …


Evaluation Of Molar Size As A Basis For Distinguishing Wild Boar From Domestic Swine: Employing The Present To Decipher The Past, John J. Mayer, James M. Novak, I. Lehr Brisbin Jr. Jan 1998

Evaluation Of Molar Size As A Basis For Distinguishing Wild Boar From Domestic Swine: Employing The Present To Decipher The Past, John J. Mayer, James M. Novak, I. Lehr Brisbin Jr.

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.


Terminal Restriction Fragment Patterns (Trfps), A Rapid, Pcr-Based Method For The Comparison Of Complex Bacterial Communities, Brian G. Clement, Lucia E. Kehl, Kristin L. Debord, Christopher L. Kitts Jan 1998

Terminal Restriction Fragment Patterns (Trfps), A Rapid, Pcr-Based Method For The Comparison Of Complex Bacterial Communities, Brian G. Clement, Lucia E. Kehl, Kristin L. Debord, Christopher L. Kitts

Biological Sciences

Microbial populations in complex environmental samples are difficult to characterize; current techniques are incomplete and time consuming. We investigated a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method for rapidly comparing bacterial communities independent of culture or cloning. Community 16S rRNA genes were amplified and fluorescently labeled by PCR. The labeled products were digested by a restriction enzyme and the labeled, terminal restriction fragments (TRFs) were separated by electrophoresis and detected by laser-induced fluorescence on an automated gene sequencer. PCR parameters were optimized using an in vitro model community of known organisms. Community comparisons were made between deer fecal pellets, petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated sands …


A New Niche For Vibrio Logei, The Predominant Light Organ Symbiont Of Squids In The Genus Sepiola, Pat M. Fidopiastis, Sigurd Von Boletzky, Edward G. Ruby Jan 1998

A New Niche For Vibrio Logei, The Predominant Light Organ Symbiont Of Squids In The Genus Sepiola, Pat M. Fidopiastis, Sigurd Von Boletzky, Edward G. Ruby

Biological Sciences

Two genera of sepiolid squids—Euprymna, found primarily in shallow, coastal waters of Hawaii and the Western Pacific, and Sepiola, the deeper-, colder-water-dwelling Mediterranean and Atlantic squids—are known to recruit luminous bacteria into light organ symbioses. The light organ symbiont of Euprymna spp. is Vibrio fischeri, but until now, the light organ symbionts of Sepiola spp. have remained inadequately identified. We used a combination of molecular and physiological characteristics to reveal that the light organs of Sepiola affinis and Sepiola robusta contain a mixed population of Vibrio logei and V. fischeri, with V. logei comprising between …


Sex Pheromones Of The Cereal Pest Eurygaster Inte-Gricepsputon (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae)- Atheoretical Study, Lemi Türker Jan 1998

Sex Pheromones Of The Cereal Pest Eurygaster Inte-Gricepsputon (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae)- Atheoretical Study, Lemi Türker

Turkish Journal of Biology

AM1-type molecular orbital calculations were performed on the geometry-optimized struc-tures of various 4-(1', 5' - dimethly -4' - heptenylidene) -1- methylcyclohexene isomers. It was found that the major component (4Z, 4'E isomer) of the sex pheromone of Eurygoaster integriceps is very dissimilar in chemical composition to the other isomers, although the stabilities and heats of the for-mation characteristics are comparable. However, some small molecules resembling only a part of the pheromone might exhibit some partial activity.


Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 And Collagen For Bone Regeneration, Jeffrey O. Hollinger, John M. Schmitt, David C. Buck, Robert Shannon, Seong-Pil Joh, H Daniel Zegzula, John Wozney Jan 1998

Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 And Collagen For Bone Regeneration, Jeffrey O. Hollinger, John M. Schmitt, David C. Buck, Robert Shannon, Seong-Pil Joh, H Daniel Zegzula, John Wozney

Faculty Publications - Department of Biological & Molecular Science

The study reported describes a combination of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and collagen (C) to regenerate bone. Unilateral critical-sized defects (CSDs) were prepared in radii of 32 skeletally mature New Zealand white rabbits. Rabbits were divided evenly among four treatments: autograft, absorbable C (Helistatt), 35 mg of rhBMP-2 combined with absorbable C (rhBMP-2/C), and untreated CSDs. The two euthanasia periods were 4 and 8 weeks. Radiographs were taken the day of surgery, every 2 weeks, and at term and the percent of radiopacity was measured. Data analysis revealed a time-dependent increase in the percent radiopacity with rhBMP-2/C. Histological …


The Use Of Isoelectric Focusing To Assess The Genetic Diversity Of The Cyprinid Fishes: Rhinichthys Cataractae And Rhinichthys Atratulus In West Virginia, Fauzia Alam Miah Jan 1998

The Use Of Isoelectric Focusing To Assess The Genetic Diversity Of The Cyprinid Fishes: Rhinichthys Cataractae And Rhinichthys Atratulus In West Virginia, Fauzia Alam Miah

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

In this study, isoelectric focusing is used to separate proteins of Rhinichthys cataractae and R. atratulus and conventional staining is used to identify alleles of six genes. The objective of this work is to determine whether these methods can effectively assay isozymes that may be used to establish the relationship between anthropogenic stress and genetic diversity. Alleles for LDH-A, LDH-B, EST-A, EST-B, EST-C, and EST-D loci were identified for two species of fish, R. atratulus and R. cataractae. Both fish species are known to be sensitive to anthropogenic stress and known to be widely distributed in stressed environments. Alleles …


The Foraging Ecology Of The Gray Rat Snake (Elaphe Obsoleta Spiloides). Iii. Searching For Different Prey Types In Structurally Varied Habitats [Abstract], Stephen J. Mullin, Robert J. Cooper, William H. N. Gutzke Jan 1998

The Foraging Ecology Of The Gray Rat Snake (Elaphe Obsoleta Spiloides). Iii. Searching For Different Prey Types In Structurally Varied Habitats [Abstract], Stephen J. Mullin, Robert J. Cooper, William H. N. Gutzke

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.


Inter-And Intraspecific Interaction Rates Of Three Species Of Lemurs (Subfamily Lemurinae) In An Enclosure At The Memphis Zoo And Aquarium, Stephen J. Mullin Jan 1998

Inter-And Intraspecific Interaction Rates Of Three Species Of Lemurs (Subfamily Lemurinae) In An Enclosure At The Memphis Zoo And Aquarium, Stephen J. Mullin

Faculty Publications

The use of mixed-species exhibits in zoological parks may influence the types and rates of interactions between individuals housed in such enclosures. Inter-and intraspecific behavioral interactions were observed for three species of lemurs (ring-tailed lemur, Lemur catta; black lemur, Eulemur macaco macaco; and black-and-white ruffed leumur, Varecia variegata variegata; in an enclosure designed to simulate characteristics of their natural habitat. Intraspecific interactions occurred more frequently than interspecific interactions, and little aggression was observed, either between or within species. Intraspecific interactions among black lemurs increased with decreasing ambient temperature. Black lemurs performed more intraspecific mutual contacts than either agonistic behaviors or …


The Foraging Ecology Of The Gray Rat Snake (Elaphe Obsoleta Spiloides)-Visual Stimuli Facilitate Location Of Arboreal Prey, Robert J. Cooper, Stephen J. Mullin Jan 1998

The Foraging Ecology Of The Gray Rat Snake (Elaphe Obsoleta Spiloides)-Visual Stimuli Facilitate Location Of Arboreal Prey, Robert J. Cooper, Stephen J. Mullin

Faculty Publications

We examined the responsiveness of adult gray rat snakes to avian prey in enclosures that simulated natural habitat conditions. Subjects searched for arboreal nest contents in the presence or absence of a bird model flown so as to simulate avian provisioning behavior. In the absence of the model, gray rat snake latency to capture prey was over 92 % greater than when searching for nest contents with the model. Snakes responded to model flight by turning their heads in the direction of its movement. We conclude that gray rat snakes perceive relatively distant visual cues from prey, and that nest …


Genetic Variation Among Populations Of River Otters In North America: Considerations For Reintroducing Projects, Thomas L. Serfass, Robert P. Brooks, James M. Novak, Paul E. Johns, Olin E. Rhodes Jr. Jan 1998

Genetic Variation Among Populations Of River Otters In North America: Considerations For Reintroducing Projects, Thomas L. Serfass, Robert P. Brooks, James M. Novak, Paul E. Johns, Olin E. Rhodes Jr.

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis was used to assess variability at 23 presumptive gene loci of 732 river otters obtained from fur-trappers in 18 states and three Canadian provinces. States and provinces providing otters were sorted into eight geographic regions for genetic comparisons. Multilocus heterozygosity and polymorphism ranged from 0.018 to 0.032 and 0.044 to 0.087, respectively. One locus, esterase-2, (EST-2) demonstrated a high level of polymorphism throughout all regions. Malate dehydrogenase-1 (MDH-1) was polymorphic throughout the Mississippi drainage but not elsewhere. Heterozygosity, occurrence of rare alleles, and mean number of alleles per locus were associated positively with estimated population sizes. …


Cyperus Fuscus (Cyperaceae), New To Missouri And Nevada, With Comments On Its Occurrence In North America, Paul Mckenzie, Brad Jacobs, Charles Bryson, Gordon Tucker, Richard Carter Jan 1998

Cyperus Fuscus (Cyperaceae), New To Missouri And Nevada, With Comments On Its Occurrence In North America, Paul Mckenzie, Brad Jacobs, Charles Bryson, Gordon Tucker, Richard Carter

Faculty Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.


Impact Of Temperature Acclimation On Photosynthesis In The Toxic Red-Tide Dinoflagellate Alexandrium Fundyense (Ca28), Oscar Schofield, Joseph Grzymski, Mark A. Moline, Raffael J.M. Jovine Jan 1998

Impact Of Temperature Acclimation On Photosynthesis In The Toxic Red-Tide Dinoflagellate Alexandrium Fundyense (Ca28), Oscar Schofield, Joseph Grzymski, Mark A. Moline, Raffael J.M. Jovine

Biological Sciences

This study assessed the impact of temperature on the photosynthetic activity in the dinoflagellate Alexandrium fundyense (Ca28) for cultures grown at 75 µmol photons m–2 s–1 over a range of temperatures. Increasing light intensity under static temperatures caused a 5-fold decrease in the maximum quantum yield for photosystern II (PSII) (FvlFm) Carbon fixation rates mirrored high-light depressions in (FvlFm). Cells in the presence of streptomycin showed an 83% recovery in (FvlFm); therefore, only a minor proportion of the decline in (FvlFm)was attributable …


Photoadaptive Response During The Development Of A Coastal Antarctic Diatom Bloom And Relationship To Water Column Stability, Mark A. Moline Jan 1998

Photoadaptive Response During The Development Of A Coastal Antarctic Diatom Bloom And Relationship To Water Column Stability, Mark A. Moline

Biological Sciences

The ratio of the xanthophyll pigments diadinoxanthin and diatoxanthin to chlorophyll a [(DD + DT): Chl a] was used as a photoadaptive index during the development of a large Antarctic diatom bloom. This index was found to track fluctuations in the incident solar irradiance and the in situ light field over a 3-order-magnitude change in the water column biomass. Depth profiles of the (DD + DT): Chl a ratio showed that the upper mixed layer, assessed by physical data, was in fact stable over the course of the month. Diel experiments conducted over the same period showed a delayed …


Tapeinosperma Alatum (Myrsinaceae): A Remarkable New Species From Ceram, Diane Holland, P.F. Stevens Jan 1998

Tapeinosperma Alatum (Myrsinaceae): A Remarkable New Species From Ceram, Diane Holland, P.F. Stevens

Biology Department Faculty Works

A new pachycaul species Tapeinosperma alatum D.E. Holland & P.F. Stevens (Myrsinaceae) is described from South Central Ceram. It is characterized by its huge leaves, over 1 m long, and congested, almost Gunnera-like. inflorescence. The distinctive distribution of the Papuasian pachycaul species of Tapeinosperma is briefly compared with that of a number of other unrelated taxa.


Magnetostratigraphy Of Cueva Del Aleman, Isla De Mona, Puerto Rico And The Species Duration Of Audobon's Shearwater, Bruce C. Panuska, John M. Mylroie, Darrell Armentrout, Donald A. Mcfarlane Jan 1998

Magnetostratigraphy Of Cueva Del Aleman, Isla De Mona, Puerto Rico And The Species Duration Of Audobon's Shearwater, Bruce C. Panuska, John M. Mylroie, Darrell Armentrout, Donald A. Mcfarlane

WM Keck Science Faculty Papers

Magnetostratigraphic analysis of deposits exposed in Cueva del Aleman shows two reversed and two normal chronozones. The lower normal polarity event is observed in a clastic dike and probably predates initial cave formation. Sediments deposited inside the cave proper show a R-N-R sequence and probably date to at least 1.8 Ma. A fossiliferous clastic dike contains normal polarity with an overlying reversed magnetozone. Audubon’s Shearwater (bird) bones occur in the dike, which is tentatively correlated with the lower N polarity zone predating cave formation. If this correlation is correct, the Audubon’s Shearwater (Puffinus lherminieri) range can be extended back to …


Sister Chromatid Exchange In Cultured Humanlymphocytes Treated With Carbosulfan, Ethlycarbamate And Ethly Methanesulfonat Separatelyand In Mixtures, Eyyüp Rencüzogullari, Mehmet Topaktas Jan 1998

Sister Chromatid Exchange In Cultured Humanlymphocytes Treated With Carbosulfan, Ethlycarbamate And Ethly Methanesulfonat Separatelyand In Mixtures, Eyyüp Rencüzogullari, Mehmet Topaktas

Turkish Journal of Biology

The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of Carbosulfan (the effective ingredient in Marshal, a carbamate insecticide/nematocide), Ethyl Carbamate (EC=carcinogen and Ethyl Methanesulfonat (EMS=mutagen) separately and in mixtures to induce sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in human lymphocytes and to nivestigate whether the test substances, as a mixture had any syn-ergistic or antogonistic effect. Carbosulfan separately weakly induced SCE during the 48 hour treat-ment. Although EC separately could not induce SCE, EMS separately induced dose-dependently SCE at 24 and 48 hour treatments. EC increased the RI, while Carbosulfan and EMS decreased it during the 48 hour treatment. The …


The Effect Of Temperature On Post Feeding Metabolism In House Finches (Carpodacus Mexicanus), Shana L. Vifian Jan 1998

The Effect Of Temperature On Post Feeding Metabolism In House Finches (Carpodacus Mexicanus), Shana L. Vifian

Honors Theses, 1963-2015

In this study I measured resting metabolic rate (RMR), costs of thermoregulation, and specific dynamic action (SDA) in House Finches and I tested the hypothesis that SDA heat substitutes for costs of thermoregulation at low temperatures in House Finches. Oxygen consumption of both bed and fasted birds was measured at three different temperatures (5 C, 15 C, and 30 C) using an open flow metabolism system and converted to metabolic rate (kJ/hr) using caloric equivalents. RMR, obtained from the fasted metabolic rate within the thermoneutral zone (30 C) was 1.65+.10 kJ/hr. Costs of thermoregulation at 15 C and 5 C …


Population Genetics And Pattern Of Larval Dispersal Of The Endemic Hawaiian Freshwater Amphidromous Gastropod Neritina Granosa (Prosobranchia: Neritidae), Marc H. Hodges, Fred W. Allendorf Jan 1998

Population Genetics And Pattern Of Larval Dispersal Of The Endemic Hawaiian Freshwater Amphidromous Gastropod Neritina Granosa (Prosobranchia: Neritidae), Marc H. Hodges, Fred W. Allendorf

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Protein electrophoresis was used to study the population genetics of the endemic Hawaiian freshwater amphidromous gastropod Neritina granosa Sowerby. The genetic information was used to infer the pattern and degree of planktonic larval dispersal. Samples were taken from 12 streams located throughout the Hawaiian Archipelago during July, August, and September 1991. Overall mean heterozygosity was 0.052. Heterozygote deficiency was comparable with that found in other mollusks and marine invertebrates. Gene flow was substantial and was generally sufficient to maintain similar allele frequencies among stream populations. An island model of migration was indicated. However, significant heterogeneity among populations was observed and …


Systematic Studies And Conservation Status Of Claytonia Lanceolata Var. Flava (Portulacaceae), J. Stephen Shelly, Peter Lesica, Paul G. Wolf, Pamela S. Soltis, Douglas E. Soltis Jan 1998

Systematic Studies And Conservation Status Of Claytonia Lanceolata Var. Flava (Portulacaceae), J. Stephen Shelly, Peter Lesica, Paul G. Wolf, Pamela S. Soltis, Douglas E. Soltis

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

A biosystematic study of Claytonia lanceolata and related taxa in the Rocky Mountains was undertaken to evaluate the taxonomic status of C. lanceolata var. flava. This study was part of a broader assessment to determine the need for protection of the latter taxon under the federal Endangered Species Act. Electrophoretic and morphological studies revealed that C. lanceolata var. flava in Southwestern Montana and northwestern Wyoming represents a distinct diploid species (n=8) whose populations consist of yellow and/or white-flowered plants. Morphological, allozyme, and cytological data all indicate that this taxon does not belong in the C. lanceolata complex, but is …


A Study Of Morphological Character Displacement In The Social Wasp, Polistes Fuscatus, Noah K. Whiteman Jan 1998

A Study Of Morphological Character Displacement In The Social Wasp, Polistes Fuscatus, Noah K. Whiteman

Honors Theses, 1963-2015

According to competition theory, when a population lives sympatrically with competitor populations, the variation in morphological characteristics within each population should be reduced. In allopatric populations, the variation in these characteristics should increase. I examined morphological character displacement in Polistes fuscatus populations in a north-south latitudinal gradient across the United States. P. fuscatus is sympatric with at least five other congeneric species in U.S. Gulf Coastal areas. As latitude increases, the number of species is reduced, and only P. fuscatus is found in Minnesota. Therefore, body size variation of P. fuscatus in Minnesota was predicted to be broader than the …


The Effects Of Pesticides On The Common Leopard Frog, Rana Pipiens: A Hematological Study, Jennifer L. Loos Jan 1998

The Effects Of Pesticides On The Common Leopard Frog, Rana Pipiens: A Hematological Study, Jennifer L. Loos

Honors Theses, 1963-2015

Deformed frogs are appearing frequently in the wild. Speculations of the cause of deformities are pesticides, chemicals, viruses, parasites, and ultra-violet light. I am examining the blood for chromosome fragments, micronuclei, which result in a loss of genetic material during replication and could produce deformities. Some studies on amphibians show that organisms exposed to various chemicals have a higher incidence of micronuclei than organisms without chemical exposure. By studying the blood of the common leopard frog tadpoles, Rana pipiens, exposed to the herbicide atrazine I attempted to discover if atrazine significantly alters the number of micronuclei in the red blood …


Circadian Rhythms Of Body Temperature And Metabolic Rate In The House Sparrow (Passer Domesticus), Pericles P. Regas Jan 1998

Circadian Rhythms Of Body Temperature And Metabolic Rate In The House Sparrow (Passer Domesticus), Pericles P. Regas

Honors Theses, 1963-2015

Birds maintain a fairly high body temperature (Tb) compared to most mammals. In order to maintain a high Tb birds must have a high metabolic rate. High daytime energy expenditures are decreased during the night by lowering Tb. In this experiment daily Tb in house sparrows (Passer domesticus) were determined by telemetry methods. Tb (n=6) showed a decrease of 3.00 C from daytime to night time. The average daytime Tb was 42.7 C and night time was 39.7 C. Oxygen consumption (VO2) was measured in an open flow metabolism system. Metabolic rate had a …


Bumblebee Pollination Ecology In A Restored Prairie Ecosystem: Foraging Rates, Pollen Sources, And Resource Partitioning, Mary Margaret Price Jan 1998

Bumblebee Pollination Ecology In A Restored Prairie Ecosystem: Foraging Rates, Pollen Sources, And Resource Partitioning, Mary Margaret Price

Honors Theses, 1963-2015

A major factor in evaluating the success of prairie, and other, ecosystem restoration projects is a determination of the extent to which pollinator communities have been reestablished along with the flora. I studied bumblebee pollination ecology of a prairie restoration project in central Minnesota to determine the extent to which the several bumblebee species were interacting with the reestablished native prairie flora and with each other to reestablish a viable pollinator community. This was accomplished by determining if the bumblebees are majoring, if they are majoring on the native prairie plant species conservation efforts are attempting to restore, and if …


The Components Of Feeeding Behavior In The Rotifer Asplanchna Herricki: Attack, Capture, Consumption, Selectivity, And Trophi Morphology, Tony Baumert Jan 1998

The Components Of Feeeding Behavior In The Rotifer Asplanchna Herricki: Attack, Capture, Consumption, Selectivity, And Trophi Morphology, Tony Baumert

Honors Theses, 1963-2015

The rotifer Asplanchna herricki (A. herricki) is an integral predatory species impacting rotifer and algae populations of fresh water lake habitats. In order to determine the feeding behavior and mechanism of A. herricki, stomach content analysis was performed and predator/prey interactions were observed. A. herricki encountered prey randomly, only attacking after physical contact of the prey with the corona. It was found that A. herricki prefers small rotifer prey as opposed to algae. Algae such as Volvox and Pediastrum appeared to deter ingestion due to size or shape. Rotifers such as Keratella cochlearis, Brachionus patulus, …


Specimen Catalog, Polly Campbell Jan 1998

Specimen Catalog, Polly Campbell

Division of Mammals - Field Notes and Catalogs

No abstract provided.


Specimen Catalog, Part 2, Brian D. Frank Jan 1998

Specimen Catalog, Part 2, Brian D. Frank

Division of Mammals - Field Notes and Catalogs

No abstract provided.


Body Condition And The Adrenal Stress Response In Captive American Kestrel Juveniles, Julie A. Heath, Alfred M. Dufty Jr. Jan 1998

Body Condition And The Adrenal Stress Response In Captive American Kestrel Juveniles, Julie A. Heath, Alfred M. Dufty Jr.

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

We examined the adrenal response to handling stress of birds in different body conditions. In order to affect the birds’ body condition, young (73-d old) female American kestrels (Falco sparverius) were maintained for 6 wk on one of three diets: a control diet (fed ad lib.) and two calorically restricted diets. To invoke a stress response, we removed birds from their cages and took repeated blood samples over the course of an hour. All birds responded to handling stress with an increase in plasma corticosterone, but control birds (in good body condition) showed a more rapid increase to …


Heat Shock Protein Synthesis In The Gorgonian Leptogorgia Virgulata, Evelyn Afif Jan 1998

Heat Shock Protein Synthesis In The Gorgonian Leptogorgia Virgulata, Evelyn Afif

Honors Theses

No abstract provided.