Digital Commons Network^™

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: D, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

dacryoid dactyl dactylethra dactylognathite dactyloid dactylopodite dactylopore dactylozooid dactylus dance daphnid dart dart sac Darwinism dauer larvae dauermodification daughter daughter cells daughter cyst day-eye De Vriesianism dealate dealation death deaurate decacanth decalcification decamerous decapodid larvae decathecal decephalic deciduous deck declinate declivitous declivous deconjugation decorticate decumbent decurved decussated dedetermination dedifferentiation defaunate defecate deferent deficiency definition definitive host deflected deflected front deflexed defoliator deformed degenerate degenerate code degeneration dehiscence dehiscent deirids delamination delimitation, diagnosis, differential diagnosis delthyrial delthyrium deltidial deltidium deltoid demanian demarcation deme demersal demibranchs demiplate demiprovinculum Demospongiae denatant dendriform dendrite dendritic thickening dendrobranch dendrogram dendroid dendron dendrophagous dendrophilous denematize denizen …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: E, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

ear eave eaves eburnean ecalcarate ecarinate ecaudate ecbolic eccentric ecdemic ecdysial ecdysis ecdysone ecdysotrophic ecesis echinate echinating Echinodermata echinoderms echinopaedium echinostome echiopluteus Echiura echiurans ecitophile ecium eclectic eclipsed eclosion ecoclimate ecocline ecogeographical ecological ecology ecomorph ecomorphic economic ecoparasite ecophene ecophenotype eco¬phenotypic ecosite ecospecies ecosystem ecotone ecotype ecsoma ectad ectadenia ectal ectally ectoblast ectochone ectocochleate ectocommensal ectocrine ectocyst ectoderm ectodermal ectognathous ectohormones ectolecithal ectomere ectomesenchyme ectomesoderm ectoneural ectooecium ectoparasite ectopara¬sitic ectophagous ectophallus ectopic ectoplasm ectoproct Ectoprocta ectoprocts ectoptygma ectosomal ectosome ectospermalege ectostracum ectosymbion ectosymbi¬ont ectothermal ectotrophous ectozoon ecumenical edaphic edaphic factors edaphon edeagus edentate edentulous edge editum edoeagus effect effector efferent …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: G, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

galea gallery gallicola gallicolae gallicolous galliphagous galvanotaxis galvanotropism gametangiogamy gametangium gamete gametocyte gametogamy gametogenesis gametogenetic gametogeny gametogonium gametogony gametotoky gamma gamobium gamodeme gamogenesis gamogonic gamogony gamones gamophase ganglia gangliate ganglion ganglionic gap gaper gaping gas gaseous gaster gasterostome gasterotheca gastraea gastraeum gastral gastralia gastric gastrilegous gastrocoele gastrocoelus gastrodermis gastro-ileal gastrolith gastroorbital Gastropoda gastropods gastropores Gastrotricha gastrotrichs gastrovascular gastrozooid gastrula gastrular gathering Gause's gelatigenous gelatin gelatine gelatinous geminate gemma gemmate gemmation gemmipara gemmipares gemmule gemmulostasin gena genacerore genae genal genaponta genatasinus gene genera generalized generation generative generitype generotype Gene's genesiology genetic genetics genic genicular geniculate genital genitalia genitointestinal genocline genocopy genodeme …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: N, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

nacre nacreous naiad nail naked nanism nanoid nanitic worker nanometer nanoplankton nanozooid narcosis nasale nascent naso Nassanoff's gland Nassanov's gland Nassanov's gland nasus nasute natal natality rate natant natatory natatory lamellae nates naticid naticiform native natural classification artificial classification natural decrease natural increase natural group natural increase natural requeening supersedure natural selection naupliar eye nauplius eye naupliiform nauplius eye nauplius larva nautilicone nautiliform nautiloid nautiloid navicular neala neallotype neanic neap Nearctic neascus larva nebulous neck neck organ nuchal organ necrobiosis necrocytosis necrophagous necrophoresis necrophoric behavior necrosis necrotize nectar nectobenthic nectocalyx nectophore nectochaeta larva necton nekton nectophore pneumatophore nectopod nectosome nectozooid …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: L, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

labella labellum labellar abductor apodeme labellar basal sclerites labellar mesial sclerite labellar sclerite labellum labial labial area labial disc labial glands labial gutter premental gutter labial kidneys labial nephridia labial lumen premental gutter labial mask labial nephridia labial palp/palpus palpi maxillary palp labial plate labial stipes labiostipes labial suture labial veil oral lappets labiate labidophorous labiella labiellum labile labiostipes labis socii labium bia inner lip labral labropalatum clypeopala¬tum labrum labra labrum-epipharynx lac lacerated lacinia lacinea laciniae lacinia mandibulae lacinia mobilis lacinia mobilis laciniate lacteous lactescent lactic acid lacuna ae lacunar system lacunose lacustrine laeotorma ae laeotropic lagena utriculus Lamarckism lamella …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: M, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

macerate machopolyp machozooid macraner macrergate macrobiota macrocephalic macrocercous macrochaetae macrocilia macrocnemes macrocyte macroesthetes macroevolution macrofauna macrogamete macrogametocyte macrogamy macrogenesis macrogyne macroic macrolecithal macromere macromesentery macromitosome macromolecule macromutation macronotal macronucleocyte macrophage macrophthalmic macroplankton macropore macropseudogyne macropterous macrosclere macroscopic macroseptum macrosiphon macrosymbiont macrotaxonomy macrotrichia macrotype macrurous maculate madrepore madreporic madreporite malacoid malacology malacophilous malapophysis male male-cell malella malleate malleations malleolus malleoramate malleus malli Malpighian maltha mamelon mammillate manca manchette mancoid mandible mandibular Mandibulata mandibulate manducate manica maniform manitruncus manna manometabola mantle manubrium manuscript marble margaritaceous marginalia marginate marine marita marker marmorate marsh marsupium masked mass mastax mastication masticomorphic mastidion mastigobranch mastigobranchia mastigophore …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: I J K, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

I-band I-cells ichnotaxon ichthyophagous iconotype icotype ICZN ideotype idiobiology idiochromatin idiochromosome idiocuticular idiogamy idiogram idiomorphic idionymous idionymy idioplasm idiosoma idiosome idiosphaerotheca idiotaxonomy idiotaxy idiotrichy idiotype idorgan ileocecal ileum imaginal imagination imagine imago imagochrysalis imbricate imbrication immaculate immarginate immature immersed immunity immunogenic imperfect imperforate implex implicate impregnation impressed imprint impunctate inaequipartite inanition inappendiculate inarticulate inaxon inbreed inbreeding incased incertae incidence incidental incipient incised incisions incisor incisura incisure inclinate inclivous inclusion incomplete incrassate incremental incrustation incubation incubatory incudal incudate incudes incumbent incunabulum incurrent incurved incus indented indeterminate index indexes indigenous indigoid indirect inducer induction inductor inductura indumentum indurate indusium industrial inequal inequilateral …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: P, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

P-1 pachynema pachyodont pachytene paedogenesis paedomorphosis paedoparthenogenesis pagina pagiopodous palate palette palidium paliform palingenesis palintrope palisade pallial palliobranchial palliolum palliopedal pallioperitoneal pallium palmaria palmars Palmen's palmula palpation palpifer palpiger palpimacula palpus paludicole palule palus pandemic panduriform Pangaea pangamy pangenesis pan¬mictic panmixia panoistic panthalassic pantherine pantropical panzootic papilioform papilla pappus papula papulous parcidentate parecium parenchyma parenchymella parenchymula paria paries parietes parieto-basilar parivincular parocciput paronychium parsimony parthenapogamy parthenita parthenogenesis parthenote partite parturition paruterine parva parviconoid pastinum patabionts patagia patella pathogen pathogenesis pathognomonic pathology patocoles patronymic paturon paucispiral paunch Paurometabola Pauropoda paurostyle Pavan's Pawlowsky's paxilla Pearman's pecilonymy pecten pectunculate pectus pedalium pedamina peddler …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: O, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

obconical obcordate obese obimbricate obsite objective synonym oblanceolate oblate obligate facultative obligate parasite facultative parasite obligate symbiont facultative symbiont oblique oblique muscles oblique vein obliterate oblong oblong plates oblongum obovate obpyriform obscure obsite obimbricate obsolescence obsolete obtect obtected obtect pupa exarate pupa obturaculum obturator obtuse acute obtusilingues acutilin¬gues obumbrate obverse obverse side of colony obvolvent occasional species occipital occipital arch occipital carina occipital cilia ocular seta occipital condyles occipital foramen foramen magnum occipital ganglion occipitalia occipital margin occipital notch occipital suture occipital tentacle cirrus occiput occipital occludent margin occludent teeth occlusion plate occlusor occult oceanic zone ocellara ocellus ocellar basin …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: H, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

habitat habitude habroderes hackled haem haematodocha haemocoele haemocoelous haemocyte haemolymph haemolysis hae¬mopoietic haemostatic haemoxanthine haft hair haliotoid Haller's halmatometamorphosis halocline halophile halter halteres hamabiosis hamate hamatype hami hamiform hammock hampe hamula hamular hamulohalterae hamulus hamus Hancock's hapaloderes haplobiont haplo-diploidy haploid haplometrosis haplometrotic haploneme haploneural haplont haplophase haplosis haptolachus haptomeri haptomerum haptor Hardy-Weinberg harmonic harmosis harpago harpagones harpes harpoon hastate hastisetae hatching haustellate haustellum haustrulum Hautkorper Hayes' H-band head head-fans heart heautotype hectocotylus heel height heli helical helices helicocone heliophil heliophilic heliophilous heliophobic heliotaxis heliotropism helix helmet helminth helminthiasis helminthic Helminthology helocerous helotism helus hem hemal hemapoiesis hematacyte hematal hematocyte hematodocha …

Telomere Structure And Shortening In Telomerase-Deficient Trypanosoma Brucei, Oliver Dreesen, Bibo Li, George A.M. Cross

Biological, Geological, and Environmental Faculty Publications

Telomerase consists of a reverse transcriptase (TERT) and an RNA that contains a template for telomere-repeat extension. Telomerase is required to prevent telomere erosion and its activity or lack thereof is important for tumorigenesis and ageing. Telomerase has been identified in numerous organisms but it has not been studied in kinetoplastid protozoa. Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of African sleeping sickness, evades the host immune response by frequently changing its variant surface glycoprotein (VSG). The single expressed VSG is transcribed from one of ∼20 subtelomeric 'Expression Sites', but the role telomeres might play in regulating VSG transcription and switching is …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: U V, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

uliginose, uliginous ultradextral ultrasinistral ultrasonic ultrastructure umbel umbilical suture umbilicus umbilicate umbo umbones umbos beak umbonal umbonal angle umbonal cavity umbonal depression umbonal fold umbonal pole umbonal reflection umbonal region umbonal spine umbone umbo umboniform rotelliform umbonuloid umbo-veliger umbraculate umbraculiferous umbrella exumbrella subumbrella umbrella organ sensillum campaniformium unarmed unarticulate uncate unci uncus unciform uncinal plate radula uncinal seta uncinate uncinate mastax uncini uncinus uncus unci undate underbridge undifferentiated undose undulate ungual unguiculus unguiculi unguiculate unguis unguifer unguiferate unguiflexor unguiform unguis ungues ungual uguiculus homodactyl unguitractor unguitractor tendon ungula unguis uniauriculate unibranchiate unicameral unicapsular unicarinate unicellular uniciliate unicolonial unicolorate unicornous unicuspid …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: Q R, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

Q-technique quacking quadrangle quadrat quadrate plates quadricapsular quadricolumella columella quadridentate quadrifid quadrilateral quadrimaculate quadripartite quadripinnate quadriprostatic quadriradiate quadrithecal quadrivalve quartet tetrad quasisocial queen queen control queen substance Quenstedt muscles quick muscle phasic muscle quiescence quiescent quincunx xes quincuncial quinone biochrome cochineal quinones quinquedentate quinquefarious quinquelocular race racemose racemose glands rachidian rhacidian rachiform rachiglossate rhachiglossate rachis rachides rachises radial radial radial apophysis radial cell radial gashes radial growth radial lirae carapace costae radial masses radial-medial cross vein radial muscles radial plates radial processes radial ribs radial sector radial skeleton radial symmmetry bilateral symmetry radial vein radianal plate radiate radiate radiate veins …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: S, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

sabulose sabulous sac saccate saccharobiose sacciform saccule saccus sacoglossa saddle Saefftigen's sagittae sagittocysts saliva salivarium salivary saltation Saltatoria saltatory saltigrade sanguinivorous sanidasters sapphirine saprobe saprobiont saprobiotic saprophagous saprophyte saprozite saprozoic saprozoite sarcobelum sarcode sarcolemma sarcolysis sarcomere sarcomeric sarcophagous sarcoplasm sarcoplasmic sarcosomes sarcostyle sarcotheca sarothrum saxicavous saxicolous scabellum scabrous scalariform scalaroid scalids scalpellum scalpriform scansorial scape scaphe scaphiform scaphium scaphocerite scaphognathite scaphoid Scaphopoda scapula scapus scarabaeiform scarabaeoid scarified scariose scatophagous scavenger scent sceptrules schemochrome schistosomula schizeckenosy schizocele schizochroal schizocoel schizodont schizogamy schizogenesis schizolophe schizopeltid schizopod schizorhyses Schmidt's Schwann scissorial scissure sclerification sclerite scleroblasts sclerocyte sclerophagous sclerosepta sclerotic scoleces scolecid scoleciform scolecoid …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: T, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

tabula tabular tachyauxesis tachyblastic tachygen tachygenesis tachytelic tactic tactile tactoreceptors taenia taeniate taenidium taenioglossate tagma tagmata tagmosis tail tailfan Takakura's talon talus tandem tangent tangoreceptor tanylobous tapetal tapetum tapinoma-odor Tardigrada tardigrades tarsal tarsation tarsite tarsomere tarsungulus tarsus taste tautonomy tautonym taxa taxes taxis taxis taxodont taxometrics taxon taxonomic taxonomist taxonomy tectiform tectostracum tectum teeth teges tegillum tegmen tegmentum tegula tegular tegulum tegumen tegument tegumentary tela telaform telamon telegonic teleiochrysalis telenchium teleoconch teleodont teleology teleotrocha telepod telescope telescopic teletrophic telioderma teliophan telmophage telocentric telodendria telofemur telogonic telolecithal telomitic telophase telophragma telopod telopodite telorhabdions telosonic telostome telosynapsis telosyndesis telotarsus telotaxis telotroch telson …

Online Dictionary Of Invertebrate Zoology: W X Y Z, Mary Ann Basinger Maggenti, Armand R. Maggenti, Scott L. Gardner

Armand R. Maggenti Online Dictionary of Invertebrate Zoology

Wagener's larva waggle dance walking leg pereopod wall warm-blooded homoiothermal warning coloration sematic aposematic pseudaposematic wart verruca tubercle water pore hydropore Waterston's organ water vascular system wax wax gland wax layer wax-plate wax scale web weighting Weismann's ring ring gland wheel organ white body Hensen's gland white cuticle yellow cuticle wholemount whorl width wild type wing ala winter egg summer egg With's organs workers worker jelly xanthic xanthophyll xanthopterin xanthopterine X-chromosomes xenagones xenic axenic polyxenic synxenic trix¬enic xenobiosis xenoecic xenogamy cross-fertilization xenogenesis heterogenesis xenomone allelochemic xenomorphism xenoparasite xerarch succession xeric xerophilous xerophobous xerosere lithosere hydrosere xerothermic fauna xiphidiocercaria microcotylate cer¬caria …

Taxol-Stabilized Microtubules Can Position The Cytokinetic Furrow In Mammalian Cells, Katie Shannon, Julie C. Canman, C. Ben Moree, Jennifer S. Tirnauer, Edward D. Salmon

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

How microtubules act to position the plane of cell division during cytokinesis is a topic of much debate. Recently, we showed that a subpopulation of stable microtubules extends past chromosomes and interacts with the cell cortex at the site of furrowing, suggesting that these stabilized microtubules may stimulate contractility. To test the hypothesis that stable microtubules can position furrows, we used taxol to rapidly suppress microtubule dynamics during various stages of mitosis in PtK1 cells. Cells with stabilized prometaphase or metaphase microtubule arrays were able to initiate furrowing when induced into anaphase by inhibition of the spindle checkpoint. In these …

Evolution Of Morphological Integration: Developmental Accommodation Of Stress-Induced Variation, Alexander V. Badyaev, Kerry R. Foresman, Rebecca L. Young

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Extreme environmental change during growth often results in an increase in developmental abnormalities in the morphology of an organism. The evolutionary significance of such stress-induced variation depends on the recurrence of a stressor and on the degree to which developmental errors can be accommodated by an organism's ontogeny without significant loss of function. We subjected populations of four species of soricid shrews to an extreme environment during growth and measured changes in the patterns of integration and accommodation of stress-induced developmental errors in a complex of mandibular traits. Adults that grew under an extreme environment had lower integration of morphological …

The Let-7 Microrna Family Members Mir-48, Mir-84, And Mir-241 Function Together To Regulate Developmental Timing In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Allison L. Abbott, Ezequiel Alvarez-Saavedra, Eric A. Miska, Nelson C. Lau, David P. Bartel, H. Robert Horvitz, Victor R. Ambros

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

The microRNA let-7 is a critical regulator of developmental timing events at the larval-to-adult transition in C. elegans. Recently, microRNAs with sequence similarity to let-7 have been identified. We find that doubly mutant animals lacking the let-7 family microRNA genes mir-48 and mir-84 exhibit retarded molting behavior and retarded adult gene expression in the hypodermis. Triply mutant animals lacking mir-48, mir-84, and mir-241 exhibit repetition of L2-stage events in addition to retarded adult-stage events. mir-48, mir-84, and mir-241 function together to control the L2-to-L3 transition, likely by base pairing to complementary sites in the …

Investigating Hydrologic Alteration As A Mechanism Of Fish Assemblage Shifts In Urbanizing Streams, Allison H. Roy, Mary C. Freeman, Byron J. Freeman, Seth J. Wenger, William E. Ensign, Judith L. Meyer

Faculty Articles

Stream biota in urban and suburban settings are thought to be impaired by altered hydrology; however, it is unknown what aspects of the hydrograph alter fish assemblage structure and which fishes are most vulnerable to hydrologic alterations in small streams. We quantified hydrologic variables and fish assemblages in 30 small streams and their subcatchments (area 8-20 km 2) in the Etowah River Catchment (Georgia, USA). We stratified streams and their subcatchments into 3 landcover categories based on imperviousness (20% of subcatchment), and then estimated the degree of hydrologic alteration based on synoptic measurements of baseflow yield. We derived hydrologic variables …

Soy Isoflavone Glycitein Protects Against Beta Amyloid-Induced Toxicity And Oxidative Stress In Transgenic Caenorhabditis Elegans, Astrid Gutierrez-Zepeda, Ross Santell, Zhixin Wu, Marishka Brown, Yanjue Wu, Ikhlas Khan, Christopher D. Link, Baolu Zhao, Yuan Luo

Faculty Publications

Background

Epidemiological studies have associated estrogen replacement therapy with a lower risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, but a higher risk of developing breast cancer and certain cardiovascular disorders. The neuroprotective effect of estrogen prompted us to determine potential therapeutic impact of soy-derived estrogenic compounds. Transgenic C. elegans, that express human beta amyloid (Aβ), were fed with soy derived isoflavones genistein, daidzein and glycitein (100 μg/ml) and then examined for Aβ-induced paralysis and the levels of reactive oxygen species.

Results

Among the three compounds tested, only glycitein alleviated Aβ expression-induced paralysis in the transgenic C. elegans. This activity of …

Two-Dimensional Gel Analysis Of The Heat-Shock Response In Marine Snails (Genus Tegula): Interspecific Variation In Protein Expression And Acclimation Ability, Lars Tomanek

Biological Sciences

The degree to which temperature acclimation modifies the acute synthesis of the entire heat-shock protein (Hsp) complement is still unknown, but it may constitute an important mechanism for understanding the differences in acclimation ability among closely related ectothermic species that occupy widely varying thermal environments. In general, eurythermal (heat-tolerant) species modify physiological function in response to an increase in acclimation temperature to a greater extent than stenothermal (heat-sensitive) species. In the present work I used ³⁵S-labelled amino acids and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to test this assumption for how acclimation affects acute Hsp expression (referred to as phenotypic plasticity) in …

Geographical Distributions, Relative Abundance And Coexistence Of Drosophila Aldrichi And Drosophila Buzzatii In Australia, J. S.F. Barker, Robert A. Krebs, H. I. Davies

Biological, Geological, and Environmental Faculty Publications

Climatic data and collection records for the cactophilic Drosophila aldrichi and Drosophila buzzatii for 97 localities were used to examine the effects of geographical location, season, host plant species and climatic factors on their range and relative abundance. Temporal variation in relative abundance was assessed from monthly collections over 4 years at one locality. Effects of weather variables over the 28 days before each collection were examined. A generalized linear model of the spatial data showed significant geographical variation in relative abundance, and significant climatic effects, with the proportion of D. aldrichi higher in the warm season, and increasing as …

Genetic Analysis Of Two Bile Salt Hydrolase Activities In Lactobacillus Acidophilus Ncfm, Olivia Mcauliffe, Raul J. Cano, Todd R. Klaenhammer

Biological Sciences

Two genes, bshA and bshB, encoding bile salt hydrolase enzymes (EC 3.5.1.24) were identified in the genome sequence of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM. Targeted inactivation of these genes via chromosomal insertion of an integration vector demonstrated different substrate specificities for these two enzymes.

Human Activity Mediates A Trophic Cascade Caused By Wolves, Mark Hebblewhite, Clifford A. White, Clifford G. Nietvelt, John A. Mckenzie, Tomas E. Hurd, John M. Fryxell, Suzanne E. Bayley, Paul C. Paquet

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Experimental evidence of trophic cascades initiated by large vertebrate predators is rare in terrestrial ecosystems. A serendipitous natural experiment provided an opportunity to test the trophic cascade hypothesis for wolves (Canis lupus) in Banff National Park, Canada. The first wolf pack recolonized the Bow Valley of Banff National Park in 1986. High human activity partially excluded wolves from one area of the Bow Valley (low-wolf area), whereas wolves made full use of an adjacent area (high-wolf area). We investigated the effects of differential wolf predation between these two areas on elk (Cervus elaphus) population density, adult …

Implications Of Spatial Autocorrelation And Dispersal For The Modeling Of Species Distributions, Volker Bahn

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Modeling the geographical distributions of wildlife species is important for ecology and conservation biology. Spatial autocorrelation in species distributions poses a problem for distribution modeling because it invalidates the assumption of independence among sample locations. I explored the prevalence and causes of spatial autocorrelation in data from the Breeding Bird Survey, covering the conterminous United States, using Regression Trees, Conditional Autoregressive Regressions (CAR), and the partitioning of variance. I also constructed a simulation model to investigate dispersal as a process contributing to spatial autocorrelation, and attempted to verify the connection between dispersal and spatial autocorrelation in species’ distributions in empirical …

Determining The Phylogenetic Relationship Of A Collection Of Hydra Strains And Species Using The Mitochondrial Genes : Lrrna, Trna-Trp And Coii, Jacob Zuckman

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

The discovery of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the early 1960’s ushered in the field of organellar genetics. Evidence from both genetic and physical techniques has demonstrated that mtDNA are generally circular in structure, and that they represent the vestigial structure of the ancestral prokaryotic endosymbiont genome (Nosek et al., 1998). The more than 90 vertebrates and invertebrates sequenced to date have been found to have a remarkably constant gene content. With few exceptions, each contains the genes for 13 energy pathway proteins, the 2 RNA components of mitochondrial ribosomes (23S and 16S rRNA), and 22 transfer RNAs (Pont-Kingdon et …

Habitat-Specific Diet Of The Mottled Sculpin And Its Impact On Benthic Invertebrate Community Structure, Brendan M. Earl

Masters Theses

The relationships between predators and their prey are important and influential components in the structure of ecological communities. These interactions not only impact the species involved, but can also have a wide range of direct and indirect effects that resonate throughout the community. In Michigan trout streams, one of the main predators of benthic invertebrates is the mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdi) whose diet and selective predation may influence benthic invertebrate community structure. Using gastric lavage, the stomach contents of sculpins from both erosional and depositional habitats were collected and analyzed to determine the main prey types, prey preference, …

Ecology Of The Plankton Of Lakes Wapalanne And Ocquittunk In Sussex County, New Jersey, Malgorzata Barbara Drazek-Falah

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

The diversity of planktonic organisms was studied for seven months in Lake Wapalanne and Lake Ocquittunk (Stokes State Forest), Sussex County, New Jersey. Relative abundance and species diversity were studied as well as water quality including parameters: temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and depth of lakes. The data of seasonal changes in abundance of organisms and water quality was compared between both lakes.

Three stations were set up along the straight line on Lake Wapalanne, buoyed by diatometers, which were used for diatom collection. There were also three stations located along the sides of Lake Ocquittunk arbitrary picked. Plankton samples …

"Sibling Species, Advertisement Calls, And Reproductive Isolation In Frogs Of The Leptodactylus Pentadactylus Species Cluster (Amphibia, Leptodactylidae), W. Ronald Heyer, Rafael O. De Sá, A. Rettig

Biology Faculty Publications

A recent re-evaluation of morphological and advertisement call variation in the large species of frogs of the Leptodactylus pentadactylus cluster discovered more examples of sibling species as defined by Ernst Mayr in his influential book Animal Species and Evolution. All previously documented instances of sibling species in frogs demonstrated advertisement call differentiation consistent with the calls serving as pre-mating isolating mechanisms. However, we find one instance of two species with nondistinguishable adult morphologies as well as nondistinguishable advertisement calls. Presumably, the new instances of sibling species reflect retention of ancestral adult morphologies and advertisement calls. Larval and habitat differentiation appear …