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Distribution And Current Status Of Cricetulus Migratorius (Mammalia: Cricetidae)In Bulgaria, With Comments On Its Status In The Balkans, Nedko Nedyalkov Jan 2016

Distribution And Current Status Of Cricetulus Migratorius (Mammalia: Cricetidae)In Bulgaria, With Comments On Its Status In The Balkans, Nedko Nedyalkov

Turkish Journal of Zoology

During the last decade I collected extensive new information about the distribution of the Grey hamster (Cricetulus migratorius) in Bulgaria, mainly through the study of pellets of birds of prey and owls. New data about the dental morphology and morphometrics, distribution, and current status of the Grey hamster in Bulgaria are presented. The Grey hamster has been found in the diet of the Barn owl (Tyto alba), Little owl (Athene noctua), and Eastern imperial eagle (Aquila heliaca). It contributed a negligible part of the studied pellets: only 0.06% of individuals from 27,449 small mammals. The presence of the species was …

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Genetic Characterization Of The Raccoon Dog (Nyctereutes Procyonoides),An Alien Species In The Baltic Region, Algimantas Paulauskas, Loreta Griciuviene, Jana Radzijevskaja, Vaclovas Gedminas Jan 2016

Genetic Characterization Of The Raccoon Dog (Nyctereutes Procyonoides),An Alien Species In The Baltic Region, Algimantas Paulauskas, Loreta Griciuviene, Jana Radzijevskaja, Vaclovas Gedminas

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides is a newly established alien species in Europe that spread rapidly into many European countries. They were introduced into Latvia, Estonia, and Belarus. Lithuania has been colonized by immigrants from neighboring countries (Belarus and Latvia) and since 1960 the species has occupied the whole country. The data on genetic diversity of the raccoon dog are rather limited, and not all parts of the Baltic region have been covered by previous analyses. In order to compare the level of genetic diversity and describe phylogeographic patterns throughout the raccoon dog distribution in the Palearctic region, a mitochondrial …

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Mitochondrial Dna Control Region Variability Of Wild Boar Sus Scrofa With Various External Phenotypes In Turkey, Yasi̇n Demi̇rbaş, Ayça Özkan Koca, Nahi̇t Pamukoğlu, Hakan Sert, Franz Suchentrunk Jan 2016

Mitochondrial Dna Control Region Variability Of Wild Boar Sus Scrofa With Various External Phenotypes In Turkey, Yasi̇n Demi̇rbaş, Ayça Özkan Koca, Nahi̇t Pamukoğlu, Hakan Sert, Franz Suchentrunk

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) is distributed across most parts of Turkey, a major biogeographic crossroads connecting Southwest Asia and Southeast Europe. However, no information on genetic diversity and population structure of this species in Turkey is available. In this study, we report on mtDNA sequence variability and phylogenetic relationships among wild boars with variable external phenotypes from both its European (Turkish Thrace) and Asian (Anatolia) distributions in Turkey. Phylogenetic analyses of mtDNA D-loop sequences (413 bp) of 53 newly sequenced wild boars from different localities in Turkey and 432 wild boar sequences from various geographic origins downloaded from …

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Current Status, Distribution, And Conservation Of Brown Bear (Ursidae) Andwild Canids (Gray Wolf, Golden Jackal, And Red Fox; Canidae) In Turkey, Hüseyi̇n Ambarli, Alper Ertürk, Anil Soyumert Jan 2016

Current Status, Distribution, And Conservation Of Brown Bear (Ursidae) Andwild Canids (Gray Wolf, Golden Jackal, And Red Fox; Canidae) In Turkey, Hüseyi̇n Ambarli, Alper Ertürk, Anil Soyumert

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Turkey has viable populations of many carnivore species of the Western Palearctic. Among those, ursids and canids are represented by brown bear (Ursus arctos) and 3 canid species, gray wolf (Canis lupus), golden jackal (Canis aureus), and red fox (Vulpes vulpes), respectively. Those species occur in major ecosystems of Turkey and experience a wide range of threats, and they are at the center of human-wildlife conflicts. However, due to a limited number of studies about their ecology and taxonomy, their current distributions, population sizes, and statuses are vague. In this study, we document the 4 species' known data in terms …

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Human-Wildlife Conflict As A Barrier To Large Carnivore Managementand Conservation In Turkey, Mark Chynoweth, Emrah Çoban, Çağatay Altin, Çağan Şekerci̇oğlu Jan 2016

Human-Wildlife Conflict As A Barrier To Large Carnivore Managementand Conservation In Turkey, Mark Chynoweth, Emrah Çoban, Çağatay Altin, Çağan Şekerci̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Large carnivorous mammals are wide-ranging animals and thus frequently come into contact with human settlements in agrarian landscapes. This often generates human-wildlife conflict; carnivores potentially damage livestock, agricultural products, or human well-being. In Turkey, the cooccurrence of eight medium-large carnivore species combined with a burgeoning human population and unsustainable consumption of natural resources increasingly threatens carnivore populations. To better understand human-wildlife conflict in Turkey and provide potential solutions, we conducted 959 human opinion surveys in 2006, 2010, and 2014 in 58 distinct settlements surrounding the Sarıkamış-Allahuekber Mountains National Park in Kars, Ardahan, and Erzurum provinces. Results show that respondents regularly …

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A New Species Of Coelotes Blackwall, 1841 (Araneae: Agelenidae) From Turkey, Tarik Danişman, Kübra Ceren Karanfi̇l, İlhan Coşar Jan 2016

A New Species Of Coelotes Blackwall, 1841 (Araneae: Agelenidae) From Turkey, Tarik Danişman, Kübra Ceren Karanfi̇l, İlhan Coşar

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The species Coelotes sinopensis sp.n. İs described from Sinop Province, Turkey. Differences between the new species and related species are discussed.

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Spatiotemporal Distribution, Abundance, And Species-Environment Relationships Of Scyphozoa (Cnidaria) Species In Hisarönü, Marmaris, And Fethiye Bays (Muğla, Turkey), Nurçi̇n Gülşahi̇n, Ahmet Nuri̇ Tarkan, Ali̇ Serhan Tarkan Jan 2016

Spatiotemporal Distribution, Abundance, And Species-Environment Relationships Of Scyphozoa (Cnidaria) Species In Hisarönü, Marmaris, And Fethiye Bays (Muğla, Turkey), Nurçi̇n Gülşahi̇n, Ahmet Nuri̇ Tarkan, Ali̇ Serhan Tarkan

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study was undertaken monthly between September 2011 and October 2012 at 10 stations in Hisarönü, Marmaris, and Fethiye bays of Muğla Province with the aim of examining spatiotemporal patterns of distribution, abundances, and environmental associations of Scyphozoa species. Temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll-a values were measured both on the surface and at a depth of 20 m. Scyphozoa species were sampled by observation and counting from a boat and by diving. Mean temperatures of the sampling stations were between 20.08 and 21.26 °C. Salinity and chlorophyll-a concentrations showed typical Mediterranean features in the bays. Three Scyphozoa species, Aurelia …

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Heavy Metal (Cadmium, Lead, And Chromium) Contamination Infarmed Fish: A Potential Risk For Consumers' Health, Anser Chatta, Muhammad Khan, Zahid Mirza, Asif Ali Jan 2016

Heavy Metal (Cadmium, Lead, And Chromium) Contamination Infarmed Fish: A Potential Risk For Consumers' Health, Anser Chatta, Muhammad Khan, Zahid Mirza, Asif Ali

Turkish Journal of Zoology

To assess heavy metal loads in cultured fish, four farmed carp fish species were sampled from a fish farming cluster at the Head Qadirabad area. Samples were randomly collected from fish farms and a local fish market and analyzed for three nonessential heavy metals, cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb), at Fish Quality Control Labs Manawan, Lahore, Pakistan. All three tested metals were found in all samples of selected fish species. The highest accumulation among heavy metals in farmed carps was recorded for Pb (0.3316 ± 0.0143 μg g-1), followed by Cr (0.0488 ± 0.0063 μg g-1) and Cd …

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Limoniidae (Diptera) Fauna Of The Marmara Region With 23 New Records For Turkey, Hasan Koç, Okan Özgül, Abdullah Hasbenli̇ Jan 2016

Limoniidae (Diptera) Fauna Of The Marmara Region With 23 New Records For Turkey, Hasan Koç, Okan Özgül, Abdullah Hasbenli̇

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Ninety-five limoniid taxa have been reported to occur in Turkey. This study, conducted from June 2008 to April 2011, was aimed at describing the Limoniidae (Diptera) fauna in the Marmara region of Turkey. Twenty-three Limoniidae taxa were recorded for the first time for the Turkish fauna. These species are: Crypteria (s. Str.) limnophiloides Bergroth, 1913; Ellipteroides (Protogonomyia) alboscutellatus (von Roser, 1840); Erioptera (s. Str.) tenuirama Savchenko, 1972; Gnophomyia lugubris (Zetterstedt, 1838); Gonomyia (s. Str.) tenella (Meigen, 1818); Molophilus (s. Str.) directidens Stary, 1976; Molophilus (s. Str.) lackschewitzianus lackschewitzianus Alexander, 1953; M. (s. Str.) serpentiger Edwards, 1938; Ormosia (s. Str.) furcata …

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Five New Records Of The Genus Trombidium (Actinotrichida: Trombidiidae)From Northeastern Turkey, Sevgi̇ Sevsay, Sezai̇ Adi̇l, İbrahi̇m Karakurt, Evren Buğa, Ebru Akman Jan 2016

Five New Records Of The Genus Trombidium (Actinotrichida: Trombidiidae)From Northeastern Turkey, Sevgi̇ Sevsay, Sezai̇ Adi̇l, İbrahi̇m Karakurt, Evren Buğa, Ebru Akman

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This faunistic survey was carried out on the genus Trombidium, collected from northeastern Turkey in 2009-2014. Previously, only one species of Trombidium had been reported from Turkey. Five species of the genus Trombidium were identified and original drawings based on the collected materials were made. These species are new records for the Turkish mite fauna. An identification key to the adult Turkish species of Trombidium is also provided.

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Rotifera And Cladocera Fauna Of Several Lakes From The Central Anatolia,Marmara, And Western Black Sea Regions Of Turkey, Mehmet Borga Ergönül, Sercan Erdoğan, Ahmet Altindağ, Si̇bel Atasağun Jan 2016

Rotifera And Cladocera Fauna Of Several Lakes From The Central Anatolia,Marmara, And Western Black Sea Regions Of Turkey, Mehmet Borga Ergönül, Sercan Erdoğan, Ahmet Altindağ, Si̇bel Atasağun

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study a total of 18 lakes from the Central Anatolia, Marmara, and Western Black Sea regions of Turkey were investigated along with their physicochemical parameters. Thirty-six species of Rotifera and 6 species of Cladocera were recorded. Keratella tecta, K. cochlearis, Polyarthra dolichoptera, and P. vulgaris were the most common Rotifera species and Bosmina longirostris was the most common Cladocera species among the sampling stations. The Brachionus/Trichocerca (QB/T) index was also calculated where applicable. The depth of the water bodies ranged between 2.5 and 62 m, Secchi depth between 0.1 and 6.2 m, water temperature between 19.1 and 29.1 …

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Faunistic And Zoogeographical Composition And Preliminary Evaluations Of Some Ecological Features Of The Subfamily Staphylininae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) Ofthe Central Anatolian Region Of Turkey, Senem Firat, Osman Sert Jan 2016

Faunistic And Zoogeographical Composition And Preliminary Evaluations Of Some Ecological Features Of The Subfamily Staphylininae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) Ofthe Central Anatolian Region Of Turkey, Senem Firat, Osman Sert

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The focus of this study is to provide the faunistic, ecological, and zoogeographical status of Staphylininae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) fauna of the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey. The study material comprises specimens collected from field studies between 2009 and 2012 and also specimens that were previously collected by other researchers. In total, 90 taxa of 26 genera belonging to 3 tribes of Staphylininae were recorded. Number of specimens, collection habitats and methods, months, and altitudes are given in a table and figures for collected species. Distributions of species in other regions of Turkey and zoogeographical regions are also given in the …

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Current Invasions Of East Asian Cyclopoids (Copepoda, Cyclopoida)In Europe: New Records From Eastern Ukraine, Elena Anufriieva, Nickolai Shadrin Jan 2016

Current Invasions Of East Asian Cyclopoids (Copepoda, Cyclopoida)In Europe: New Records From Eastern Ukraine, Elena Anufriieva, Nickolai Shadrin

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The East Asian freshwater cyclopoid copepods Mesocyclops pehpeiensis (Hu, 1943) and Eucyclops roseus Ishida, 1997, which are new for Europe, were recorded from samples collected in the water bodies of the city of Lugansk, eastern Ukraine. In 2012 the same species of cyclopoids, new or rare for Europe, were found in Crimean ponds where there is no human agency that could lead to introductions of alien species. Long-distance transportation by birds, probably, is the more plausible explanation for their appearance in Lugansk. These alien species were found in newly formed water bodies without stable communities, which may serve as a …

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A New Species Of Athripsodes From The Southwest Of The Iberian Peninsula (Trichoptera, Leptoceridae), Luis Martín González, Marcos Gonzalez, Jesus Martínez Jan 2016

A New Species Of Athripsodes From The Southwest Of The Iberian Peninsula (Trichoptera, Leptoceridae), Luis Martín González, Marcos Gonzalez, Jesus Martínez

Turkish Journal of Zoology

A new species of the genus Athripsodes from the Iberian Peninsula is described and illustrated: Athripsodes alentexanus sp. Nov. Adults of the new species are close to those of A. Taounate Dakki and Malicky, 1980 and A. Ygramul Malicky and Lounaci, 1987, but the shape of their inferior appendages provides the most striking distinction between males of these three species.

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Nesting Activity Of Sea Turtles, Caretta Caretta (Linnaeus, 1758) And Chelonia Mydas (Linnaeus, 1758) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), At Patara Beach (Antalya, Turkey) Over Four Nesting Seasons, Kurtuluş Olgun, Emi̇n Bozkurt, Süleyman Ceylan, Mehmet Tural, Serdar Özcan, Kazim Şahi̇n Karasüleymanoğlu, Yusuf Geroğlu Jan 2016

Nesting Activity Of Sea Turtles, Caretta Caretta (Linnaeus, 1758) And Chelonia Mydas (Linnaeus, 1758) (Reptilia, Cheloniidae), At Patara Beach (Antalya, Turkey) Over Four Nesting Seasons, Kurtuluş Olgun, Emi̇n Bozkurt, Süleyman Ceylan, Mehmet Tural, Serdar Özcan, Kazim Şahi̇n Karasüleymanoğlu, Yusuf Geroğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Patara Beach is one of the most important nesting beaches in Turkey for Caretta caretta. In this paper, we provide information on the nesting activity, spatial and temporal distribution of nesting, nesting and hatching success, nesting density, incubation duration, clutch size, and predation ratio of sea turtles over four nesting periods, namely 2010, 2012, 2013, and 2014. An average of 179.75 nests were recorded per year, and the overall nesting density was 15.50 nests/km while 68.20 loggerhead sea turtle eggs were recorded per nest. The hatching success was 44.05% from these counted eggs and 38.04% of hatchlings were able to …

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Biodiversity And Population Dynamics Of Litter-Dwelling Cockroaches Inbelezma National Park (Algeria), Imane Azoui, Naama Frah, Waffa Habbachi, Mohamed Laid Ouakid, Billal Nia Jan 2016

Biodiversity And Population Dynamics Of Litter-Dwelling Cockroaches Inbelezma National Park (Algeria), Imane Azoui, Naama Frah, Waffa Habbachi, Mohamed Laid Ouakid, Billal Nia

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study aims to investigate the diversity, population dynamics, and distribution of forest cockroaches from the litter of three types of Mediterranean forests (Pinus halepensis, Juniperus phoenicea, Quercus ilex) in Belezma National Park (Northeast Algeria). In every type of forest, blattopteran individuals were hand-collected fortnightly from March 2013 to July 2014. Population dynamics were tested by multivariate analysis of variance for forest types and study months. The capture of 1885 individual forest cockroaches allowed the identification of six species (Loboptera angulata, Dziriblatta stenoptera, Phyllodromica subaptera, Phyllodromica zebra, Phyllodromica cincticollis, and Phyllodromica trivittata). In all studied forests, these species produced two …

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Distribution Patterns And Habitat Suitability For Three Species Ofthe Genus Hyla Laurenti, 1768 In The Western Palearctic, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian Yousefkhani, Sahar Javaheri Tehrani, Behnoush Moodi, Serkan Gül Jan 2016

Distribution Patterns And Habitat Suitability For Three Species Ofthe Genus Hyla Laurenti, 1768 In The Western Palearctic, Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian Yousefkhani, Sahar Javaheri Tehrani, Behnoush Moodi, Serkan Gül

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Hyla is one of the genera in the family Hylidae that is distributed in the Old World. Three tree frog species of this genus are distributed in Eurasia and especially inhabit semiaquatic regions. Several studies were conducted on the genus with different methodologies to delimit the species level. In the present study, we modeled the potential distribution areas for three frogs (Hyla orientalis, Hyla savignyi, and Hyla felixarabica) to determine the suitable habitat of each species separately. Models of all three species had a good fit as indicated by the high area under the curve (AUC) values (H. Orientalis = …

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Ensemble Distribution Modeling Of The Mesopotamian Spiny-Tailed Lizard, Saara Loricata (Blanford, 1874), In Iran: An Insight Into The Impact Of Climate Change, Anooshe Kafash, Mohammad Kaboli, Gunther Koehler, Masoud Yousefi, Atefe Asadi Jan 2016

Ensemble Distribution Modeling Of The Mesopotamian Spiny-Tailed Lizard, Saara Loricata (Blanford, 1874), In Iran: An Insight Into The Impact Of Climate Change, Anooshe Kafash, Mohammad Kaboli, Gunther Koehler, Masoud Yousefi, Atefe Asadi

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Modeling the distribution patterns of species is a generally efficient tool for understanding their ecological characteristics. In this study, we used the ensemble predictions of the best performing models in order to project the probability of the Mesopotamian spiny-tailed lizard's presence in southwestern Iran. The models used in our study showed that two of the variables had the highest importance in describing the distribution of this species. These two were the annual mean temperature and the maximum temperature in the warmest month of the year. All of the models used in this study reached AUC values of above 0.9 (RF …

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Estimates Of Genetic Parameters For Different Body Weights Andmuscle And Fat Depths Of Karayaka Lambs, Yüksel Aksoy, Zafer Ulutaş, Uğur Şen, Emre Şi̇ri̇n, Azi̇z Şahi̇n Jan 2016

Estimates Of Genetic Parameters For Different Body Weights Andmuscle And Fat Depths Of Karayaka Lambs, Yüksel Aksoy, Zafer Ulutaş, Uğur Şen, Emre Şi̇ri̇n, Azi̇z Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In the current paper the direct additive and maternal genetic effects on birth, weaning (at 90 days of age), and scanning (at 20 weeks of age) weights and muscle and fat depths of the ribeye area in Karayaka lambs were investigated. Analyses were carried out by the restricted maximum likelihood approach, fitting 6 animal models with various combinations of direct and maternal effects. The best model was chosen after testing for improvement in the log-likelihood values. Direct heritability (h2d) for all traits decreased when maternal genetic effects were included in the models. The maternal heritability (h2m) ranged from 0.15 to …

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The Effect Of Dgat1 Polymorphism On Milk Production Traits In Dairycows Depending On Environmental Temperature, Jolanta Komisarek, Mateusz Kolenda Jan 2016

The Effect Of Dgat1 Polymorphism On Milk Production Traits In Dairycows Depending On Environmental Temperature, Jolanta Komisarek, Mateusz Kolenda

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

It has long been known that a hot environment negatively influences milk production in cattle. Although molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon to a great extent remain to be recognized, they include alterations in lipid metabolism. DGAT1 plays a key role in the synthesis of triacylglycerols and polymorphism of this gene has been proven to have a pronounced influence on milk production. The aim of this study was to establish if the effect of DGAT1:p.K232A on milk-related traits is dependent on environmental thermal conditions. The analysis, performed on 468 cows of the Polish Holstein-Friesian breed, showed that allele DGAT1:K232 significantly increased …

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Pain In Parallel, Peter Godfrey-Smith Jan 2016

Pain In Parallel, Peter Godfrey-Smith

Animal Sentience

Key's (2016) arguments against the view that fish feel pain can be shown to be fallacious by considering some damage-related behaviors in invertebrates. Pain may have different neural bases in different organisms, so the absence in fish of the cortical structures that might underlie pain in mammals does not settle the question of fish pain.

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Nonverbal Indicators Of Pain, Simon Van Rysewyk Jan 2016

Nonverbal Indicators Of Pain, Simon Van Rysewyk

Animal Sentience

In discussing fish pain, Key (2016) privileges pain in humans — “the only species able to directly report on its feelings.” Human experience of pain is not necessarily best reflected by verbal self-report, however. Neural responses to noxious stimuli are influenced by individual differences and by context. Nonverbal pain displays such as facial expressions reflect part of the neural response to noxious stimuli. Most mammals have a specific facial grimace reflecting pain. If fish have a somatic expression of pain, the development of a reliable and accurate somatic pain scale specific to fish could make a contribution to the debate …

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New Verified Nonindigenous Amphibians And Reptiles In Florida Through 2015, With A Summary Of More Than 152 Years Of Introductions, Kenneth L. Krysko, Louis A. Somma, Dustin C. Smith, Christopher R. Gillette, Daniel Cueva, Joseph A. Wasilewski, Kevin M. Enge, Steve A. Johnson, Todd S. Campbell, Jake R. Edwards, Michael R. Rochford, Ryan Tompkins, Jeffrey L. Fobb, Scott Mullin, Christopher J. Lechowicz, Dallas Hazelton, Alície Warren Jan 2016

New Verified Nonindigenous Amphibians And Reptiles In Florida Through 2015, With A Summary Of More Than 152 Years Of Introductions, Kenneth L. Krysko, Louis A. Somma, Dustin C. Smith, Christopher R. Gillette, Daniel Cueva, Joseph A. Wasilewski, Kevin M. Enge, Steve A. Johnson, Todd S. Campbell, Jake R. Edwards, Michael R. Rochford, Ryan Tompkins, Jeffrey L. Fobb, Scott Mullin, Christopher J. Lechowicz, Dallas Hazelton, Alície Warren

Papers in Herpetology

More nonindigenous species occur in Florida, USA, than any other region worldwide and may threaten many of Florida’s natural resources. The frequency of new reports mandates the need for regular updates. Herein, we use photographic and specimen vouchers in addition to literature records to provide updated information on verified nonindigenous amphibians and reptiles in Florida. Between our most recent summary in 2012 and the end of 2015, 38 additional species are known to have been intercepted (n = 2) or introduced (n = 36). We also update the invasion stage of seven species previously reported from Florida and …

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The Contribution Of Marine Aggregate-Associated Bacteria To The Accumulation Of Pathogenic Bacteria In Oysters: An Agent-Based Model, Andrew M. Kramer, J. Evan Ward, Fred C. Dobbs, Melissa L. Pierce Jan 2016

The Contribution Of Marine Aggregate-Associated Bacteria To The Accumulation Of Pathogenic Bacteria In Oysters: An Agent-Based Model, Andrew M. Kramer, J. Evan Ward, Fred C. Dobbs, Melissa L. Pierce

OES Faculty Publications

Bivalves process large volumes of water, leading to their accumulation of bacteria, including potential human pathogens (e.g., vibrios). These bacteria are captured at low efficiencies when freely suspended in the water column, but they also attach to marine aggregates, which are captured with near 100% efficiency. For this reason, and because they are often enriched with heterotrophic bacteria, marine aggregates have been hypothesized to function as important transporters of bacteria into bivalves. The relative contribution of aggregates and unattached bacteria to the accumulation of these cells, however, is unknown. We developed an agent-based model to simulate accumulation of vibrio-type bacteria …

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A Highly Sensitive Underwater Video System For Use In Turbid Aquaculture Ponds, Chin-Chang Hung, Shih-Chieh Tsao, Kuo-Hao Huang, Hsu-Kunag Chang, Fred C. Dobbs Jan 2016

A Highly Sensitive Underwater Video System For Use In Turbid Aquaculture Ponds, Chin-Chang Hung, Shih-Chieh Tsao, Kuo-Hao Huang, Hsu-Kunag Chang, Fred C. Dobbs

OES Faculty Publications

The turbid, low-light waters characteristic of aquaculture ponds have made it difficult or impossible for previous video cameras to provide clear imagery of the ponds' benthic habitat. We developed a highly sensitive, underwater video system (UVS) for this particular application and tested it in shrimp ponds having turbidities typical of those in southern Taiwan. The system's high-quality video stream and images, together with its camera capacity (up to nine cameras), permit in situ observations of shrimp feeding behavior, shrimp size and internal anatomy, and organic matter residues on pond sediments. The UVS can operate continuously and be focused remotely, a …

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The Nutritional Value Of Fecal Sacs: Testing The Parental Nutrition Hypothesis, Amanda W. Burns Jan 2016

The Nutritional Value Of Fecal Sacs: Testing The Parental Nutrition Hypothesis, Amanda W. Burns

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Nest sanitation is an important aspect of parental investment in birds with altricial nestlings. Passerine nestlings produce fecal matter that is encased in a mucous membrane for easy disposal. These fecal sacs are either removed from the nest and transported a distance away or they are ingested by the adult. A decline in fecal sac ingestion rates as nestlings age has been observed in several species. The parental nutrition hypothesis posits that this pattern can be attributed to increasing digestive efficiency as nestlings age. The parental nutrition hypothesis makes three predictions: fecal sac consumption rates should decrease as nestlings age, …

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Detection Of Yersinia Enterocolitica Serotype O:9 In The Faeces Of Cattle With False Positive Reactions In Serological Tests For Brucellosis In Ireland, Don O'Grady, Kevin Kenny, Seamus Power, John Egan, Fergus Ryan Jan 2016

Detection Of Yersinia Enterocolitica Serotype O:9 In The Faeces Of Cattle With False Positive Reactions In Serological Tests For Brucellosis In Ireland, Don O'Grady, Kevin Kenny, Seamus Power, John Egan, Fergus Ryan

Articles

Intestinal infection by Yersinia enterocolitica serotype O:9 (YeO9) in cattle has been linked to false positive serological reactivity (FPSR) in diagnostic tests for brucellosis. Although eradicated in Ireland, brucellosis monitoring still identifies seropositive animals, usually one or two (termed singletons) per herd, which are classed as FPSR. To investigate a link between FPSR and YeO9, faeces and blood were collected from singleton FPSR cattle, and from companion animals, in eight selected herds with more than one FPSR animal, for YeO9 culture and Brucella serology. YeO9 was isolated from 76/474 (16%) FPSR singletons in 309 herds, but not from any of …

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Why Human Pain Can’T Tell Us Whether Fish Feel Pain, Victoria A. Braithwaite, Paula Droege Jan 2016

Why Human Pain Can’T Tell Us Whether Fish Feel Pain, Victoria A. Braithwaite, Paula Droege

Animal Sentience

In his target article, Key (2016) reviews the neuroanatomy of human pain and uses what is known about human pain to argue that fish cannot experience pain. We provide three reasons why the conclusions reached by Key are unsupported. They consider (i) why it is not sufficient to conclude that only human neural structures can process conscious pain, (ii) why an understanding of pain in humans and non-human animals needs to be based within a framework of consciousness, and (iii) evidence already exists that fish treated with noxious stimuli lose the ability to perform normal behaviours: This was a behavioral …

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An Invertebrate Perspective On Pain, Jennifer A. Mather Jan 2016

An Invertebrate Perspective On Pain, Jennifer A. Mather

Animal Sentience

Although Key (2016) argues that mammals feel pain and fish do not, from an invertebrate perspective, it is obvious that the pain experience is shared by animals from a number of different animal groups.

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Why Fish Pain Cannot And Should Not Be Ruled Out, Anil K. Seth Jan 2016

Why Fish Pain Cannot And Should Not Be Ruled Out, Anil K. Seth

Animal Sentience

Do fish consciously feel pain? Addressing this question, Key (2016) asks whether the neural mechanisms underlying conscious pain reports in humans can be identified in fish. This strategy fails in three ways. First, non-mammalian consciousness — if it exists — may depend on different mechanisms. Second, accumulating neurophysiological and behavioural evidence, evolutionary considerations, and emerging Bayesian brain theories suggest that if fish can feel at all, they can feel pain. Finally, the qualitative nature of pain and suffering obliges us, via the precautionary principle, to accommodate the possibility of its existence where doubt remains.

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