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Notes Terrestrial Mammal And Reptile Hazards In An Airport In The Brazilian Amazon, Weber Galvao Novaes, Nárjara V. Grossman, Dysianne S. Pimentel, Manrique Prada

Human–Wildlife Interactions

No abstract provided.

Efficacy Of Non-Lead Ammunition For Culling Elk At Theodore Roosevelt National Park, Blake E. Mccann, William Whitworth, Robert A. Newman

Human–Wildlife Interactions

During 2010 to 2013, park staff and public volunteers culled 983 elk (Cervus elaphus) from Theodore Roosevelt National Park (United States) utilizing non-lead rifle ammunition as part of a sanctioned herd management operation. Because there is little empirical evidence available on the performance of non-lead ammunition, staff recorded information on tools and techniques relevant to the scenarios under which elk were culled and the outcome of each engagement. We also conducted a fi ring range experiment to evaluate the precision of nonlead ammunition used in park fi rearms. Specific objectives were to identify program factors predicting efficient destruction …

Short-Term Fate Of Rehabilitated Orphan Black Bears Released In New Hampshire, Wesley E. Smith, Peter J. Pekins, Andrew A. Timmins, Benjamin Kilham

Human–Wildlife Interactions

We evaluated the release of rehabilitated, orphan black bears (Ursus americanus) in northern New Hampshire. Eleven bears (9 males, 2 females; 40–45 kg) were outfitted with GPS radio-collars and released during May and June of 2011 and 2012. Bears released in 2011 had higher apparent survival and were not observed or reported in any nuisance behavior, whereas no bears released in 2012 survived, and all were involved in minor nuisance behavior. Analysis of GPS locations indicated that bears in 2011 had access to and used abundant natural forages or habitat. Conversely, abundance of soft and hard mast was …

Mediating Claims Through Critical Anthropomorphism, Gordon Burghardt

Animal Sentience

Key’s (2016) discussion of his claim that fish do not feel pain ignores the history of attempts to study the attribution of mental states to other species. Although willing to accept that mammals feel pain, Key claims that fish lack the mammalian neural mechanisms underlying pain and are unconscious of their experiences. Consequently, we do not need to be overly concerned about fishing practices that would otherwise be viewed as painful. Key uses a flawed anthropomorphic lens. All attributions of mental events to organisms other than oneself involve inferences derived from anthropomorphic processes through which we process physiological and behavioral …

Pain And Other Feelings In Humans And Animals, Antonio Damasio, Hanna Damasio

Animal Sentience

Evidence from neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, and neuropsychology suggests that the experience of feelings in humans does not depend exclusively on structures of the cerebral cortex. It does not seem warranted to deny the possibility of feeling in animals on the grounds that their cerebral cortices are not comparable to those of humans.

Falsifying The Null Hypothesis That “Fish Do Not Feel Pain", Brian Key

Animal Sentience

The reader of Animal Sentience may surmise that because the weight of the commentaries on my target article, “Why fish do not feel pain,” is leaning towards not supporting my argument, it follows that the premise "fish do not feel pain" is incorrect. However, science does not prevail by popular opinion. History is plagued with numerous (and often widely accepted) examples of biological phenomena being explained by mysterious forces. In the absence of a mechanistic understanding, the many different guises of vitalism (the principle that life involves a vital energy) are often invoked to explain the unknown. Spurious …

Demographics And Parasites Of Spotted Bass In The Wabash River, Evan C. Boone

Masters Theses

Spotted Bass Micropterus punctulatus Rafinesque are a popular sport fish primarily found in the streams and reservoirs of the south. The Wabash River, a large tributary of the Ohio River, contains a naturally reproducing population on the northern boundary of their range. Currently, the lower Wabash River is monitored using two different sampling designs, the Long Term Electrofishing Program monitors community assemblages using stratified random sampling whereas the Illinois Department of Natural Resources uses a fixed sampling design. Due to the wide distribution but low abundance of Spotted Bass throughout this drainage, captures from each design were compared to assess …

Diel And Seasonal Patterns Of Channel Catfish Movement And Habitat Use In The Lower Wabash River, Hanna Gibbs Kruckman

Masters Theses

Channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus are commonly found throughout the Mississippi River basin and support commercial and recreational fisheries in many large river systems. Understanding population demographics as well as movement patterns and habitat usage can provide a more holistic approach to species management and conservation. Within a 16-km stretch of the lower Wabash River, 27 channel catfish were implanted with acoustic transmitters to monitor fine scale movement and habitat use from September 2014 through April 2016. Channel catfish were located using active tracking during two types of tracking events. Site tracking occurred only during daylight hours and diel tracking monitored …

Stopover Ecology Of Neotropical Migratory Songbirds In The Northern Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, Lauren E. Solomon

Masters Theses

Chapter I. Full-service hotels, convenience stores or fire escapes? Evaluating function of stopover sites for Neotropical migrants in the northern Yucatan Peninsula

Nearctic-Neotropical migratory songbirds incur the highest mortality rates during their annual migrations. Migratory songbirds use a network of stopover sites to rest, refuel, or seek refuge during times of poor weather conditions; and the time and energy expended at these sites exceeds that of migratory flight. In order to conserve stopover sites with the highest value to Neotropical migrants, a conceptual framework was developed to classify stop over sites into three functional categories based on their function for …

Quantifying Bat Detection Survey Methods And Activity Patterns, Tara C. Hohoff

Masters Theses

Bats have an astonishing diversity and provide vital ecosystem services in an array of different niches. In North America, most species of bats are insectivores and tend to be frequently overlooked for their important ecosystem role providing insect control. As bat populations have declined in recent years, farmers, land managers, conservationists, and bat enthusiasts have wondered what we can do to protect our local bat populations. As a first step, we need to develop methods that more effectively survey for rare species of bats. By performing inefficient surveys, we are doing a disservice to our funding agencies providing misinformation that …

Checklist Of The Dolichopodidae (Diptera, Brachycera) Of Turkey, Alper Tonguç, Igor Grichanov, Stefan Naglis

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The first checklist of the Dolichopodidae of Turkey is presented. A total of 187 species and one subspecies belonging to 35 genera are listed. The type locality and the distribution in Turkey for each species are given.

2016 International Symposium On Galliformes (Beijing, China: October 21-23, 2016): Programme And Abstracts, World Pheasant Association, China Ornithological Society

Galliformes Specialist Group and Affiliated Societies: Conference Proceedings

Evolutionary relationships among galliforms using 1000’s of unlinked loci, Rebecca Kimball

Ecology, behaviour and conservation problems in Siberian grouse Falcipennis falcipennis (Hartlaub 1855), Siegfried Klaus

Taxonomy, genetics and evolution in a highly subspecies-rich pheasant Phasianus colchicus, Yang Liu

Survey of the Blyth’s tragopan Tragopan blythii in western Myanmar, Nan Wang

Activity rhythm of green peafowl (Pavo muticus) in Konglonghe Nature Reserve based on camera-trap data, Pengfei Shan

Studies on unusual incubation behavior and embryonic tolerance of hypothermia by the Sichuan partridge (Arborophila rufipectus), Yiqiang Fu

The breeding behavior and nest selection of Sclater’s monal ( …

Parasites From The Red Lionfish, Pterois Volitans From The Gulf Of Mexico, Alexander Q. Fogg, Carlos F. Ruiz, Stephen S. Curran, Stephen A. Bullard

Gulf and Caribbean Research

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Pet Ownership On Anxiety And Depression Among Trauma-Exposed College Students, Dung N. Nguyentran, Marlene A. Michniak, James J. Jung, Christine Q. Do

UROP Posters

Rates of anxiety and depression are prevalent in college students and can be attributed in part to stress and trauma-related events. However, studies suggest that pet ownership has the possibility of alleviating symptoms of anxiety, depression, negative emotions, and suicide. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between pet ownership and levels of anxiety and depression among those who have experienced a traumatic event. The sample was comprised of five hundred and forty-seven VCU students who completed an online survey from Spit for Science during their junior year. Linear regressions were performed to determine the nature and …

Equine Assisted Activities And Therapies: The Measuring Of Equine Temperament, Thecla M. Helmbrecht Howard

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The field of equine assisted activities and therapies (EAAT) is growing in popularity as an alternative healing approach. However, there is a paucity of peer-reviewed research on the horses who serve as equal partners in EAAT. The purpose of this quantitative study was to discover the impact of equine-facilitated therapeutic activities on the temperament of horses, and to determine how to select a better human-to-horse therapeutic match when providing EAAT services. The theoretical framework for this research drew from Romanes' theory of animal intelligence, which predicts that temperament would change as a result of prolonged participation in specific work (EAAT …

Growing South Dakota (Winter 2016), College Of Agriculture &. Biological Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

This issue includes the 2015 South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station Annual Report.

[Page] 2 Director's Message
[Page] 3 Concentrating On Cattle: Researcher Studying Mechanics To Improve Reproduction Efficiency In Beef Cattle
[Page] 5 At The Forefront: SDSU Diagnostic Lab Scientists Sequence Avian Influenza Genome
[Page] 6 Seeking Superior Wheat: Breeder Using Extensive Genome Testing To Improve Winter Wheat Cultivars
[Page] 8 Profiles In Leadership: Plant And Fungi Interactions May Offer New Plant Production Possibilities
[Page] 9 Targeting Emerging Diseases: Plant Pathologists Working To Better Manage Soybean & Sunflower Diseases
[Page] 10 Compelling New Crop: Carinata Offers Potential For Crop Diversity, …

Comparative Evaluation Of Factors Affecting Hemagglutinatingactivity Of Avian Influenza (H9) Virus, Asfa Rasool, Sameera Akhtar, Khushi Muhammad, Masood Rabbani, Aftab Ahmed Anjum, Javed Muhammad, Arfan Ahmad, Ali Ahmad Sheikh, Fakhra Liaqat, Fariha Akhtar, Rabia Tahir

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Influenza virus H9 was standardized for hemagglutination assay using different factors such as red blood cell (RBC) types, concentrations, diluent types, and storage times. Avian influenza virus H9 was grown in embryonated chicken eggs and confirmed by spot agglutination. A significant (P < 0.05) difference with the highest mean titer (9.00 ± 0.00) was observed using RBCs from different species. Nonsignificant differences (P > 0.05) were found between human blood type O, chicken, and dog RBCs, as well as among rabbit, pigeon, sheep, and parrot. The highest titer (9.00 ± 0.00) with a nonsignificant difference was found using virus stored at 4 °C and -20 °C while 37 °C showed the lowest significant mean hemagglutinin (HA) titer (11.08 ± 188.21). Nonsignificant differences …

Effects Of Mycobacterium Phlei On Intestinal Microecology Andserum Immunological Parameters Of Weaned Piglets, Jin-Feng Zhong, Xiao-Qing Zhang, Wei-Gao Wu, Wei Tu, Zhen-Xiang Liu, Re-Jun Fang

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Mycobacterium phlei in diets (Experiment 1) and investigate the mode of action on the intestinal microecology of weaned piglets (Experiments 1 and 2 ). In Experiment 1, a total of 96 commercial cross-bred pigs [(Duroc × Yorkshire) × Landrace], weaned at 21 days, were assigned to two treatments in a completely randomized design with a single factorial arrangement of 40 days of supplementation (nonsupplemented vs. supplemented with 0.4% heat-killed M. Phlei). The results showed that M. Phlei has the capability to improve the intestinal microecology of weaned piglets. The …

Seroepidemiological Survey Of Bovine Tick-Borne Infections In Theblack Sea Region Of Turkey, Mustafa Açici, Cenk Soner Bölükbaş, Gökmen Zafer Pekmezci̇, Ali̇ Tümay Gürler, Şi̇nasi̇ Umur, Kadri̇ Zafer Karaer, Ayşe Çakmak, Ayşe Serpi̇l Nalbantoğlu, Cevat Ni̇sbet

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Babesiosis, theileriosis, and anaplasmosis are the tick-borne diseases of cattle in most of the tropical areas and Turkey. A total of 270 cattle were randomly selected from 27 villages and 77 farms in the Black Sea Region of Turkey for the determination of infections by Babesia bigemina and Anaplasma marginale by using the indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test and the competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA). Of those, 242 and 256 sera were also analyzed for antibodies against Theileria annulata and Babesia bovis infections using the IFA test, respectively, during the period of June 2006 to June 2007. Of the 256 …

Comparative Study Between Formalin-Killed Vaccine And Developed Gammairradiation Vaccine Against Mannheimia Haemolytica In Rabbits, Sahar Ahmed, Basem Ahmed, Ghada Mahmoud, Waleed Nemr, Emam Abdel Rahim

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Mannheimia haemolytica is responsible for considerable economic losses to sheep, goats, and cattle and other livestock industries in Egypt. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a newly developed gamma irradiation vaccine against Mannheimia haemolytica in comparison to a formalin-killed vaccine. Three groups of rabbits were used in this study. Group 1 animals were inoculated with 4 × 109 bacterial cells per dose of the formalin-killed vaccine. Group 2 was inoculated with 2 × 109 bacterial cells per dose of gamma-irradiated vaccine. Group 3 (control group) was injected with 2 mL of sterile PBS. The vaccines were injected subcutaneously …

High Level Fluoroquinolone Resistance In Escherichia Coli Isolatedfrom Animals In Turkey Is Due To Multiple Mechanisms, Pinar Şahi̇ntürk, Erdem Arslan, Esra Büyükcangaz, Songül Sonal, Ayşi̇n Şen, Fi̇gen Ersoy, Mark A. Webber, Laura Jv. Piddock, Murat Cengi̇z

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the molecular mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance in E. Coli isolated from cattle, goats, sheep, cats, and dogs in Turkey. Twenty nonreplicate E. Coli isolates (chosen on the basis of RAPD pattern) from food-producing animals were selected for the study. To identify phenotypic differences between isolates, the sum of the MIC values of 14 antimicrobials was calculated; values ranged from 565 to 2520 μg/mL, indicating the diversity in antimicrobial resistance present in the panel of isolates. PCR and qRT-PCR were used to characterize the presence and expression levels of known molecular mechanisms of …

Predation Of A Scorpion (Scorpiones: Buthidae) By An Assassin Bug(Heteroptera: Reduviidae) In The Brazilian Atlantic Forest, André Lira, Victor Araújo, Cleide Albuquerque

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Litter-dwelling arthropods comprise about three-fourths of the total animal biomass in tropical forests. These invertebrates are involved in many interspecific interactions, from mutualism to predation. We report herein the predation of a scorpion by an immature assassin bug (Harpactorini) during a nocturnal manual search for scorpions in a fragment of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The specimens were found 15 cm above the ground on a seedling, and the prey was two-fold larger than the predator. The assassin bug had its rostrum inserted into the pleura of a juvenile Tityus pusillus Pocock, 1893 scorpion, between the first and second segments of …

Taxonomic Status Of Neomys Species (Mammalia: Soricomorpha)And Their Distribution In Turkey, Haluk Kefeli̇oğlu, Ahmet Yesari̇ Selçuk

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The genus Neomys is distributed throughout the Palearctic. Neomys teres is widely distributed in the Black Sea region, whereas Neomys anomalus is narrowly distributed in the West Palearctic region. Similarly, in Turkey, Neomys anomalus shows a wide distribution, but Neomys teres is distributed in the Black Sea highlands. These two species can be differentiated from each other morphologically and karyologically. N. anomalus and N. teres are different in terms of penis structure. The karyotypes of Neomys anomalus and Neomys teres are 2n = 52. The karyotype of the Neomys teres population in Turkey is not yet known. Neomys anomalus has …

On The Distribution And Taxonomy Of Bats Of The Myotis Mystacinus Morphogroup From The Caucasus Region (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae), Petr Benda, Suren Gazaryan, Peter Vallo

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Due to the combination of general morphological similarity among representatives of particular populations and/or taxa, the taxonomy of the Myotis mystacinus morphogroup is traditionally considered to be one of the most complex topics of bat systematics. We used a combination of genetic and morphological approaches to identify which taxa of the morphogroup inhabit the broader Caucasus region (i.e. the territory between Crimea, Southern Russia, Northern Anatolia, and Northern Iran, incl.) and to define the relationships of these taxa to other Palaearctic populations of the morphogroup. Based on the genetic identification (complete sequence of the cytochrome b gene) of 56 specimens …

Patterns Of Skull Variation In Relation To Some Geoclimatic Conditions Inthe Greater Jerboa Jaculus Orientalis (Rodentia, Dipodidae) From Tunisia, Abderraouf Ben Faleh, Hassen Allaya, Jean Pierre Quignard, Adel Abdel Aleem Basyouny Shahin, Monia Trabelsi

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The greater Egyptian jerboa Jaculus orientalis is a member of the subfamily Dipodinae and widely distributed in Tunisia. Previous allozymic and karyotypic studies showed high gene flow and absence of genetic structuration. This study aimed to analyze the geographic patterns of cranial morphometric variation among populations of this species in Tunisia. The extent of morphometric patterns was addressed in a survey of 13 craniodental characters among 162 adult specimens collected from 12 localities within its distribution range by using univariate and multivariate statistics. Our results supported the existence of three morphotypes of this species comparable to three climatic zones, the …

Site Selection Of European Ground Squirrels (Spermophilus Citellus) In Eastern Romania And How They Are Influenced By Climate, Relief, And Vegetation, Gheorghe Zaharia, Laurentiu Petrencu, Emanuel Ştefan Baltag

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Climatic and relief factors could limit the distribution of nonmigratory animals, and especially those that inhabit temperate areas. The limitations are stronger for habitat specialist species and a good understanding of these influences can contribute significantly to the development of conservation measures to protect them. The European ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus) is a small mammal inhabiting pastures and areas of short herbaceous vegetation from Central and Southeastern Europe with limited data about their colony site selectivity. During the first wide survey of the European ground squirrel in Eastern Romania we identified a strong influence of annual precipitation, aspect, slope, vegetation …

Genetic Differentiation Of The Meriones Tristrami (Mammalia: Rodentia)Subpopulations In Turkey - Inferring Allozyme Variations, Nuri̇ Yi̇ği̇t, Fulya Saygili Yi̇ği̇t, Ercüment Çolak, Reyhan Çolak, Derya Çeti̇ntürk

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Allozyme variations of Tristram's jird Meriones tristrami, which is distributed in the steppe and semiarid areas of Turkey, were studied using 24 loci of 83 specimens from ten locations in Turkey. Seven loci were found to be polymorphic. According to the patterns of allozyme variation, the percentage of polymorphic loci was 12.5. FST was found to be 0.44, indicating high genetic variations among M. tristrami; accordingly the Nm value (0.3157) appeared quite low. The UPGMA dendrogram, based on genetic distance, showed that the populations established two very close subclusters, and supported the idea that the westernmost population connected to the …

Review Of Unique Odd Chromosome-Numbered Underground Rodent Species Ofthe Palearctic Region: Ellobius Lutescens Thomas 1897 (Rodentia: Cricetidae), Yüksel Coşkun

Turkish Journal of Zoology

A review of the species within the genus Ellobius from Turkey is provided. The Transcaucasian mole vole, Ellobius lutescens, is the westernmost representative of the genus and among the most enigmatic and yet most neglected of the Palearctic placental mammals. Currently, its distribution is thought to be restricted to eastern Anatolia. The Transcaucasian mole voles inhabit a wide variety of habitats across this distribution area in semiarid or grassland territories and high-elevation cultivated fields. The species' distribution, feeding ecology, population structure, behavior, reproduction, genetics, and fossil records are reviewed here for Turkey. This paper brings together information published during the …

The First Record Of Alpine Long-Eared Bat Plecotus Macrobullaris In Serbia, Ivana Budinski, Branko Karapandza, Vukasin Josipovic, Jelena Jovanovic, Milan Paunovic

Turkish Journal of Zoology

An inventory of bat species in the Milesevka river gorge (southwestern Serbia) was conducted in July 2013. There were six bat species recorded in the cave at the Cetanica plateau using a mist-netting technique. In this paper we report the first finding of Plecotus macrobullaris in Serbia, contributing to the knowledge of its distribution area. The bat fauna of Serbia now contains 30 species.

Comparison Of The Chromosome Banding Patterns In Three Species Of Social Voles (Microtus Irani Karamani, M. Schidlovskii, M. Anatolicus) From Turkey, Ati̇lla Arslan, Kubi̇lay Toyran, Serdar Gözütok, Tarkan Yorulmaz, Jan Zima

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The karyotypes of three species of social voles recently discovered in Turkey (Microtus irani karamani, M. schidlovskii, and M. anatolicus) were investigated. All specimens examined revealed similar karyotypes comprising 60 chromosomes in the diploid complement. All autosomes and the X chromosome were acrocentric. The subtelocentric Y chromosome was recorded in M. anatolicus but it was acrocentric in the other species. Dark C-bands were observed in centromeric/pericentromeric areas of all the acrocentric autosomes. The X chromosome had a centromeric C-positive area and the Y chromosome was completely heterochromatic in all specimens examined. AgNORs were recorded in the pericentromeric region of seven …