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Pharmacokinetics Of Oxytetracycline In Sheep After Various Intravenous Doses, Muhammad Yar, Mahmood Ahmad, Nadeem Irfan Bukhari, Muhammad Naveed Akhtar Khawaja

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Pharmacokinetics of oxytetracycline were investigated in 20 sheep following intravenous injection of 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg doses. An increase in concentration of oxytetracycline was found with increasing dose at all the sampling times in each animal. The peak plasma concentration of oxytetracycline attained after intravenous administration of 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg of the drug was 18.67±0.09, 40.63±0.16 and 86.51±0.10 mg/ml, respectively. These plasma concentrations decreased with plasma half lives of 10.88 ± 0.29, 5.87 ± 0.08 and 7.35 ± 0.08 hours respectively. Oxytetracycyine resided, as indicated by MRT for 11.23±0.25, 5.78±0.08, 6.73±0.05 hours post dosing of 40, 80 …

Determination Of Freshness And Chemical Compositon Of Scad ( Trachurus Trachurus, L. 1758) Stored In Refrigerator, Gülgün F. Ünal Şengör, Ufuk Çeli̇k, Sevi̇lsen Akkuş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to determine the freshness and chemical composition of scad stored at +2C - +4°C. As a result of bacterial activities and chemical changes in fish meat TMAO breaks down to TMA, DMA and FA. In the fish meat the amounts of these compounds are important for the determination of the freshness of fish meat. Breakdown of TMAO into DMA and FA has an effect on the properties of the texture of the fish. Hence we attempted to distinguish the textural characteristics of the stored fish with sensorial analysis. It was detected that the results of …

Using Goal Programming In Rational And Economical Animal Nutrition, İsmet Doğan, Nurhan Doğan, Abdulkadi̇r Akcan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Animal nutrition is one of the important problems of people involved in animal breeding. It is essential that animals get sufficient and well-balanced nutrition to be healthy. Especially obtaining the necessary food elements from cheaper food sources becomes a major concern when ensuring sufficient and well-balanced nutrition in animal breeding. The Goal Programming Method is an improved method for solving multi-objective problems. In solving these types of problem, it cannot be expected that all the goals can be exactly obtained. The results of multi-objective problem solutions are affected by the decision of the manager or decision maker. Therefore, when there …

Management Of A Bioeroding Sponge On The Pearl Oyster, Pinctada Maxima, Luisa Rawlinson

Theses : Honours

This thesis examines environmentally and economically viable ways to manage a sponge that is bioeroding the pearl oyster, Pinctada maxima, in pearl oyster farms throughout north-western Australia. The sponge is causing a massive loss in revenue to the pearling industry as a result of damage to the half-shell, the pearl and, often, death of the oyster. The information arising from this study is important for pearl producers and the Australian pearling industry, to ensure that the best quality P. maxima can be grown in a way that will not have adverse effects on the pristine environment in which these …

Genetic Predictors Of Reproduction, Kent Andersen

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Genetic predictions in the form of expected progeny differences (EPDs) represent the beef industry's most powerful source of information for selection and genetic improvement. While EPDs are widely available for traits associated with calving ease, growth, milk and carcass traits, EPDs for reproductive traits are limited. Given the relative economic importance, development of EPDs for reproductive traits should be a priority for the beef industry. Fortunately, recent breakthroughs in analytical procedures have opened the door for potential development of genetic predictions for reproductive traits.

Some Effects Of Feeding Supplemental Fat To Beef Cattle, R. A. Bellows

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Meeting nutrient requirements of the replacement of heifer and the pregnant or lactating heifer and cow is of critical importance in assuring optimum reproductive performance. It is well recognized that these nutrients include protein, energy, minerals, vitamins, dry matter, and water. Recent research has indicated adequate fat may be an additional nutrient that needs to be present in the diet. This presentation will review some of our recent work on the effects of feeding additional fat on potential cold tolerance in the newborn calf, development of the replacement heifer, rebreeding of the lactating dam, and weaning weight of her calf.

Going Home To The Family Ranch, Sara F. Hebbert

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Going home to the family ranch is a multi-faceted decision to be made following careful analysis of the whole picture. It is important to identify all the players, choose the right timing, define individual roles, and measure what is most valuable. Combined with these factors is the need to establish partnerships with unlikely partners. The plague of urban sprawl threatening every ag enterprise in the nation makes it continually important that we in the beef industry establish a positive relationship with those not associated with ag. The information that follows is a combination of personal history and observation.

Blue Ribbon Commission Recommendations Executive Summary – November 1999, Lynn Cornwell

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Purpose: The NCBA Board approved and President George Swan appointed the Blue Ribbon Commission to create a stronger NCBA for today and tomorrow by establishing recommendations for:

• Commitment to the producer

• State-national partnership and membership

• Governance and representation

Managing Forage Resources For Bigger Profits, Kit Pharo

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Our ranch is known as Pharo Cattle Company and is located eight miles north of Cheyenne Wells, which is on the central high plains of Eastern Colorado. This is short-grass country with very limited and unpredictable rainfall. We have a commercial cow herd, as well as a registered cow herd. Our seedstock program consists of Red Angus, Black Angus, Tarentaise, and Composites. Our Composite cattle are 50% Tarentaise, 30% Red or Black Angus and 20% Hereford.

Since our ranch provides our only source of income, our ranching practices must be both sustainable and profitable. Recently I've heard a lot of …

Reducing Harvesting Costs Using Windrow Grazing, Weldon V. Thomson

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Dr. Robert Taylor, of Colorado State University, at the 1995 NCA meeting stated, "…after the current cycle 30% of today’s beef producers will not be in business." A colleague, Paul Gehno, now with the King Ranch in Florida, once stated, "the industry that emerges from this down phase will be leaner, smaller and more competitive." Another quote, of which I am afraid I do not have the author states, "in times of change, learners inherit the earth while the learned find themselves beautifully equipped to work in a world that no longer exists."

We live in a world of change …

Complementing A Forage Program With Annual Forages, Ken Remmington

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Economists tell us that in a mature industry you must be a low cost producer to survive. The meat industry is ending the century much more mature than it began. Sophisticated production of pork and poultry with the benefit of cheap grain is putting pressure on beef producers. The long-term trend in grain prices is downward because the cost of producing grain is being reduced by three ongoing trends. The continuing enrichment of the atmosphere by CO2 and other greenhouse gases is crop production friendly despite what you may have heard of few years back. Secondly, bio-tech seeds are increasing …

Imminent Commercialization Of Sexed Bovine Sperm, J. L. Schenk, G. E. Seidel Jr.

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Cattle breeders demand products and services that improve efficiency and maximize profits. Research and development for these products, once done primarily in academic settings, now is occurring more within the private corporate sector who now fund research that was previously funded from public sources. These products often are patented and licensed to individual companies. Product availability is hastened, but sometimes at higher costs. Sex-specific sperm soon will be available to the cattle industry for use in high profile, genetically elite herds. Widespread availability of sex-specific sperm for commercial herds should follow within 2 years.

Sex-specific sperm for use with artificial …

Vaccines And Dewormers – Do We Need Them All?, Dale M. Grotelueschen

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Consumers are the ultimate beneficiaries of improved animal health. Costs and potential benefits from use of vaccines and dewormers affect returns to individual producers or operations as well as the beef industry as a whole. Vaccines that positively influence average daily gain, improve carcass quality, lower costs of production and improve efficiency, and that reduce treatments, decreasing reliance on antibiotics, and that decrease treatment costs contribute to success of the beef industry.

Consideration for use by individual operations often involves shorter time perspectives, especially if cattle are marketed or if products administered affect only production systems on the premises. When …

Lifetime Effects Of Respiratory And Liver Disease On Cattle, Bill Epperson

Range Beef Cow Symposium

In cattle, the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts are the main systems affected with disease. Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) contributes the majority of illness and death loss in the feedlot segment. Historically, 15-45% of feedlot cattle have been affected with BRD, with 1-5% of total cattle placed dying of BRD (Kelly 1986). Respiratory disease, alone, accounts for 44.1% of deaths in beef feedlot cattle (Vogel 1994). Apart from death loss, the Texas Ranch to Rail Program has suggested that clinical disease (most of which is BRD), even if treated successfully, results in treatment cost ($37.90/affected), decreased average daily gain (0.21 lb/d, …

Factors To Consider When Buying And Managing Bulls, Ivan G. Rush, Connee Quinn

Range Beef Cow Symposium

When considering purchasing a sire price often becomes the first consideration. My father once said the most expensive bull he ever purchased was the one he bought the cheapest. If replacement heifers are retained in the herd, 80-90% of the genetic change in a herd will be made by the bull's genetic makeup. Thus, as leading ranchers know, making decisions in selecting bulls is very important. Management of the bull after he arrives at the farm or ranch is also very important. The best genetic package is of little value unless the bull is managed to serve a large number …

Consideration Of Weaning Time, Implanting Strategies And Carcass Data On Cow-Calf Decisions, Doug L. Hixon

Range Beef Cow Symposium

As the beef industry becomes more focused on the consumer, various management practices must be evaluated to determine what lasting effects they might have on final consumer product. In the past, we have evaluated the effects of management decisions on performance and measured differences in pounds produced. However, the dynamic nature of the beef industry and the necessity for sustainability requires that we measure performance in dollars rather than pounds. I often ask students to describe their ideal beef animal in eleven words or less. I believe the answer to that question is "the one that makes the most money …

Enhancing Management Decisions – History Of The Decision Evaluator For The Cattle Industry, Barry Dunn, T. G. Jenkins, C. B. Williams

Range Beef Cow Symposium

Ranch management is the decision making process of resource allocation for a business enterprise that manages natural resources, animals and capitol to meet goals of profitability and sustainability. While this brief sentence captures the essence of ranch management, simplicity is hardly one of ranch decision-making's characteristics. The diagram in Figure 1 has been used to describe the challenge of ranch management as a web of information and complex interrelationships that influence the viability of a beef cattle enterprise. While even this diagram simplifies the complexities faced by ranchers as they grapple with decisions, it does add sensitivity and understanding.

Overall Animal Welfare Reviewed. Part 2: Assessment Tables And Schemes, M.B.M. Bracke, J.H.M. Metz, B. M. Spruijt

Assessment of Animal Welfare Collection

In the scientific literature several attempts have been made to systematically assess the overall welfare-status of animals in relation to housing and management. This paper reviews assessment tables and schemes that have been constructed to this end. These tables and schemes have a tabular format that allows an assessment of housing systems using a list of welfare-relevant attributes (properties of the housing system). Rather than identifying deficits, the focus of this review is on finding positive recommendations for the purpose of developing a method for overall welfare assessment (OWA) on a scientific basis. The main recommendation is to use the …

Black-Tailed Deer Habitat Changes In A Portion Of The Mount St. Helens Blast Zone, Ronald W. Davis

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study utilized Landsat TM imagery to evaluate black-tailed deer habitat changes in a portion of the Mount Saint Helens blast zone in western Washington. The purpose of this study was to compare the post eruption vegetation changes with population trends for black tailed deer. The 55,000-acre study area comprises a Washington Department of Game Management unit (GMU 524) located to the northnorthwest of Mount St. Helens. Approximately 80% ofthe mostly forested study area was affected by lateral blast from the 1980 eruption. The area is predominantly private land managed for timber production but a small portion falls within the …

Cartilage Regeneration On A Large Articular Surface Facilitated By Stress Shielding, Charles L. Mcdowell, Jennifer S. Wayne, Robert Tuten, Hunter H. Mcguire Jr.

Virginia Journal of Science

An animal model for the study of articular cartilage regeneration in-vivo facilitated by stress-shielding is introduced. The object of the model is to test the hypothesis that some form of cartilaginous tissue will grow upon a large joint surface in vivo with the joint in normal motion. The model utilizes the known capability of immature cells to differentiate. The source of cells is bleeding subchondral bone. In addition, the model provides a mechanically shielded environment in which cell differentiation and maturation can occur. The study showed that a substantial amount of tissue will grow in the animal model only when …

Health Transfers: An Application Of Health-Health Analysis To Assess Food Safety Regulations, Fred Kuchler, Jackqueline L. Teague, Richard A. Williams, Don W. Anderson

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The authors apply a Health-Health Analysis to risks associated with harvesting Gulf oysters to evaluate that approach to managing health and safety risks.

Fisheries Research Report No. 114 - The Western Australian Scallop Industry, D C. Harris, L M. Joll, R A. Watson

Fisheries Research Reports

Five separate commercial fisheries target the saucer scallop, Amusium balloti (Bernadi 1861) in Western Australian waters. While the average annual catch from these fisheries is around 600 tonnes of scallop meat, past catches have been highly variable with annual landings ranging from 150 to 4,400 tonnes of meat worth between $2 and $59 million. Consequently, scallops represent one of the larger single-species fisheries operating in Western Australia (WA).

A. balloti has a distribution spanning most of the WA coast, from Broome in the north around to Esperance in the south. Despite this extensive distribution, saucer scallops tend to be restricted …

The Translocation Of Barramundi. A Discussion Paper., Makaira Pty Ltd

Fisheries Management Papers

There is recognisable economic benefit to the translocation of barramundi, but there is also a need to ensure the translocation will not adversely impact upon the genetic diversity, introduce disease or impact on the natural environment and biodiversity. This discussion paper has been prepared to provide information to assist in the assessment of the possible impact of translocation of barramundi into and within Western Australia, for the purposed of recreational stock enhancement, aquaculture development and domestic stocking. In contemplating the translocation any aquatic species, signigicant economic and social benefits must be balanced with biological and environmental risks; that is, the …

Fish & Wildlife News: July/August 1999

Fish and Wildlife News

Contents:

Bald Eagle Soaring to Recovery 2
New Directorate Appointments 3
Biologists Discover Lynx Kittens 7
Preview National Wildlife Refuge Week 9
Refuge Management Goes Under the Sea 13
Learning About Fisheries in Region 1 14
Student Career Program Fulfills a Promise 18
Service Reaches Out to Ranchers 21
FWS and Tribes: Partnership Success Story 21
Tracking the Elusive Sage Grouse 24
New Feature: Fish & Wildlife Honors... 30
Fish & Wildlife...In Brief 31

Animal Science Newsletter, Spring 1999

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Contents:

From the Department Head's Desk
New Department Head Hired
Graduate Program
Thank You, Roger...
Undergraduate Program
Animal Science Centennial Celebration
Animal Science Graduates
Prize Winning Newsletter
Dalbey-Halleck Research Farm
Faculty Development Leave
Integrated Resource Management (IRM)
Cattleman of the Year
Bud Britton Animal Science Golf Classic
New Faculty
Master's Week Honoree
SPF Secretary-Manager Accepts New Position
Farm Bureau Honors Waldo
Block and Bridle Activities
Emeriti Addresses
Officers for 1998-1999
Activities for 1998-99
Recent Department Awards and Recognitions
Judging Team Activities
Newsletter Committee
Alumni News
Calendar of Events for 1998 – 1999

Influence Of Type Of Supplemental Carbohydrate On Ruminal Responses And Methane Output From Ruminants Consuming Low-Quality Forage, Raul J. Lira

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement, three energy supplements and two species (cows and ewes) were evaluated in two identical experimental periods: gestation and lactation. The three supplement treatments were a control, barley, and sugar beet pulp (SBP). The basal diet was tall wheatgrass straw (5.52% CP).

Forage and total dry matter intake (FDMI and TDMI, respectively) interacted (P=.04) with species, supplements, and physiological stages.

An interaction of physiological stage and sampling time occurred for pH. Supplement and sampling time interacted for butyric acid proportion and total VFA concentration.

Diet digestibility displayed an interaction between …

Nest Success Of Dabbling Ducks In A Human-Modified Prairie: Effects Of Predation And Habitat Variables At Different Spatial Scales, Jaime E. Jimenez

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nest success of dabbling ducks in the Prairie Pothole region of North America has been declining for the past 40 years in parallel with declines in duck populations. Low nest success seems to result from the combination of an extremely fragmented breeding ground in a human-dominated landscape with an abundant and expanding community of generalist nest predators. Studies that examined variables associated with nest vulnerability to predation have produced contradictory results, likely because of simplistic approaches, lack of spatio-temporal replication, use of artificial nests, and the effect of confounding variables. I attempted to clarify the equivocal findings of previous studies …

This Cat's Meow: Individual Variation Among Domestic Cats In Maternal Response To An Unrelated Kitten, Theressa Joanne Silver

Dissertations and Theses

Non-offspring nursing and adoption are puzzling behaviors seen in a number of mammalian species (Riedman, 1982; Packer et al., 1992). Although domestic cats show a proclivity for adopting strange kittens, there is a great deal of individual variation in the behavior. The goal of this project was to determine the feasibility of using behavioral observations and other measures of a mother cat's personality to predict her reaction to a strange kitten. Twelve female domestic cats with litters of kittens were tested. Three behavioral tests were done with each cat: New Person Test (NPT), Familiar Person Test (FPT), and Novel Box …

Arkansas Animal Science Department Report 1998, Stacey Gunter

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

No abstract provided.

Modifications Of Phosphocaseinate Solutions Treated By Selective Adsorption, Nathalie Martin, Rafael Jiménez-Flores, Phillip S. Tong, Yves Pouliot, Michel Britten

Dairy Science

The treatment of phosphocaseinate by adsorption with diatomaceous earths has been studied. The results suggest that magnesium and calcium silicates have a specific affinity for milk proteins. As a result, the ratio of individual casein types in phosphocaseinate solution can be manipulated.