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Instructions For Authors, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Sulfur Amino Acid Requirements Of Broilers From Two To Five Weeks Of Age, Jill A. Townsend, H. R. (Trey) Pope, Jason L. Emmert

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Phase-feeding (PF) in broiler chickens has been researched as a way to reduce feed costs without reducing growth performance and yield. Predicted amino acid requirements for PF are generated using linear regression equations derived from best estimates of lysine (Lys), sulfur amino acid (SAA), and threonine (Thr) requirements. During the late starter and early grower periods, predicted requirements for the SAA methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys) are higher than levels recommended by the National Research Council (NRC), and previous research suggests that SAA may be lowered during the grower period without sacrificing growth performance or yield. The objective of this …

Genetic And Phenotypic Parameters For Dietary Selection Of Mountain Big Sagebrush (Artemisia Tridentata Nutt. Ssp. Vaseyana [Rydb] Beetle) In Rambouillet Sheep, G. D. Snowder, J. W. Walker, K. L. Launchbaugh, L. Dale Van Vleck

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

The heritability of diet selection for mountain big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ssp. vaseyana [Rydb] Beetle) by grazing sheep was estimated from fecal samples collected from 549 Rambouillet ewes. Fecal samples were collected in September and October during 1996 and 1997 from free-grazing ewes on intermountain sagebrush-bunchgrass rangelands at the U.S. Sheep Experiment Station in Idaho. The total number of fecal samples was 1,949. Fecal samples were evaluated for composition of big sagebrush by near-infrared spectroscopy. Percentage of sagebrush in the diet was less in September than in October (21.6 vs 31.7%, respectively). Single-trait and bivariate derivative-free REML analyses …

The Possible Enzymatic Differences Between Cattle And Sheep In Their Response To Ergot Alkaloids, Susan M. Cannon, Charles F. Rosenkrans, Ali Moubarak

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Ergotamine is an ergot alkaloid associated with fescue toxicosis of livestock who have grazed endophyte-infected fescue. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect individual or species-specific differences in the metabolism of ergotamine by liver cytochrome P450 of sheep and cattle. Livers were collected from four steers and two sheep. The diet of the steers used in this study consisted of two being fed a grain diet, one steer grazing endophyte-infected fescue, and the final steer grazing endophyte-free fescue. The two lambs were both fed a grain diet. Livers were prepared and examined for the disappearance of ergotamine and …

Letter From The Dean, Gregory J. Weidemann

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Contents, Discovery Editors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

Update On Conjugated Linoleic Acids (Cla), D. E. Bauman, D. G. Peterson, L. H. Baumgard, J. W. Perfield Ii

Animal Science

No abstract provided.

Discovery: The Student Journal Of Dale Bumpers College Of Agricultural, Food And Life Sciences - Volume 2 2001, Several Authors

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

No abstract provided.

2001 Dairy Digest, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

Feeding And Supplementing Of Low-Quality Forages As An Alternative For Wintering Beef Cows, R. D. Wiedmeier, Dale R. Zobell, C. Burrell

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Modifying Water Nipples For Newborn Pigs, P. A. Phillips, D. Fraser

Learning Ability Collection

The use of bite nipples by piglets during the first six days after birth was monitored by time-lapse video recording. Simple bite nipples, mounted at a downward angle, were not discovered by most piglets within the six days, even after the nipple had been modified to drip water continuously. However, two modifications resulted in most piglets discovering the nipple within three days. These modifications were (1) mounting the nipple close to the floor with an upward angle and (2) adding a short length of chain to the valve lever

They Don’T Produce Income If They Don't Reproduce, W. Craig Burrell, Nola A. Taylor

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Milk Urea Nitrogen Test (Mun), Allen Young

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Vaccination Program For Beef Calves, Clell V. Bagley

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Hematological And Serum Chemistry Norms For Sandhill And Whooping Cranes, Glenn H. Olsen, Melina M. Hendricks, Lindsay E. Dressler

Proceedings of the North American Crane Workshop

The nonnal values used as a diagnostic tool and for comparison of cranes were established in the early 1970's. In that early study, no effort was made to look at factors such as age, sex, or subspecies. In addition, during the early study disease problems (primarily disseminated visceral coccidiosis) and nutritional problems were undiagnosed and uncontrolled. For 2 years during the annual health examinations of cranes at the USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center (patuxent), we collected blood from healthy cranes for analysis. We found significant differences between the values reported from the 1970's and the values seen in this study …

Dietary Manipulation To Reduce Ammonia Concentration In Nursery Pig Facilities, Janeth J. Colina, Austin Lewis, Phillip S. Miller, Robert L. Fischer

Nebraska Swine Reports

Five trials were conducted to determine the effects of Yucca schidigera extract or calcium chloride addition to the diet on aerial ammonia concentration and growth performance in nursery pigs. Trials were divided into two groups: preliminary studies (two trials) and major study (three trials). Pigs were fed one of three diets in separate, environmentally regulated rooms: 1) Control, containing 23% CP; 2) Control diet plus 125 ppm of Yucca schidigera extract; and 3) Control plus 1.95% calcium chloride. Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and ADG/ADFI were recorded weekly. Aerial ammonia concentration was measured daily using aspiration …

Plasma Urea Concentrations Of Pigs On Commercial Operations, Robert Fischer, Phillip S. Miller, Austin Lewis

Nebraska Swine Reports

Research was conducted on commercial swine operations to determine whether plasma urea concentrations could be used as an indicator of the protein requirement of growing-finishing pigs. The research consisted of a 30-question survey and an on-farm visit to collect blood and feed samples. The survey included questions about genetics, nutrition, housing and health. Results showed that when plasma urea concentrations were analyzed across all phases of production, barrows had greater plasma urea concentrations than gilts. Plasma urea concentrations varied between the different phases of production, with nursery pigs having the lowest plasma urea concentrations, followed by growing and finishing pigs, …

Animal Science Alumni Newsletter, Winter 2001

Department of Animal Science: Departmental News

Contents:

From the Department Head’s Desk
Faculty Resignation
New Faculty
Faculty Recognition
Graduate Program
Research News
Block and Bridle Honoree of the Year

Undegradable Intake Protein Supplementation Of Compensating, Grazing Steers, Kelly Creighton, Mark Ullerich, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of previous winter gain on response to undegradable intake protein (UIP) supplementation during the summer grazing period. Steers wintered at the FAST rate of gain had a greater response to UIP supplementation than steers with SLOW rate of gain. Maximum response for FAST cattle occurred at 150 g/d of supplemental UIP, while SLOW cattle showed no response through 150 g/d. Forage DM intake was similar for FAST and SLOW cattle, therefore SLOW cattle consumed more as a percentage of body weight. Increased gains from UIP supplementation were not maintained during the finishing …

High Moisture And Dry-Rolled High-Oil Corn For Finishing Feedlot Steers, Wanda Cerkoney, Terry L. Mader, Fred Owens

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Finishing steers fed diets containing dry-rolled high-oil corn had a 2.5% reduction in dry matter intake and 4.2% better feed efficiency than steers fed diets containing dry-rolled normal corn. Hot carcass weight, dressing percent, liver abscess score, rib fat thickness, marbling score and yield grade did not differ among treatments. Steers fed high-moisture high-oil corn had larger ribeye area and greater percent kidney, pelvic and heart fat than steers fed high moisture normal corn. No differences in performance or efficiency were detected from substituting high-oil high moisture corn for normal high moisture corn.

Effects Of Feeding Regimen On Performance, Behavior And Body Temperature Of Feedlot Steers, Shane Davis, Terry L. Mader, Wanda Cerkoney

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

One hundred forty-four predominantly Angus x Charolais steers were used to determine effects of different feeding regimens on performance, behavior and tympanic temperatures of steers under environmental heat stress. Steers were assigned to one of three treatments: 1) ad libitum fed at 0800 hr (ADLIB); 2) fed at 1600 hr with bunks slick by 0800 hr (BKMGT); and 3) fed 85% of predicted DMI at 1600 hr (LIMFD). Treatments were imposed for 23 days after which all steers were allowed ad libitum access to feed at 0800 hr. Overall performance was not affected by treatment. Altering feed time and amount …

Compensatory Growth And Slaughter Breakevens Of Yearling Cattle, D. J. Jordon, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Todd Milton, Rob Cooper

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A two-year summary of growing/ finishing systems indicates that steer calves wintered at 1.5 lb/day had lower slaughter breakeven (P < .05) costs compared to animals wintered at 0.5 lb/day. Additionally, feeding wet corn gluten feed as an energy source to increase winter gains tended (P < .15) to produce slaughter breakevens which were lower than the same winter gains produced by feeding corn. Restricting animal gain over the winter (0.5-1.0 lb/day) resulted in 25-32% compensation on grass compared to controls (1.5 lb/day). Comparison of calf finishing vs. yearling growing/finishing systems showed that steers wintered with a “fast” rate of gain (1.5 lb/day) profited $28.85/head compared to losses by steers wintered with a “slow” rate of gain (0.5 lb/day; $-30.24/head) or calf finishing ($-20.87/head).

Forage Intake And Nutrient Balance Of Heifers Grazing Sandhills Winter Range, Trey Patterson, Don C. Adams, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Two experiments with pregnant heifers grazing winter range investigated effects of supplementation to meet metabolizable protein versus CP requirements. Supplements were fed from October to February, and hay was fed in January and February of the second experiment. Supplementation to meet metabolizable protein requirements decreased weight loss in one experiment. Winter hay feeding reduced weight loss and body condition loss compared to no hay feeding. Forage intake declined from 2.1% of body weight in November to 1.3% in February. Metabolizable protein was deficient when animals were supplemented to meet CP requirements. Supplementation to meet metabolizable protein requirements may improve performance …

Performance And Economics Of Winter Supplementing Pregnant Heifers Based On The Metabolizable Protein System, Trey Patterson, Don C. Adams, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Richard T. Clark, Burke Teichert

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

In 1997-1998 and 1998-99, pregnant, March-calving heifers (2,375 head) at two locations of a ranch in Nebraska were used to evaluate the production and economic responses of winter supplementation (September to February) to meet metabolizable protein or CP requirements. Net present value was used to determine the economic benefits of supplement treatments. In 1997-98, metabolizable protein heifers had higher pregnancy rates and expected profitability than CP heifers at one of two locations. In 1998-99, metabolizable protein heifers had higher pregnancy rates and expected profitability at both locations.

Managing N Inputs And The Effect On N Losses Following Excretion In Open-Dirt Feedlots In Nebraska, Galen Erickson, Terry Klopfenstein

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Feedlot nutrition will play an important role in meeting environmental challenges of beef cattle feedlots. Nutritionists are continually refining protein requirements and recently adopted a new, metabolizable protein (MP) system to more efficiently use N and allow more accurate diet formulation. Protein requirements vary by animal age and weight during the finishing period. Our hypothesis was that formulating diets with the MP system would decrease N inputs leading to decreased excretion and losses. Comparing industry average diets (13.5% CP) to phase-fed diets formulated to not exceed MP requirements decreased N inputs by 10 to 20% for calves and yearlings without …

Estimating Forage Protein Degradation In The Rumen, Terry J. Klopfenstein, R. A. Mass, K. W. Creighton, H. H. Patterson

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Forage proteins are degraded rapidly by rumen microorganisms and therefore supply relatively small quantities of undegraded intake protein (UIP). Growing cattle with high metabolizable protein requirements and lactating beef and dairy cows respond to UIP supplementation when fed high-forage diets, even though degradable intake protein (DIP) is adequate. This observation suggests that an accurate estimate of forage UIP is needed to establish optimal supplementation conditions. Microbial protein must be quantitated in duodenal or in situ residue samples to accurately measure forage UIP. Purines commonly are used as a microbial protein marker. Recent reports suggested that the original purine procedure generates …

Switching Feedlot Dietary Fiber Level For Cattle Fed In Winter, T. L. Mader, M. S. Davis, J. M. Dahlquist, A. M. Parkhurst

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Four feeding regimens were evaluated in two different outside facilities [tree windbreak provided (SP) vs no wind protection provided (NP)] over two winter seasons. Feeding regimens were 1) 7.5% (DM basis) alfalfa hay (AH) diet (Low- Low); 2) 15% (DM basis) AH diet switched to a 7.5% (DM basis) AH diet under cold stress conditions (High-Low); 3) 7.5% (DM basis) AH diet switched to a 15% (DM basis) AH diet under cold stress conditions (Low-High); and 4) 15% (DM basis) AH diet (High-High). For feeding regimens High-Low and Low- High, cold stress was determined by use of a model, based …

"Vertebrate Pests Of Agriculture, Forestry And Public Lands" 2001 Annual Meeting

Western Region Coordinating Committee for Vertebrate Pests of Agriculture, Forestry, and Public Lands (WCC-95)

Table of Contents

2001 Officers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Minutes ................................................................ 2

Number and Title of the Regional Project ................................ 2

Location and Dates of the Meeting ................................... 2

Participants ................ , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . …

Effects Of Epilimnetic Versus Metalimnetic Fertilization On The Phytoplankton And Periphyton Of A Mountain Lake With A Deep Chlorophyll Maxima, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, H. P. Gross, Phaedra E. Budy, Chris Luecke

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Nutrients can load directly to either the epilimnion or metalimnion of lakes via either differential inflow depths of tributaries or intentional fertilization of discrete strata. We evaluated the differential effects of epilimnetic versus metalimnetic nutrient loading using 17-m-deep mesocosms that extended into the deep chlorophyll layer of oligotrophic Pettit Lake in the Sawtooth Mountains of Idaho. Addition of nitrogen plus phosphorus stimulated primary production nearly identically (2.4- to 4-fold on different dates) in both treatments, with the production peaks occurring in the strata where nutrients were added. The metalimnetic fertilization, however, resulted in equal or greater stimulation of chlorophyll a …

Yellow Lupins For The Pig Industry, Bruce P. Mullan

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

There is no doubt that Yellow lupins are suitable as an ingredient in the diet of pigs from weaning through until slaughter. While no research has been conducted on feeding this variety to breeding stock, there is no reason to believe that it would not be a suitable source of energy and amino acids. Whether it will become a significant ingredient in pig diets will depend on its availability and price.