Digital Commons Network^™

Gge Biplot Analysis Of Yield Stabi Lity For Andean Dry Bean Accessions Grown Under Different Abiotic Stress Regimes In Tanzania, E. J. Mndolwa, S. N. Msolla, T. G. Porch, Phillip N. Miklas

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Large seeded Andean dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are most preferred in Africa. However, low soil fertility and increasing drought stress conditions due to climate change are among the challenges faced by farmers in this region. The purpose of this study was to identify Andean genotypes with yield stability and to identify the best environments for selection of this trait. GGE-Biplot analysis was used to examine 183 Andean bean genotypes in Tanzania. Results indicated significant environment (E), genotype (G) and genotype x environment (GE) effects for seed yield. The environment explained 46%, genotype 20%, and GE 34% of the total …

The Role Of Genotype And Production Environment In Determining The Cooking Time Of Dry Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.), Karen A. Cichy, Jason A. Wiesinger, Matthew Berry, Susan Nchimbi‐Msolla, Deidre Fourie, Timothy G. Perch, Daniel Ambechew, Phillip N. Miklas

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a nutrient‐dense food rich in proteins and minerals. Although a dietary staple in numerous regions, including Eastern and Southern Africa, greater utilization is limited by its long cooking time as compared with other staple foods. A fivefold genetic variability for cooking time has been identified for P. vulgaris, and to effectively incorporate the cooking time trait into bean breeding programs, knowledge of how genotypes behave across diverse environments is essential. Fourteen bean genotypes selected from market classes important to global consumers (yellow, cranberry, light red kidney, red mottled, and brown) were grown …

Seedling Root Architecture And Its Relationship With Seed Yield Across Diverse Environments In Phaseolus Vulgaris, Christopher F. Strock, James Burridge, Anica S.F. Massas, James S. Beaver, Steve E. Beebe, Samuel A. Camilo, Deidre Fourie, Celestina Nhagupana Jochua, Magalhaes Amade Miguel, Phillip N. Miklas, Eninka Mndolwa, Susan Nchimbi-Msolla, Jose Polania, T. Porch, Juan C. Rosas, Jennifer J. Trapp, Jonathan P. Lynch

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Seedling root phenotypes may have important impacts on fitness and are more easily measured than mature root phenotypes. We phenotyped the roots of 577 genotypes of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), representing the bulk of the genetic diversity for recent cultivars and landraces in this species. Root architectural phenotypes of seedlings germinated for nine days were compared to root architectural phenotypes in the field as well as seed yield across 51 environments with an array of abiotic stresses including drought, nutrient deficiency, and heat, as well as non-stress conditions. We observed repeatability ranging from 0.52–0.57 for measures of root phenotypes in …

Comparison Of Maize Lines And Their Test Crosses According To Grain Yield And Somephysiological Properties, Eli̇f Özdemi̇r, Bayram Sade

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study evaluated 7 inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.), 3 testers, and 21 hybrids produced using the line × tester mating design. The study was conducted in Konya, in The Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. CD (coefficient of determination) values were calculated to detect the effect of inbred lines on grain yield and other physiological properties of the test crosses. The mean values of all the parameters of the genotypes were evaluated using the Duncan?s multiple range test for grouping progenies and parent groups. The CD values between parent groups and progenies were statistically significant for photosynthetic efficiency …

Highly Polymorphic Novel Simple Sequence Repeat Markers From Class I Repeats Inwalnut (Juglans Regia L.), Emre Eser, Hayat Topçu, Sina Kefayati, Mehmet Sütyemez, Md Rashedul Islam, Sali̇h Kafkas

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is the most important species in the genus Juglans due to the high commercial value of its nuts and timber. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are considered as the markers of choice owing to their codominant nature. Since very few SSRs have been developed in walnut, this study aimed to develop numerous polymorphic SSRs from Class I repeats by using DNA sequences of the Chandler cultivar. In all, 800 SSRs were designed and tested in 8 Turkish, 3 French, and 5 US walnut cultivars, of which 88 (11%) did not produce bands, 161 (20.1%) were monomorphic, and …

Improvement Of Rebaudioside A Diterpene Glycoside Content In Stevia Rebaudianabertoni Using Clone Selection, Begüm Kaplan, Kenan Turgut

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study, conducted in Antalya, Turkey, between 2014 and 2016, aimed to determine genotypes with a high amount of rebaudioside A (reb A) and high reb A/stevioside (stv) ratio in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, and reveal superior candidate varieties via the clone selection method. The study started with 200 genotypes in the first year, followed by the stem cuttings of 40 genotypes selected in the second year, in accordance with the obtained data, which were grown in rows (A clones), and the 10 genotypes (B clones) selected from the clones in the third year, which were grown in 3 replications according …

Role Of Endogenous Polyamines In The Alternate Bearing Phenomenon In Pistachio, Muhammet Ali̇ Gündeşli̇, Sali̇h Kafkas, Mouzghan Zarifikhosroshahi, Nesi̇be Ebru Kafkas

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Alternate bearing is a significant economic problem adversely affecting the producers, consumers, and economy of a country. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the physiological role of free polyamines (PAs) in fruit bud abscission of the Uzun pistachio variety, which has a strong alternate bearing tendency. The identification and quantification of PAs, such as putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and spermine (Spm), at different physiological stages and in different organs, were carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography. Putrescine was the major PA in all the organs of pistachio trees. Furthermore, the concentrations of Put and Spd in the leaves …

The Development Of A Low Cost Uav-Based Image Acquisition System And The Procedure For Capturing Data In Precision Agriculture, Ari̇f Behi̇ç Teki̇n, Marco Fornale

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Remote sensing is a method of monitoring the natural heterogeneity of vegetation. Although satellite based remote sensing has been a popular method for monitoring the earth's surface, it has several drawbacks, such as the orbital period, unattended capture, and investment cost. On the other hand, an unmanned air vehicle (UAV) is more flexible in terms of deployment, monitoring a small area, and being easy to obtain at a low cost. From this point of view, the goal of this research was to develop a low cost and easy to implement technical solution for mapping spatial heterogeneity and research its relationship …

Effects Of Methyl Jasmonate And Salicylic Acid On The Production Of Camphor And Phenolic Compounds In Cell Suspension Culture Of Endemic Turkish Yarrow(Achillea Gypsicola) Species, Muhammed Aki̇f Açikgöz, Şevket Meti̇n Kara, Ahmet Aygün, Mehmet Muharrem Özcan, Ebru Bati Ay

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Elicitors have been widely used as biotic and abiotic stimulants in triggering the production of secondary metabolites in plant cell culture. The present study aimed to enhance the production of camphor and phenolic compounds and cell growth using methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and salicylic acid (SA) in the cell suspension culture of Turkish endemic species Achillea gypsicola. Various concentrations (0, 10, 50, and 100 μM) of MeJA and SA were applied to 8-day-old cell cultures. The camphor and phenolic compound contents were determined using a headspace gas chromatographic-mass spectrometer device and spectrophotometer. Increasing doses of MeJA and SA significantly enhanced the …

Effects Of Tillage Method And Fertilizer Type On The Yield Of Sudan Grass(Sorghum Bicolor L.), Bojan Stipesevic, Bojana Brozovic, Danijel Jug, Irena Jug, Vesna Vukadinovic, Boris Djurdjevic

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The Sudan grass plant (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench subsp. drummondii) density and yield were determined in this 2-year research with different tillage systems and fertilization at 3 locations. After harvesting the main crops, 3 tillage treatments were applied: conventional (CT) mouldboard ploughing (25-30 cm deep), followed by disk harrowing and sowing: reduced tillage 1 (HDH) with 2 passes by a disk harrow (15-20 cm deep), followed by seedbed preparation, and reduced tillage 2 (LDH) with a single pass by a disk harrow. Soil penetration resistance was measured at each tillage treatment. A total of 5 side dressing fertilizer treatments were …

Determination Of Essential Oil Components, Mineral Matter, And Heavy Metal Content Ofsalvia Virgata Jacq. Grown In Culture Conditions, Belgi̇n Coşge Şenkal, Tansu Uskutoğlu, Cüneyt Cesur, Volkan Özavci, Hülya Doğan

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Most members of the family Lamiaceae are of considerable importance in areas such as medicine, food, cosmetics, and perfumery, as they are rich in essential oils, aromatic oils, and secondary metabolites. Sage, a member of this family, is the generic name for species of the genus Salvia. The genus Salvia has approximately 900 species worldwide. There are 99 species of the genus Salvia L. in Turkey; 51 of these species are endemic. The local name of S. virgata is "yılancık" or "fatmanaotu" in Turkey, and it is used for the treatment of wounds and various skin diseases. In addition, a …

Effect Of Cultivar And Fertilization On Garlic Yield And Allicin Content In Bulbs At Harvestand During Storage, Nina Kacjan Marsic, Marijan Necemer, Robert Veberic, Natasa Poklar Ulrih, Mihaela Skrt

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Allicin, one of the most important flavor compounds in garlic bulbs, is affected by genotypic characteristics modified by ontogenesis, environmental conditions, fertilization practices, and storage duration. Therefore, the effects of fertilization practices and cultivar on garlic yield and allicin content in garlic bulbs were evaluated at harvest and during storage. One autochthonous (Ptujski spomladanski) and three commercial cultivars (Garcua, Gardacho, and Gardos) were used, and three fertilization treatments (N90S0 - 90 kg N ha-1, N90S60 - 90 kg N ha-1 +60 kg S ha-1, and N0S0 - control) were performed during two growing seasons. After the harvest, 32 bulbs per …

New Technology (In Situ Grafting) For Faster Production Of Walnut (Juglans Regia L.), Borivoje Bogdanovic, Sandra Bijelic, Branislava Golosin, Dijana Kulacanin

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Technology regarding grafted walnut production is very complex and expensive because it depends on a number of factors that directly influence grafting success. Due to a long production period and a smaller number of first class plants compared to other fruit species, young walnut trees are among the most expensive. New in situ production technology of young walnut trees has led to quicker production, shorter by 1 year, and increased the success of grafting, allowing for large-scale production of grafted walnut. In order to increase the production of quality planting material for walnut varieties, the possibility of walnut grafting in …

Combined Effects Of Ethephon And Mepiquat Chloride On Late Blooming, Fruit Set, Andphytochemical Characteristics Of Black Diamond Plum, Kerem Mertoğlu, Yasemi̇n Evrenosoğlu, Mehmet Polat

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was carried out in 2015 and 2016 to investigate the use of ethephon and mepiquat chloride for reduction of damage to flowering and fruit set caused by late spring frosts in Black Diamond plum. The single treatment of mepiquat chloride delayed full blooming by 5 days, while the ethephon treatment delayed blooming by 7 days. The interactive effect of the chemicals yielded more positive results in the delay of blooming, causing a delay of up to 11 days. An increase in fruit set was observed along with blooming. The fruit set percentage of the control was 4.18%, while …

Nebline, January 2019

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

2018 Extension highlights

Benefit to people

Teaching, growing and making a difference

36,520 youth engaged in 4-H programs

Extension’s volunteers worth nearly $700,000

New Year, new you: Nutrition tips to a healthier you

RECIPE OF THE MONTH

Pesticide applicator 2019 training dates

Ag Estate and Succession Planning workshop, Jan. 23 & March 5

Successful Farmer Series

Upcoming green industry conferences

Extension’s 2019 Master Gardener trainings, two sites available

Garden Guide Things to Do This Month

Sticky situation: Using glue boards to monitor pests

HEART OF 4-H Volunteer Award: Susan Bulling

IT’S TIME TO RE-ENROLL IN 4-H!

Meet 2018–2019 4-H Council …

Interactions Of Arbuscular Mychorrhizal Fungi And Bacterial Endophytes On Disease Resistance Of Common Root Pathogens In Wheat, Janice L. Eibensteiner

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Arbuscular mycorrhiza, a symbiosis between plants and fungi, help plants to capture nutrients such as phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N) and other micronutrients from the aggre in exchange for up to 20% of the fixed carbon (C) from the plant. In addition, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can improve the resistance against abiotic (drought, salinity), and also biotic (pathogen) stresses. Bacterial endophytes promote plant growth and yield by fixing N2 from the atmosphere, assimilating N and transfer it to the plant. Bacterial endophytes can also solubilize phosphate and stimulate plant defense responses, suppressing pathogens. The host plant provides sucrose and a favorable …

Greenhouse Aquaponics: Custom Aquaponic Systems At Home, Jesse L. Blanchard, David G. Hyatt, Jennie Popp, Leah English

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Taking advantage of inherent natural systems, aquaponic practices hold the potential to serve as an educational, sustainable, and profitable hobby for home gardeners facing common constraints such as temperature, space, and pests. The goal of this research was to assess the feasibility of implementing a small scale (4,542-liter) home -based aquaponic system in a small (48.768 square meter) greenhouse to produce fresh produce and fish protein. System construction and maintenance costs were compared to the value of crops and fish produced to determine whether this aquaponic system is a feasible option for the home grower. It was hypothesized that this …

Identifying Arkansas Food Desert Blocks Suitable For A Peer-To-Peer Modeled Food Redistribution Program, Emily A. King, Jennie S. Popp, Michael R. Thomsen, Di Fang, Alvaro Durand-Morat

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Abstract

Nearly 10% of Americans reside in low-income urban food deserts which are low-income areas that lack access to affordable and nutritious foods. Food deserts in Arkansas contribute to a food insecurity rate above the national average, making it one of the most food insecure states in the country. Increased internet usage and consumer interest in sharing based companies contribute to the idea of a sharing, or peer-to-peer (P2P) style food redistribution program. The objective of this study is to identify which of the 186,211census blocks in the state of Arkansas are food deserts and best suited for and in …

Effects Of Agricultural Loans In Developing Countries – Benin Case Study, Nicaise S. M. Sagbo

Theses and Dissertations--Agricultural Economics

Limited access to financial services is known as a major constraint to agricultural development (FAO, 2002). Farmers need liquidity to face agricultural expenses throughout the production cycle but mainly at the beginning. Mainstream financial institutions are reluctant to serve the agricultural sector for several reasons. First, they consider the sector to be highly risky with low performance. Also, agricultural activities depend on the weather, they take place in remote rural areas, and commodities prices are volatile. All these aspects make it hard for standard banks to reach their profit goals when lending to farmers. Since microfinance was conceived, it has …

Utilizing Large Scale Datasets To Evaluate Aspects Of A Sustainable Bioeconomy, Gwanseon Kim

Theses and Dissertations--Agricultural Economics

This dissertation combines large scale datasets to evaluate crop prediction, land values, and consumption of a crop being considered to advance a sustainable bioeconomy. In chapter 2, we propose a novel application of the multinomial logit (MNL) model to estimate the conditional transition probabilities of crop choice for the state of Kentucky. Utilizing the recovered transition probabilities the forecast distributions of total acreages for alfalfa, corn, soybeans, tobacco, and wheat produced in the state from 2010 to 2015 can be recovered. The Cropland Data Layer is merged with the Common Land Unit dataset to allow for the identification of crop …

Impact Of Selected Infrared Wavelengths On Inactivation Of Microbes On Rough Rice, Rebecca L. Bowie, Griffiths Atungulu, Abass Oduola, Shantae Wilson, Zeinab Mohammadi-Shad

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Formation of harmful microbes and their associated mycotoxins on rough rice during storage presents negative socioeconomic impacts to producers and consumers. The objective for this study was to investigate the impact of treating rough rice with selected infrared (IR) wavelengths at different IR intensities and heating durations, followed by a tempering step for further inactivation of microbes (mold and bacteria) on the grain. Freshly-harvested long-grain, hybrid, rough rice (XL 745) with initial moisture content (IMC) of 18.4% wet basis (w.b.) was used. Two-hundred grams (200 g) samples of rice were treated at different IR wavelengths (λ), 3.2, 4.5, and 5.8 …

Evaluation Of Air Movement In Equestrian Facilities And On Equine Athletes, Staci Elaine Mcgill

Theses and Dissertations--Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering

Ventilation and air movement are important aspects of animal agriculture and is frequently neglected in equine facilities. This paper discusses three different studies that examine different components of ventilation and air movement. One is a fan orientation study which examines how fans impact the stall environment, the second is a cooling study questioning whether forced air speed across a horse increases the rate of cool out after intense exercise, and the last is a survey examining ventilation, air quality, and health concerns in indoor arenas.

The stall fan study took place over two summers with the goal of determining how …

Biology And Management Of The Soybean Stem Borer, Dectes Texanus Leconte, In Kentucky, Izabela Gomes

Theses and Dissertations--Entomology

Dectes texanus LeConte (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a longhorn beetle species endemic to eastern United States. Originally described as a pest of weeds from the family Asteraceae, D. texanus has expanded its host range and is found infesting the stems of soybeans, Glycine max (L.) through the southwestern and middle United States. Female D. texanus chews a hole in the epidermis of a petiole and oviposits on it. Then, the D. texanus larva depletes all the pith of the stem making a tunnel down to the base of the plant and girdle the stem about 5 cm above the …

Observations And Applications Of Husbandry Methodologies On A Backyard Poultry Farm In Dangriga, Belize, Bailey A. Carpenter, Frank Dustan Clark

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

This study explores the husbandry methodologies on a backyard poultry farm in Dangriga, Belize, with the purpose of producing a set of guidelines for backyard poultry growers that have limited resources in similar regions. The majority of data collection occurred through survey questions approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB), which is responsible for protecting the rights and welfare of human research subjects, necropsies approved by IACUC, and general observations. There has been a steady increase in poultry production in developing regions due to its positive effects on income and relative nutrition. However, due to a lack of accessible communication …

Effect Of Rootstocks On Phytochemical Properties Of Apricot Fruit, Müttali̇p Gündoğdu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The phytochemical influence of rootstocks on the Hacıhaliloğlu apricot cultivar was examined in this study. Myrobolan 29-C, Myrobolan GF-31, Marianna 2624, Pixy, and Tokaloğlu rootstocks were used and organic acid, sugars, vitamin C, total antioxidant capacity, and phenolic compounds were identified. The highest phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity were observed in Tokaloğlu rootstock. While Myrobolan GF-31 stood out in terms of organic acids and vitamin C, Pixy stood out in terms of sugar. The highest sugar content (sucrose) was recorded as 24.178 mg 100 g-1 in 'Pixy'. It was determined that Tokaloğlu rootstock had increased organic acid (1030.730 mg 100 …

Salt Stress By Nacl Alters The Physiology And Biochemistry Of Tissue Culture-Grownstevia Rebaudiana Bertoni, Rabia Javed, Ekrem Gürel

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study reports the response to salinity stress (100 mM, 200 mM, and 300 mM NaCl concentration) exposure of the commercially valuable medicinal plant Stevia rebaudiana during micropropagation for 4 weeks. The significant enhancement of physiological parameters, steviol glycosides (SGs), i.e. rebaudioside A and stevioside, as examined by high-performance liquid chromatography, and nonenzymatic antioxidant activities, i.e. total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total antioxidant capacity, total reducing power, and DPPH-free radical scavenging activity, was observed during the shoot formation process under up to 100 mM NaCl stress. Callus formation produced similar results regarding physiology and antioxidant assays, except that it …

Occurrence And Seasonal Variation Of The Root Lesion Nematode Pratylenchus Neglectuson Cereals In Bolu, Turkey, Abdelfattah Dababat, Şenol Yildiz, Vahdetti̇n Çi̇ftçi̇, Nagi̇han Duman, Mustafa İmren

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The root lesion nematode Pratylenchus spp. is one of the most important plant-parasitic nematodes causing global cereal yield losses. Effective management of plant-parasitic nematodes depends on reliable management strategies and comprehensive datasets estimating the distribution, abundance, and population change of nematode species. This study reports the occurrence of Pratylenchus neglectus in wheat-growing districts during the 2014/15 and 2015/16 cropping seasons in Bolu, Turkey. Pratylenchus neglectus was identified by both morphological and molecular methods. The nematode was detected in 11.6% of samples collected from five districts. On average, P. neglectus numbered 1556 nematodes/kg soil, while 12% of samples had more than …

Diversity Of Biochemical Content In Fruits Of Some Indigenous Mulberry Genotypes, Aytül Balik, Mustafa Kenan Geçer, Rafet Aslantaş

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This research was carried out to assess the biochemical diversity of the fruits of mulberry genotypes grown in Muş Province in the eastern Anatolia region and to determine the genotypes available for breeding. Morphological and biochemical characteristics of 13 mulberry fruit genotypes, including 5 white (Morus alba) and 8 black (Morus nigra), were determined. Fruit antioxidant capacity was determined by Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay. Fruit weight, pH, soluble solid content, titratable acidity, vitamin C, and antioxidant capacity were 1.38-3.77 g, 4.77-6.79, 14.33%-23.50%, 0.53%-2.20%, 4.47-35.83 mg 100 g-1, and 4.33-13.63 µmol Trolox equivalent g, respectively, indicating enough diversity among genotypes …

Tree Vigor, Yield, Fruit Quality, And Antioxidant Capacity Of Apple (Malus × Domestica Borkh.) Influenced By Different Fertilization Regimes: Preliminary Results, Tomo Milosevic, Nebojsa Milosevic, Jelena Mladenovic

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Tree growth, productivity, fruit quality attributes, and antioxidant activity were tested in apple cultivar Idared under different fertilization treatments from the 22nd to the 23rd year after planting in a heavy acidic soil under western Serbian conditions. Treatments included the use of aged cattle manure, compound NPK (15:15:15) mineral fertilizer, a multinutrient fertilizer commercially named Italpolina (ITP) (NPK + organic carbon + humic acids), two types of N mineral fertilizers (calcium ammonium nitrate [CAN] and urea), and control (no fertilization). Results showed that Idared trees were more vigorous when fertilized with the two N fertilizers than when treated with another …

Effect Of Rhizobacteria Treatments On Nutrient Content And Organic And Amino Acid Composition In Raspberry Plants, Muzaffer İpek

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been found to be beneficial to plant growth, yield, crop quality, the environment, and sustainable agricultural production. Therefore, six bacterial strains were tested to determine their effects on raspberry's nutrient content and organic and amino acid composition. The experiment was performed from 2015 to 2017. Two-year-old raspberry plants were inoculated with bacterial suspensions by a dipping method and were planted in 30-L pots. The mineral content and organic acid and amino acid composition of the leaf and root were compared in the Alcaligenes 637Ca, Staphylococcus MFDCa1 and MFDCa2, Agrobacterium A18, Pantoea FF1, and Bacillus M3 …