Digital Commons Network^™

Comprehensive Quality Evaluation And Analysis Of Nutrition Components Of Various Flaxseed, Wang Li-Yan, Wang Xin-Miao, Jing Rui-Yong, Guo Yong-Xia

Food and Machinery

Objective： To study the difference of comprehensive nutrition quality, different flaxseed varieties were investigated. Methods: 12 flaxseed varieties from 6 producing areas were used as research objects, eight nutrition components, including alpha-linolenic acid, were used evaluation index, 12 flaxseed varieties were evaluated by subordinate function methods and principal component analysis classified by clustering methodology. Results: Three principal components were extracted from 8 indexes by principal component analysis, and their cumulative contribution rate reaches 87.608%, reflecting better the comprehensive information of 12 flaxseed varieties. Crude protein, total amino acid, iron, and alpha-linolenic acid contents can be a comprehensive evaluation index of …

Simultaneous Determination Of Rodenticide Residues In Meat By Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Zhong Fei-Fei, Xu Wen-Yang, Yang Yun, Xie Fang-Yun, Song Yang, Huang Yan

Food and Machinery

Objective: To establish a LC/MS-MS method for simultaneous determination of 11 rodenticides in meat. Methods: The sample was extracted with acetonitrile, QuEChERs extraction salt packet was used for purification, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for qualitative and quantitative analysis of 11 rodenticide residues in meat. In this method, 0.05 mol/L ammonium acetate aqueous solution and methanol was adopted as mobile phase elution, with positive ion mode scanning for electrospray ionization. The external standard method was adopted for quantitative analysis. Results: The standard solution showed a linear relationship in the range of 0.2~100.0 μg/L, and the correlation coefficient was greater than 0.99 …

Synthesis Of Artificial Antigen And Elisa Identification Of Mouse Polyclonal Antiserum Against Clonidine Hydrochloride, Wang Yao, Cao Jin-Bo, Li Tie-Mei, Pang Xing-Hao, Hu Xiao-Fei

Food and Machinery

Objective: The aim of this study was to obtain highly sensitive and specific mouse polyclonal antiserum of Clonidine hydrochloride (CLO). Methods: Apraclonidine (ACLO), a derivative of CLO, was acted as hapten of clonidine (CLO) to synthesize immune antigen CLO-BSA and envelope antigen CLO-OVA by glutaraldehyde (GA). The coupling effect was identified by ultraviolet scanning and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Then, BALB/c mice were immunized and their immunological characteristics were identified by indirect ELISA and indirect competitive ELISA. Results: The titer of polyclonal antiserum of all mice were higher than 1∶12 800, and the polyclonal antiserum of No.3 mouse has the best …

The Misunderstanding Of The Application Of The Secondary Meta Culture In The Design Of Food Packaging And Its Localization Strategy, Yang Lin

Food and Machinery

Through animation images in food packaging design, the secondary meta culture has experienced a long development period in China. However, in practice, there are a series of misunderstandings in food packaging design that are not conducive to market competitiveness. These misunderstandings mainly include blindly taking doctrine, serious homogenization, and the lack of understanding of aesthetic changes of audiences in different times. Therefore, it is necessary to solve these problems by realizing traditional cultural character image animation innovation, local animation image innovation for market segments, and personalized local animation design innovation based on general aesthetics. This will help realize the localization …

Determination Of Lignans In Qinghai Flaxseed And Its Antioxidant Activity, Chen Yun-Yun, Wang Jin-Ying, Wang Xing-Rui, Han Yu-Ze, Li Ying-Xia, Wang Shu-Zhen

Food and Machinery

Objective: It provides a basis for promoting the high-value utilization of flaxseed and its processing by-products in Qinghai. Methods: Using linseeds from different producing areas and varieties in Qinghai province as raw materials, and the content of lignan and its component-secoisolariciresinol diglucoside and secoisolariciresinol in 20 kinds of flaxseeds in Qinghai were determined by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography, based on DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging ability to evaluate the antioxidant activity of these two lignans. Results: The content of lignans in flaxseeds from different producing areas and varieties in Qinghai Province was significantly different （P<0.05）, and the content ranges of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside and secoisolariciresinol were 7.53～23.33 mg/g, 0.85～2.55 mg/g, respectively. Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside and secoisolariciresinol have scavenging effects on DPPH and ABTS free radicals. There were significant differences in the antioxidant activity of lignans in 20 kinds of flaxseeds （P<0.05）. Conclusion: Linseeds from different producing areas and varieties in Qinghai Province have different lignan content, which has good antioxidant capacity.

An Assessment Of The Factors Influencing The Prediction Accuracy Of Genomic Prediction Models Across Multiple Environments, Sarah Widener, George Graef, Alexander E. Lipka, Diego Jarquin

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The effects of climate change create formidable challenges for breeders striving to produce sufficient food quantities in rapidly changing environments. It is therefore critical to investigate the ability of multi-environment genomic prediction (GP) models to predict genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) in extreme environments. Exploration of the impact of training set composition on the accuracy of such GEBVs is also essential. Accordingly, we examined the influence of the number of training environments and the use of environmental covariates (ECs) in GS models on four subsets of n = 500 lines of the soybean nested association mapping (SoyNAM) panel grown in …

Integrating Underutilized Black Volunteers In 4-H Youth Development Programs, Maurice Smith Jr., Shannon Wiley

Journal of Extension

4-H Youth Development prides itself on providing essential resources to reach underserved minority populations. 4-H provides programming and professional development for volunteers to include diverse hands-on training, and cultural competency workshops. This article provides best practices for the inclusion of African American volunteers in 4-H programming efforts that could help extension educators better understand the need to include minority volunteer roles and responsibilities. These strategies include strengthening diverse volunteer make-up, increasing participation and trust among African American youth, and engaging volunteers working in educational organizations that could provide real world experiences for youth.

Veganic Agriculture In The United States: Opportunities For Research, Outreach, And Education, Alisha Utter, Mona Seymour

Journal of Extension

A growing number of farmers are excluding animal inputs from crop production, an approach commonly referred to as veganic or stockfree organic agriculture. This research-based article discusses the soil health and fertility strategies reported by a sample of U.S. veganic farmers. These approaches may be relevant beyond the veganic community to farmers seeking innovative methods for produce safety and nutrient cycling. Agricultural outreach professionals (AOPs), including Extension personnel, play a critical role in supporting veganic practices by serving as cross-pollinators between farmers and research institutions. Thus, the article endeavors to expand AOP familiarity with veganic practices and benefits.

Generalist Bird Exhibits Site-Dependent Resource Selection, Samantha M. Cady, Craig A. Davis, Samuel D. Fuhlendorf, Rheinhardt Scholtz, Daniel R. Uden, Dirac Twidwell

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Quantifying resource selection (an organism's disproportionate use of available resources) is essential to infer habitat requirements of a species, develop management recommendations, predict species responses to changing conditions, and improve our understanding of the processes that underlie ecological patterns. Because study sites, even within the same region, can differ in both the amount and the arrangement of cover types, our objective was to determine whether proximal sites can yield markedly different resource selection results for a generalist bird, northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus). We used 5 years of telemetry locations and newly developed land cover data at two, geographically distinct but …

Lrp-Feeder Cattle Insurance Usage Up With Recent Changes, Jay Parsons

Cornhusker Economics

Market uncertainties pose a significant risk to cattle producers, who have a substantial amount of money invested in breeding livestock, land, and other infrastructure. Live-stock Risk Protection (LRP) insurance became available in the early 2000s from the USDA Risk Management Agency to provide cattle and swine producers with a simple price risk management tool to protect against unexpected down-swings in the national market price. LRP is a single-peril insurance product that provides an indemnity to insured producers if a national price index falls below a selected coverage price on the end date of the policy. LRP insurance functions like a …

What Is Biochar And How Is It Used?, Marion Murray

All Current Publications

Biochar is a charcoal-like product that contains no petroleum. It is made by heating biomass such as herbaceous or woody crop residues, non-salvageable timber, and slash, or animal manure, in a contained system. There are many potential uses for biochar including water treatment, land reclamation, and carbon sequestration. Biochar may also be used as a soil amendment for two purposes – to improve plant health and to store carbon.

Data From A Public–Industry Partnership For Enhancing Corn Nitrogen Research, C J. Ransom, J D. Clark, G M. Bean, C J. Bandura, M Shafer, N R. Kitchen, J J. Camberato, P R. Carter, R B. Ferguson, F G. Fernandez, D W. Franzen, C.A.M. Laboski, D B. Myers, E D. Nafziger, J E. Sawyer, J F. Shanahan

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Improving corn (Zea mays L.) N management is pertinent to economic and environmental objectives. However, there are limited comprehensive data sources to develop and test N fertilizer decision aid tools across a wide geographic range of soil and weather scenarios. Therefore, a public-industry partnership was formed to conduct standardized corn N rate response field studies throughout the U.S. Midwest. This research was conducted using a standardized protocol at 49 site-years across eight states over the 2014 to 2016 growing seasons with many soil, plant, and weather related measurements. This note provides the data (found in supplemental files), outlines the data, …

Farm Life In The Asset Economy: First-Generation Farmers And The Agrarian Question, Elizabeth Pickard

Theses - ALL

A massive transition of land ownership is currently underway in the U.S. as an increasing proportion of farmers near retirement age with no successor in place. The question of who will replace them has come to the fore as policy makers and food justice activists alike contemplate a shift to a more equitable and ecologically sustainable food system. Embracing a "beginning farmer theory of change," some scholars have called for an increase in the number of first-generation farmers to account for the labor- and knowledge-intensive methods required for agroecological production. Others have brought attention to the historical and ongoing racial, …

Soil Greenhouse Gas Responses To Biomass Removal In The Annual And Perennial Cropping Phases Of An Integrated Crop Livestock System, Elizabeth Christenson, Virginia L. Jin, Marty R. Schmer, Robert B. Mitchell, Daren D. Redfearn

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Diversifying agronomic production systems by combining crops and livestock (i.e., Integrated Crop Livestock systems; ICL) may help mitigate the environmental impacts of intensive single-commodity production. In addition, harvesting row-crop residues and/or perennial biomass could increase the multi-functionality of ICL systems as a potential source for second-generation bioenergy feedstock. Here, we evaluated non-CO2 soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from both row-crop and perennial grass phases of a field-scale model ICL system established on marginally productive, poorly drained cropland in the western US Corn Belt. Soil emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4 ) were measured during the 2017–2019 growing seasons …

Lessons To Be Learned In Adoption Of Autonomous Equipment For Field Crops, James Lowenberg-Deboer, Karl Behrendt, Melf-Hinrich Ehlers, Carl R. Dillon, Andreas Gabriel, Iona Yuelu Huang, Ian Kumwenda, Tyler Mark, Andreas Meyer-Aurich, Gabor Milics, Kehinde Oluseyi Olagunju, Søren Marcus Pedersen, Jordan M. Shockley, David Rose

Agricultural Economics Faculty Publications

Autonomous equipment for crop production is on the verge of technical and economic feasibility, but government regulation may slow its adoption. Key regulatory issues include requirements for on-site human supervision, liability for autonomous machine error, and intellectual property in robotic learning. As an example of the impact of regulation on the economic benefits of autonomous crop equipment, analysis from the United Kingdom suggests that requiring 100% on-site human supervision almost wipes out the economic benefits of autonomous crop equipment for small and medium farms and increases the economies-of-scale advantage of larger farms.

Effect Of Forage Management Strategies And Land Use Change On Nitrogen Budget And Soil Health Parameters In Pasture Systems, Yili Meng

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Pastures produce hay for livestock, and they conserve soil, water, and air resources. However, high nitrogen (N) fertilizer demands in pasture production have significant implication on greenhouse gas emission and environmental pollution. Appropriate forage management strategies can reduce environmental N loss and improve soil health, to enhance the long-term pasture productivity. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the effects of management strategies on N budgets and soil health parameters in subtropical pastures. Both field and laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of N stabilizers including urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor on pasture yield, greenhouse gas emission, …

Conservation Agriculture For Food Security And Climate Resilience In Nepal, Deepak R. Joshi, Rajan Ghimire, Tulsi Kharel, Umakant Mishrra, Sharon A. Clay

Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications

Achieving the sustainable development goals of the United Nations requires innovations in agriculture and development of climate-smart and economically feasible approaches for smallholder farmers in developing countries. Historical climate data of Nepal, which include 116 yr since 1901, has shown an increasing trend for average temperature by 0.016 ˚C yr–1 whereas precipitation has shown a decreasing trend by 0.137 mm yr–1. Such weather trends could enhance glacier melt associated flooding, and delayed monsoon rainfalls negatively impacting the agricultural production. The Nepalese government is promoting conservation agriculture (CA) through development of low-cost technologies that can be used effectively in difficult terrains. …

Archipelago On Lockdown: An Assessment Of The Effects Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Philippines’ Micro, Small, And Medium Enterprises (Msmes) Across The Food Value Chain, Remund Jordan D. Labios, Dinah Pura T. Depositario, Nohreen Ethel P. Manipol, Renen Szillardo C. De Guzman, Dia Noelle F. Velasco

Journal of Economics, Management and Agricultural Development

The paper examined the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the Philippines’ MSMEs across the food value chain and the strategies that food-based MSMEs employed to cope with disruptions. A food value chain framework was used to
analyze the food-based MSMEs, focusing on the input and service provision, production/farming, processing, transport and storage, retailing, and consumption. Results revealed the following: (1) different quarantine protocols across provincial and local boundaries contributed to the complexity of transporting inputs and products; (2) limited mobility of manpower contributed to the challenges of continuing business operations; (3) there was an observed increase in new financing programs …

An Assessment Of Swine Industry In The Philippines, Christian Paul L. Fang, Cenon D. Elca

Journal of Economics, Management and Agricultural Development

This paper assessed the performance of swine industry in the Philippines by synthesizing secondary data from 1990 to 2020. Inefficiencies in major swine value chain segments were identified. The factors affecting swine production and pork consumption were determined using multiple regression analysis. The bottlenecks found along the chain are yellow corn supply deficit, fragmented structures of yellow corn and backyard farms, high disease susceptibility of backyard farms, and compromised meat quality produced from private slaughterhouses. The own price, inventory, and slaughtered animals have significant direct effects on swine production. The retail price of pork and income have significant direct influences …

The Applicability, Efficacy And Risks Of Natural Sequence Farming In The Dryland Agricultural Zone Of South West Western Australia, Nik Callow, Rose Anne Bell

Natural resources commissioned reports

Natural sequence farming (NSF) is an approach to restoring degraded agricultural land, developed by Peter Andrews on his property Tarwyn Park in New South Wales. The approach aims to rehydrate the landscape by slowing the movement of water with a series of structures and then using this water to drive plant growth and improve soil function.

The Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development engaged the University of Western Australia to review the applicability, efficacy and risks associated with using NSF principles and practices in the south-west dryland agricultural zone in Western Australia. The review has combined information from the …

Establishment Of Pollinator Habitat Within A Livestock Pasture Ecosystem, Roshani Sharma Acharya

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Pollinators are important for fertilization, setting fruits, and seed development of more than 78% of the flowering plants that provide food for human beings and other species. Use of pollinators to maximize crop production is a proven agricultural practice; however, it has been less explored in livestock forage production systems. This study investigated pollinator abundance and diversity in pastures using different sampling methods and determined the impact of different pasture management practices on insect pollinators in a livestock pasture ecosystem. In Chapter 2, utility of four different colors of pan trap (blue, green, yellow, and purple) for sampling bees in …

Nebline, July 2021

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Smart Techniques Conserve Water in Your Yard

Building a Healthy Community: What Lincolnites Say

Recipe of the Month

Saving and Sing and Storing Garden Seeds

Garden Guide: Things to Do This Month

Naturally Occurring Elements in Groundwater: Last in a Series - Uranium

UNL East Campus Discovery Days

Nebraska 4rs Nutrient Stewardship Field Day

Ants in the Home & Landscape

Lawn Care and Young Children: Creating a Safe and Fun Place to Play

Heart of 4-H Volunteer Award: Marti Thomson

Summer Programming 4-H Interns

4-H Announcements for 4H'ers and Volunteers

Extension News

Extension Calendar

Louisiana Agriculture Summer, 2021, Lsu Agcenter

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

Research Note: Fate And Dissemination Of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Reading In Turkeys At Processing Using An Oral Gavage Challenge Model, A. M. Ashcraft, M. E. Coles, L. C. Beer, B.D.M. Graham, G. Tellez-Isaias, B. Wooming, B. M. Hargis

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study aimed to evaluate the fate and dissemination of Salmonella Reading (SR) in turkeys using an oral gavage challenge model. One hundred twenty-eight-week-old commercial turkey hens were moved from commercial production to research facilities. Upon arrival, a combination of enrofloxacin, 10 mg/kg, and florfenicol, 20 mg/kg, were orally administered sequentially before comingled placement on fresh pine shavings. Turkeys were challenged with 10⁸ cfu SR by oral gavage on d 4 and 7 postplacement. Subsets were subjected to simulated commercial processing on d 14 (n= 40), 21 (n= 40) and 28 (n= 32) postplacement (corresponding to 10, …

Are Rice Markets In Bangladesh Efficiently Pricing Rice Based On Quality? An Empirical Assessment, Indrani Saha

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Rice is an important staple for more than half of the world’s population and is the main staple in Bangladesh, accounting for 65 percent to 70 percent of the daily calorie intake. The importance of rice consumption and the high level of food insecurity in Bangladesh highlights the importance of having markets that efficiently price rice according to consumer preferences. This study aims to assess how effectively rice prices in Bangladesh are reflective of rice quality. More specifically, we estimate how the rice market is currently pricing selected rice quality attributes, such as broken percentage, chalk percentage, kernel size and …

Species-Specific Responses To Restoration Interventions In A Tamaulipan Thornforest, Faeqa Mohsin, Mylen A. Arias, Clifton Albrecht, Kimberly Wahl-Villarreal, Alejandro Fierro-Cabo, Bradley O. Christoffersen

School of Integrative Biological & Chemical Sciences Faculty Publications

In the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) of south Texas, native thornscrub forest restoration has been ongoing for the past four decades, yet few assessments of their efficacy exist, and no study has yet quantified species-specific responses. Seedling transplantation in conjunction one or more restoration interventions (RIs) remains the method of choice at most sites, and thus the initial months following transplantation, when seedlings are especially vulnerable to drought and animal damage, are a critical time for determining restoration success. To this end, we evaluated the survival, growth, and animal damage of 3600 native seedlings of 24 thornforest species in …

Analysis Of Genomes Of Bacterial Isolates From Lameness Outbreaks In Broilers, N. S. Ekesi, Beata Dolka, Adnan A.K. Alrubaye, Douglas D. Rhoads

Cell and Molecular Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

We investigated lameness outbreaks at 3 commercial broiler farms in Arkansas. We isolated several distinct bacterial species from Bacterial Chondronecrosis with Osteomyelitis (BCO) lesions from these 3 farms. The results show that BCO-lameness pathogens on particular farms can differ significantly. We characterized genomes for isolates of the 2 most prevalent species, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Genomes assembled for E. coli isolates from all 3 farms were quite different between farms, and most similar to genomes from different geographical locations and hosts. The E. coli phylogenomics suggests frequent host shifts for this species. Genomes for S. aureus …

Quantification And Repeated Measurements Of Conformation Traits In Replacement Females To Optimize Sow Longevity, Melanie D. Trenhaile Grannemann

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The objectives were to 1) assess the reliability of objective conformation trait measurements between evaluators, 2) evaluate effects of dietary energy and lysine during development and housing system during first gestation on longevity, reproductive performance, and conformation, 3) characterize conformation changes throughout life, 4) identify phenotypic associations between conformation and longevity, 5) estimate heritability of conformation traits, and 6) assess genetic relationships between conformation traits measured throughout life in sows. Sows (n = 622) were fed a standard, energy restricted, or standard energy with increased lysine diet during gilt development and housed in either a group pen or stall …

The Effect Of Heat Stress And Beta-Adrenergic Agonists On Fatty Acid Mobilization And Their Individual And Interacting Impact On The Adipose Transcriptome Of Ruminant Livestock, Rachel R. Reith

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Heat stress reduces livestock efficiency, induces inflammation, and alters adipose tissue metabolism through stress-induced epinephrine acting on beta-adrenoreceptors (β-AR). Supplementation of beta-adrenergic agonists (β-AA) improve livestock growth and carcass traits, also by acting on β-AR located in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. The binding of β-AR in adipose tissue results in changes in adipose tissue metabolism including increased lipolysis and decreased fatty acid synthesis. Due to their similar effects on stress response pathways, the possible interaction of heat stress and β-AA could negatively impact animal well-being. The purpose of the first study was to understand how ractopamine (RAC), a beta-one …

Hypoxia Further Exacerbates Woody Breast Myopathy In Broilers Via Alteration Of Satellite Cell Fate, Nima K. Emami, Reagan N. Cauble, Ahmed E. Dhamad, Elizabeth S. Greene, Cynthia S. Coy, Sara Orlowski, Nicholas Anthony, Mike R. Bedford, Sami Dridi

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Woody breast (WB) condition has created a variety of challenges for the global poultry industry. To date, there are no effective treatments or preventative measures due to its unknown (undefined) etiology. Several potential mechanisms including oxidative stress, fiber-type switching, cellular damage, and altered intracellular calcium levels have been proposed to play a key role in the progression of the WB myopathy. In a previous study, we have shown that WB is associated with hypoxia-like status and dysregulated oxygen homeostasis. As satellite cells (SC) play a pivotal role in muscle fiber repair and remodeling under stress conditions, …