Mining Engineering Commons^™

Remote Sensing And Gis Based Approach To Evaluate The Impact Of Stone Quarrying And Crushing Activities On Land Resources, R. S. Chaurasia, S. N. Mohapatra

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The land is one of the most treasures to support life, like food, fibre, medicine, and minerals, etc. Stone quarrying is one of the key elements which supports socio-economic development and industrial expansion. RS and GIS play an important role in environmental assessment to monitor the stone quarries and related activities for time to time. The present study was carried out to evaluate the impact of stone quarrying and crushing activities (SQCA) on land resources. Therefore, matrix change analysis of 2021, 2015, 2008 and 2003 were used for change detection. High-resolution Google Earth Pro images were used for the assessment …

Predictive Model Of Seismic Vibrations’ Peak Value Induced By Multi-Face Blasting, Krzysztof Fuławka, Lech Stolecki, Piotr Mertuszka, Marcin Szumny, Arkadiusz Anderko

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The seismicity level induced by blasting in the Polish copper mines is very important inlight of the efficiency of active rockburst prevention and safe conduct of blasting operations in the vicinity of the mining infrastructure such as shafts, workings, or function chambers (e.g., workshops, storages, etc.). Knowledge of the seismic vibrations’ peak value might be the basis for designing blasting works in a way that ensures desired seismic effect. However, current experiences show that Peak Particle Velocity prediction models developed so far do not apply to multi-face blasting, where there are many vibrations’ sources at the same time dotted across …

Managing The Rock Mass Destruction Under The Explosion, Maksym Kononenko, Oleh Khomenko, Ivan Sadovenko, Valeriy Sobolev, Yuliya Pazynich, Adam Smoliński

Journal of Sustainable Mining

Using the theory of elasticity and the main provisions of the quasi-static-wave hypothesis of the mechanism of the destruction of a solid medium under the action of an explosion, analytical modelling of the parameters of the formation of crumpling zones and crushing of the rock mass around the charging cavity during its explosive loading was carried out. Analytical models of the radii of the crumpling, intensive fragmentation and fracturing zones formed around the charging cavity in the rock mass during its explosive loading, taking into account the pressure of the explosion products, the limit of tensile-compressive strength of the rocks, …

Application Geological Strength Index (Gsi) Quantification Method On The Characterization Of Carbonate Rock Mass, Singgih Saptono, Danu Mirza Rezky

Journal of Sustainable Mining

Determining GSI as a representation of the presence of rock mass in slope analysis continues to develop. The development of the quantitative GSI method was carried out because the basic (qualitative) GSI values were deemed too subjective so the results from the use of the quantitative GSIwere expected to be more objective and accurate. The method used is to combine 3 GSI quantitative methods to find GSI based on surface conditions and joint structure. The results showed that the Quantitative GSI value was smaller than the GSI predictive value (qualitative). The GSI approach with RQD and UCS parameters is also …

Effect Of Shock Tunnel Geometry On Shockwave And Vortex Ring Formation, Propagation, And Head On Collision, Rachel L. Bauer, Emily M. Johnson, Alexander D. Douglas, Catherine E. Johnson

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Vortex ring research primarily focuses on the formation from circular openings. Consequently, the role of tunnel geometry is less understood, despite there being numerous research studies using noncircular shock tunnels. This experimental study investigated shockwaves and vortex rings from different geometry shock tunnels from formation at the tunnel opening to head on collision with another similarly formed vortex ring using schlieren imaging and statistical analysis. The velocity of the incident shockwave was found to be consistent across all four shock tunnel geometries, which include circle, hexagon, square, and triangle of the same cross-sectional area. The velocity was 1.2 ± 0.007 …

Children First: Women’S Perspectives On Evacuation At Fuego Volcano And Implications For Disaster Risk Reduction, Beth A. Bartel, Ailsa K. Naismith

Michigan Tech Publications

As major drivers of behavior during crisis, cultural norms influence how disasters differentially affect people of different genders. Cultural gender norms also impact how authorities and at-risk populations approach disaster risk reduction strategies. At Fuego volcano, Guatemala, we applied qualitative methods to investigate women’s experiences of the evacuation process after a paroxysmal eruption on 7–8 March 2022. While participants’ experiences and decisions varied, we identified how gender influences evacuation dynamics within communities at Fuego volcano, including who evacuates and who decides at the community and household levels. We find that communities prioritized women for evacuation with the children and elderly …

Nickel Recovery From Low-Grade Laterites: Study Of Thermal Pre-Treatments To Improve The Efficiency Of The Hydrometallurgical Process, Johana Borda, Robinson Torres

Journal of Sustainable Mining

The processing of lower-grade laterites to obtain nickel has increased due to the gradual depletion of higher-grade sulphide ore reserves. However, the extraction from laterites has been limited because conventional technologies imply a considerable expense of energy or reagents. In this document, the effect of thermal pre-treatments on a laterite sample is demonstrated to improve nickel leaching under moderate conditions. The influence of agents such as coke, coal and NaCl in the heat treatment was also studied. With the results it is presumed that part of the nickel occluded in the goethite migrates to the iron oxides surface during the …

European Feedback On Post-Mining Seismicity, Isabelle Contrucci, Dalija Namjesnik, Peter Niemz, Paloma Primo, Andrzej Kotyrba, Grzegorz Mutke, Petr Konicek, Pascal Dominique, Tobias Rudolph, Stefan Möllerherm, Jannes Kinscher, Emmanuelle Klein, Simone Cesca

Journal of Sustainable Mining

Following the Paris Agreement adopted in 2015, Europe has committed to reducing its greenhouse gas emissions. In this context, the abandonment of coal as an energy source, both in terms of consumption and production, will lead to the closure of many mines in the years to come.

Mine closure guidelines to manage residual mining risks already exist in European countries. However, they do not include post-mining seismic risk management due to a lack of sufficient studies and knowledge on this subject. After mining closure, the flooding of the mining works leads to hydromechanical loading of the underground and, in the …

Change Detection Of Open-Pit Mines Based On Fm-Unet++ And Gf-2 Satellite Images, Du Shouhang, Li Wei, Xing Jianghe, Zhang Chengye, She Changchao, Wang Shaoyu, Li Jun

Coal Geology & Exploration

Automatic extraction of land use change information in open-pit mines using the remote sensing and deep learning technology is of great significance for the mining monitoring and ecological environmental protection. A novel deep learning model FM-UNet++ was constructed for the change of land use types in complex and heterogeneous mining scenarios, and the automatic change detection of open-pit mines was achieved using the Gaofen-2 (GF-2) satellite images. Firstly, the change detection dataset of open-pit mine was produced through data surveys and visual interpretation, which was augmented by data enhancement. Secondly, the FM-UNet++ for open-pit mine change detection was constructed by …

Underground Coal Gasification Field Tests In China: History And Prospects, Qin Yong, Yi Tongsheng, Yang Lei, Zhou Yongfeng, Wang Jun, Wang Lingxia

Coal Geology & Exploration

To achieve peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality in China, a low-carbon and efficient coal energy structure is essential for the sustainable energy development of China. Underground coal gasification (UCG) is an important strategy for transforming the coal energy structure in China. Based on the review of previous literature, this study analyzes the exploration history of the UCG field tests in China and delivers the prospects of UCG industrialization in China. The analytical results show that the development and field tests of UCG technologies in China have experienced five stages, namely the initial attempt, silence/recovery, extensive explorations, making technological …

Construction And Engineering Applications Of Block Model For Coal Seam Value Considering The Variations In Coal Seam Thickness And Quality, Liu Feiyue, Yang Ke, Yang Tianhong, Kan Lei, Fu Kai

Coal Geology & Exploration

The variations in coal seam thickness and coal quality parameters (i.e., calorific value, volatile matter, ash content, and sulfur content) determine the spatial distribution of coal prices. The accurate characterization of coal seams’ economic value plays an important role in the rational mining and utilization of coal resources. This study first determined that the geological attributes of coal seams including their thickness and coal quality are regional variables. Based on this, this study discretized geological bodies in the study area using a block model. Then, using a geostatistical method, this study obtained the experimental semivariograms of coal seam thickness and …

Applicability Evaluation Technology Of Perforating Parameters In Different Reservoirs, Bi Gang, Wu Jiemin, Yang Shangyu, Li Mengmeng, Han Fei, Wang Xin, Cui Ying

Coal Geology & Exploration

Perforating parameters have an important impact on the productivity of oil and gas wells. Currently, the optimization of perforating parameters is mostly based on single factor analysis, with no multi-factor comprehensive evaluation analysis performed. In this paper, the finite element simulation method was used to analyze and study the influence law of perforating parameters on wellhead flow under different reservoir conditions. Firstly, a geometric model of pressure drop in reservoir with perforation completion was established to simulate the fluid flow after perforation. In this way, the influence laws of perforating parameters, anisotropy parameters and natural fracture parameters on the pressure …

Construction And Restoration Technology Of Terrain Remodeling Layer In The Restoration Of Ecological Geological Layer In Open-Pit Mining Areas, Zhao Xin, Wang Tong, Li Congcong, Lin Zhongyue, Li Fei, Wang Weichao, Feng Kangning, Yin Yalei, Jiang Zhe

Coal Geology & Exploration

Mining can easily result in a series of change in the geomorphic form, such as irregular mining pits, high and steep slopes, slag hills, primitive soil failure and accumulated water in mining pits in the plateau and alpine mining area, which is in disharmony with the surrounding environment. Such changes of geomorphic form will not only adversely affect the surface ecological environment, but also bring different degrees of influence and damage to the shallow groundwater seepage field and the permafrost. In particular, the geological hazards and disasters such as landslides and collapses may even be resulted in. In response to …

Uav Aerial Triangulation: Point Error Distributions And The Influencing Mechanisms Of Ground Control Points On Its Accuracy, Zha Jianfeng, Zhu Pengcheng, Wu Dejun, Ma Chenyang, Zhong Chongwu, Yin Hongwu, Wang Dong

Coal Geology & Exploration

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been an important means of monitoring the surface deformation in mining areas since they are flexible, are insensitive to weather, and can swiftly acquire images of target areas. However, there is an urgent need to improve UAV-based measurement accuracy. Based on a systematic analysis of factors affecting the accuracy of surface measurement points, this study focuses on the influence of the quality of ground control points on the point error distribution and accuracy of aerial triangulation. Firstly, through a large number of repeated observations and experiments, this study investigated the error distributions of the planar …

Research Advances On The Techno-Economic Evaluation Of Ucg Projects, Yi Tongsheng, Qin Yong, Zhou Yongfeng, Wang Lingxia, Jin Jun, Zhou Ze

Coal Geology & Exploration

Underground coal gasification (UCG) is driven by China's development strategy for a clean and efficient coal energy structure. Its industrialization prospect depends on the economic and social benefits of UCG projects. Against this background, this study reviews the research advances on the economic evaluation of UCG projects at home and abroad and summarizes the current insights into the economic competitiveness of UCG projects. Through case analysis, it presents a basic model for the economic evaluation of the UCG-combined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT) - carbon capture and storage (UCG-CCGT-CCS) system and the main understanding of the model. Furthermore, this study discusses the …

Ucg Industrialization In The Soviet Union: History And Comments, Kong Weimin, Zhou Yongfeng, Yi Tongsheng, Li Ping, Qin Yong, Zhou Ze

Coal Geology & Exploration

China's energy resources are originally poor in oil and gas but rich in coal. The industrialization of underground coal gasification (UCG) technologies, which is an important way of achieving a low-carbon and efficient coal energy structure in China, contributes to the smooth achievement of the peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality in China. This study reviews the history of the field tests and industrialization of UCG technologies in the Soviet Union by systematically referencing and sorting literature, aiming to provide a reference for the present development and industrialization of UCG technologies in China. The results show that the development …

Ucg Pilot Tests In The United States And Their Contributions To Modern Ucg Technologies, Huang Wan, Wang Jun, Wang Lingxia, Yi Tongsheng, Chen Kexin, Qin Yong

Coal Geology & Exploration

The industrialization of underground coal gasification (UCG), which is conducive to the transformation and development of the coal energy structure and the improvement in the low-carbon utilization level of coal resources, is an environmentally friendly energy development technology in line with the sustainable development strategy. The international energy crisis from the 1980s to the 1990s prompted the United States to vigorously develop UCG technologies. Accordingly, this country has successively carried out six series of UCG pilot tests, which contribute greatly to the progress in UCG technologies and provided the critical foundation for the formation of modern UCG technologies worldwide. This …

Ucg Pilot Tests In Eu Countries: A Review Of History And Progress, Jin Lili, Yang Lei, Wu Yarong, Wang Xiaofang, Yi Tongsheng, Qin Yong

Coal Geology & Exploration

Underground coal gasification (UCG) is an important way of transforming China’s coal energy structure. European Union (EU) countries explored UCG for over 80 years, and their rich experience can be used as a reference for promoting UCG industrialization in China. The UK prepared for UCG pilot tests for the first time in the world. From 1944 to 2014, based on the experience of the former Soviet Union and the United States, EU countries successively implemented at least 12 UCG pilot test projects in three stages, making important contributions to the progress in UCG technologies. They invented the blind-hole method and …

Ucg Engineering Demonstrations In Australia: History And Its Implications, Zhou Ze, Wang Lingxia, Qin Yong, Jin Jun, Yang Lei, Yi Tongsheng

Coal Geology & Exploration

Underground coal gasification (UCG), which is a revolutionary coal mining technology, is an important direction for achieving a low-carbon and efficient coal energy structure in China and is also a potential explorable way to ensure the smooth realization of the peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality in China. Based on a literature survey, this study sorts out the exploration process of UCG technologies in Australia and analyzes the gains and losses using field test cases. The experience in UCG technologies in Australia can provide a reference for the development of the technologies in China. The results show that the …

A New Type Of Ordovician Limestone Karst Water Inrush From The Floor Of Old Goaf: Formation Mechanism And The Prevention And Control Technology, Zhou Shuai, Li Shuqian, Yin Shangxian, Liang Manyu, Meng Haopeng, Qi Rongrong, Li Yuanyuan

Coal Geology & Exploration

The Ordovician limestone water inrush accident occurred in the small coal-pit area in Xin’an Mine of Hebei Fengfeng mining area on October 25^th, which resulted in the production level being flooded, with the coal mine shut-down. Specifically, the accident cause was analyzed, and the concept of Ordovician limestone karst water inrush from the floor of old goaf was proposed, with its difference from the connotation and denotation of water inrush from the old goaf or floor water inrush accidents induced by mining summarized. Then, the water inrush mechanism based on the dynamic evolution of stored energy release from …