Contested Landscapes, Disputed Realities: An Investigation Of Socio-Environmental Conflict From Mining In Northern Ecuador: An Honors Thesis,
2021
Clark University
Contested Landscapes, Disputed Realities: An Investigation Of Socio-Environmental Conflict From Mining In Northern Ecuador: An Honors Thesis, Ian F. Hirons
Student Works
For decades, Ecuador has been one of the preeminent petrostates in South America. However, in response to recent drops in global demand and pricing for oil products, the country has made serious commitments to further develop its mineral resources. By opening a new natural resource sector, Ecuador has firmly cemented itself as a primarily extractivist nation. In the process, the national government has frequently come into conflict with activist and community groups who protest the encroachment of extractive industry. This thesis explores the various dimensions of socio-environmental conflict created by large-scale mining projects in northern Ecuador with specific attention to …
Effect Of Synergistic Aging On Bauxite Residue Dust Reduction Performance Via The Application Of Colloids, An Orthogonal Design‐Based Study,
2021
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Effect Of Synergistic Aging On Bauxite Residue Dust Reduction Performance Via The Application Of Colloids, An Orthogonal Design‐Based Study, Xuhan Ding, Guang Xu, Dengfei Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Tao Wang
Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The application of polymer colloids is a promising approach for bauxite residue dust pollution control. However, due to the existence of synergistic aging, the efficiency of colloid dynamic viscosity to predict the dust control performance of bauxite residue is unclear. Previous studies were also rarely performed under synergistic aging conditions. Thus, this paper investigates the relationship between colloids' viscosity and dust control performance under synergistic aging modes. Results illustrated that the binary colloid achieved better dust control performance than unitary colloid for their higher viscosity and penetration resistance. For both unitary and binary colloid, higher viscosity results in better crust …
Natural Molybdenite-And Tyrosinase-Based Amperometric Catechol Biosensor Using Acridine Orange As A Glue, Anchor, And Stabilizer For The Adsorbed Tyrosinase,
2021
Missouri University of Science and Technology
Natural Molybdenite-And Tyrosinase-Based Amperometric Catechol Biosensor Using Acridine Orange As A Glue, Anchor, And Stabilizer For The Adsorbed Tyrosinase, Yan Zhang, Yue Wang, Zhiqiang Zhang, Ahmed Sobhy, Susumu Sato, Masaya Uchida, Yasushi Hasebe
Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
To develop a natural mineral-based electrochemical enzyme biosensor, natural molybdenite (MLN), tyrosinase (TYR), and acridine orange (AO) were coadsorbed onto a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The developed TYR/AO/MLN-GCE-based amperometric TYR biosensor exhibited excellent performance for highly sensitive determination of catechol (linear range, 0.1-80 μM; sensitivity, 0.0315 μA/μM; LOD, 0.029 μM; response time, <4 >s) with good reproducibility and good operational and storage stabilities. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) revealed interesting roles of AO: (1) an efficient glue for enhancing the amount of the adsorbed TYR on the MLN-GCE, (2) an anchor for efficient orientation …
Giant Power Density Produced By Pin-Pmn-Pt Ferroelectric Single Crystals Due To A Pressure Induced Polar-To-Nonpolar Phase Transformation,
2021
Missouri Universitiy of Science and Technology
Giant Power Density Produced By Pin-Pmn-Pt Ferroelectric Single Crystals Due To A Pressure Induced Polar-To-Nonpolar Phase Transformation, Sergey I. Shkuratov, Jason Baird, Vladimir G. Antipov, Christopher S. Lynch, Shujun Zhang, Jay B. Chase, Hwan R. Jo
Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The search for ferroelectric materials capable of producing high electric charge and power densities is important for developing a new generation of autonomous ferroelectric megawatt power supplies and ultrahigh-power-density ferroelectric energy storage devices. Here we report the results of experimental investigations of the mechanism for stress-induced depolarization of adiabatically compressing rhombohedral Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PIN-PMN-PT) single crystals. The important finding is that the geometric dimensions of PIN-PMN-PT crystals and the direction of adiabatic compression relative to the crystallographic orientation have significant impacts on the depolarization dynamics and the generated charge density. Based on the analysis of experimental results, we conclude that a …
Potentials Of Airborne Hyperspectral Aviris-Ng Data In The Exploration Of Base Metal Deposit—A Study In The Parts Of Bhilwara, Rajasthan,
2021
Indian Space Research Organization
Potentials Of Airborne Hyperspectral Aviris-Ng Data In The Exploration Of Base Metal Deposit—A Study In The Parts Of Bhilwara, Rajasthan, Arindam Guha, Uday Kumar Ghosh, Joyasree Sinha, Amin Beiranvand Pour, Ratnakar Bhaisal, Snehamoy Chatterjee, Nikhil Kumar Baranval, Nisha Rani, K. Vinod Kumar, Pamaraju V.N. Rao
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1
In this study, we have processed the spectral bands of airborne hyperspectral data of Advanced Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer-Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG) data for delineating the surface signatures associated with the base metal mineralization in the Pur-Banera area in the Bhilwara district, Rajasthan, India.The primaryhost rocks of the Cu, Pb, Zn mineralization in the area are Banded Magnetite Quartzite (BMQ), unclassified calcareous silicates, and quartzite. We used ratio images derived from the scale and root mean squares (RMS) error imagesusing the multi-range spectral feature fitting (MRSFF) methodto delineate host rocks from the AVIRIS-NG image. The False Color Composites (FCCs) of different …
Global Health Effects Of Future Atmospheric Mercury Emissions,
2021
Nanjing University
Global Health Effects Of Future Atmospheric Mercury Emissions, Yanxu Zhang, Zhengcheng Song, Shaojian Huang, Peng Zhang, Yiming Peng, Peipei Wu, Jing Gu, Stephanie Dutkiewicz, Huanxin Zhang, Shiliang Wu, Feiyue Wang, Long Chen, Shuxiao Wang, Ping Li
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1
Mercury is a potent neurotoxin that poses health risks to the global population. Anthropogenic mercury emissions to the atmosphere are projected to decrease in the future due to enhanced policy efforts such as the Minamata Convention, a legally-binding international treaty entered into force in 2017. Here, we report the development of a comprehensive climate-atmosphere-land-ocean-ecosystem and exposure-risk model framework for mercury and its application to project the health effects of future atmospheric emissions. Our results show that the accumulated health effects associated with mercury exposure during 2010–2050 are $19 (95% confidence interval: 4.7–54) trillion (2020 USD) realized to 2050 (3% discount …
Characterizing The Dormancy And Repair Of A Circumneutral Passive Remediation System Receiving Iron And Sulfate-Rich Amd,
2021
Duquesne University
Characterizing The Dormancy And Repair Of A Circumneutral Passive Remediation System Receiving Iron And Sulfate-Rich Amd, Garrett Struble
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The Wingfield Pines remediation system is a ~20-acre circumneutral, gravity-fed system constructed in 2009 to passively remediate Fe from an ~2000 gallon/minute effluent. In 2017, a fracture to the system’s underground cavern caused the AMD effluent to bypass the system, flowing directly into Chartiers Creek and leaving the system decommissioned between 2017-2019. Soil slurry and water samples were collected in the weeks prior to the system’s reinstalment in September 2019 through January 2020 in order to determine the effect of the repair on remediation efficiency and microbial community composition. This study acted as the first to describe the temporary decommissioning …
Modeling Hydraulic Fracturing Initiation And Propagation In Porous Rock Formationsl,
2021
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Modeling Hydraulic Fracturing Initiation And Propagation In Porous Rock Formationsl, Chang Huang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Hydraulic fracturing has long been introduced to the oil and gas industry since the early nineteenth century for both reservoir characterization and reservoir stimulation. Despite the progress made in the last two decades, many challenges still have not been tackled regarding not only the propagation problem but also the initiation problem due to its complexity. The dissertation is divided into two stages, i.e., before and after fracture initiation. The first stage of the research aimed at improving the accuracy in solving the poro-mechanical response of wellbore during fluid injection before a tensile fracture occurs, which is crucial to determine the …
Application Of Eh-Ph Diagrams On Acid Leaching Systems For The Recovery Of Rees From Bastnaesite, Monazite And Xenotime,
2021
University of Kentucky
Application Of Eh-Ph Diagrams On Acid Leaching Systems For The Recovery Of Rees From Bastnaesite, Monazite And Xenotime, Peijia Lin, Xinbo Yang, Joshua M. Werner, Rick Q. Honaker
Mining Engineering Faculty Publications
Bastnaesite, monazite and xenotime are rare earth minerals (REMs) that are typical sources for rare earth elements (REEs). To advance the understanding of their leaching and precipitation behavior in different hydrometallurgical processes, Eh-pH diagrams were constructed and modified using the HSC 9.9 software. The aqueous stability of rare earth elements in H2O and acid leaching systems, i.e., the REE-Ligands-H2O systems, were depicted and studied based on the Eh-pH diagrams. This study considers the most relevant lixiviants, their resulting equilibrium states and the importance in the hydrometallurgical recovery of rare earth elements (REMs). A literature review was …
Table Of Contents,
2021
China Coal Technology and Engineering Group (CCTEG)
Progress Of Coal Fines Agglomeration And Settlement Mechanism Based On High Efficiency Coalbed Methane Drainage,
2021
College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
Progress Of Coal Fines Agglomeration And Settlement Mechanism Based On High Efficiency Coalbed Methane Drainage, Li Yong, Han Wenlong, Wang Yanbin, Meng Shangzhi, Wu Xiang, Wang Zhuangsen, Ma Zhentao, Liu Du, Zhao Shihu
Coal Geology & Exploration
Significant low-yield and inefficient wells seriously hinder the development of China’s coalbed methane (CBM) industry, and the coal fractures and production pipes blocking caused by the coal fines settlement are the key influencing factors. This paper systematically investigates the latest research progress in the composition, generation mechanism, suspension transport and output control of coal fines produced by coalbed methane wells at home and abroad, summarizes the control mechanism and key issues of coal fines agglomeration-settlement and dispersion behavior, and proposes research prospects. The coal fines problem accompanies the entire process of CBM exploration and development, involving all aspects of geological …
Causes For Low Cbm Production Of Vertical Wells And Efficient Development Technology In Northern Zhengzhuang Block In Qinshui Basin,
2021
CBM Branch Company, Huabei Oilfield of PetroChina, Changzhi 046000, China
Causes For Low Cbm Production Of Vertical Wells And Efficient Development Technology In Northern Zhengzhuang Block In Qinshui Basin, Jia Huimin, Hu Qiujia, Fan Bin, Mao Chonghao, Zhang Qing
Coal Geology & Exploration
In order to realize the efficient development of deep CBM in the north of Zhengzhuang block in Qinshui Basin, firstly, the geological conditions and development data of coal reservoir are deeply analyzed, and the development data of shallow CBM are compared. Secondly, based on the evaluation of gas content, the difficulty of coalbed methane recovery is evaluated by comprehensive evaluation of reservoir permeability, reservoir-desorption pressure difference, coal structure and in-situ stress state-Finally, the reasons for low production of CBM wells in the northern Zhengzhuang Block are clarified, and the adaptive technology for efficient development is put forward. The results show …
The Enrichment And High Yield Law Of Cbm In Yanjiao Syncline In Zhijin Block, Guizhou Province,
2021
East China Oil & Gas Company, SINOPEC, Nanjing 210011, China
The Enrichment And High Yield Law Of Cbm In Yanjiao Syncline In Zhijin Block, Guizhou Province, Guo Tao
Coal Geology & Exploration
In view of the problems such as the large number of coal seams, the thin single layer, the complex structure, much mylonite coal and hard to evaluate favorable area in southern China, this paper makes use of the exploration achievements and tests data of Zhijin Block to study the reservoir-forming conditions of multiple coal seam CBM. The results show that the enrichment and high yield CBM in south China is characterized by “sedimentation storage-control, preservation gas-control, geostress coal structure control production”. The thickness, number and quality of coal are controlled by sedimentation, which determines the resource base of coal bed …
Practice Of Enhanced Gas Extraction By Staged Fracturing With Comb-Shaped Long Hole In Coal Mine Roof,
2021
Xi'an Research Institute Co. Ltd., China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp., Xi'an 710077, China
Practice Of Enhanced Gas Extraction By Staged Fracturing With Comb-Shaped Long Hole In Coal Mine Roof, Jia Bingyi, Chen Dongdong, Wu Jie, Sun Siqing, Wang Jianli, Zhao Jizhan, Zhang Jie
Coal Geology & Exploration
In order to solve the problems of drilling construction difficulty, low gas drainage concentration, poor drainage effect and inability to realize the predrainage of large area, based on the existing directional drilling technology and hydraulic fracturing technology in coal mines, combined with the previous research results, the staged hydraulic fracturing technology of comb-shaped long borehole in roof was proposed, and the field test was carried out in Sangshuping No.2 well in Hancheng mining area.The test results show that the main hole length of comb-shaped hole in roof was 588 m, including 8 branch holes, the total drilling footage was 1 …
Different-Source Prediction Of Gas Emission Based On Sapso-Elm And Its Application,
2021
School of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
Different-Source Prediction Of Gas Emission Based On Sapso-Elm And Its Application, Ren Haifeng, Yan Youji, Wu Qinghai
Coal Geology & Exploration
In order to improve the accuracy of gas emission prediction, in view of the multiple correlations and complexity of the influencing factors of gas emission, principal component analysis and separated source prediction theory were combined, the gas emission data of the mining layer, adjacent layer, and goaf were respectively subjected to principal component analysis to reduce dimensionality, and the predictor was obtained. Aiming at the problem that the input weight matrix and hidden layer threshold of the extreme learning machine were generated randomly, the simulated annealing particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to optimize the parameters of the extreme learning …
Mechanism And Control Of Strong Ground Pressure In Fully Mechanized Mining Face,
2021
School of Mechanics and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China
Mechanism And Control Of Strong Ground Pressure In Fully Mechanized Mining Face, Zhang Yin, Zhao Yi, Li Hao
Coal Geology & Exploration
In order to ensure the safe use of the withdrawal roadway in the fully mechanized mining face of thick coal seam, taking the strong ground pressure behavior of the withdrawal roadway in 31102 working face of Nalinhe No.2 well as the method of combination of field monitoring and theoretical analysis, the strong ground pressure behavior of the withdrawal roadway in the mining process of fully mechanized mining face in thick coal seam was studied. The results show that: the strong ground pressure behavior of withdrawal roadway in fully mechanized mining face of thick coal seam is mainly the result of …
Characteristics Of Shale Gas Reservoir In Upper Paleozoic Coal Measures In Yangquan Block, Qinshui Basin,
2021
State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
Characteristics Of Shale Gas Reservoir In Upper Paleozoic Coal Measures In Yangquan Block, Qinshui Basin, Li Yangyang, Li Xianqing, Zhang Xueqing, Xiao Xianming, Yu Zhenfeng, Wang Baoyu
Coal Geology & Exploration
Shale reservoir characteristics are the basic content of shale gas storage capacity evaluation. In order to explore the properties of high-evolved coal-measures shale gas reservoirs and optimize favorable reservoirs, various experimental methods of rock pyrolysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high-pressure mercury intrusion, low-temperature N2 and CO2 gas adsorption were applied to the Qinshui Basin. Reservoir characteristics were studied with core samples of coal-measure shale core from the Upper Paleozoic in Yangquan Block. The results show that the Upper Paleozoic coal-measures shale in Yangquan Block of the Qinshui Basin has a high content of organic carbon(average TOC is …
Rock Breaking Mechanism Of Composite Impact Of Full-Size Pdc Bit Based On Finite Element Analysis,
2021
China Coal Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China; Xi'an Research Institute, China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp., Xi'an 710077, China
Rock Breaking Mechanism Of Composite Impact Of Full-Size Pdc Bit Based On Finite Element Analysis, Peng Xu, Hao Shijun
Coal Geology & Exploration
In order to solve the problems of low rock breaking efficiency in hard formation and the decrease of bit life caused by stick-slip vibration of drilling tools, the full-size bit composite impact rock breaking mechanism was studied by finite element method(ANSYS). The effects of impact frequency, WOB(weight on bit) and rotational speed on the efficiency of rock breaking were analyzed. It was found that both tensile and compressive stresses existed in rock during bit rock breaking, and rock failure was manifested in comprehensive failure of “tensile & compressive shear”. It is concluded that under the condition of torsional impact frequency …
Research On The Grouting And Setting Pressure Of The Automatic Hole Sealing Device In Underground Coal Mine,
2021
China Coal Research Institute, Beijing 100013, China; Xi'an Research Institute Co. Ltd., China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp., Xi'an 710077, China
Research On The Grouting And Setting Pressure Of The Automatic Hole Sealing Device In Underground Coal Mine, Li Chengcheng, Wang Yi, Wang Li, Duan Huijun
Coal Geology & Exploration
Grouting pressure and setting pressure are the main parameters for designing an automatic hole sealing device in coal mine, and they are also the important basis for the design of automatic hole sealing construction. Based on the radial sealing range of the slurry, the paper analyzes the sealing effect under different slurry pressure conditions by means of theoretical calculation and numerical simulation. Combined with the mechanical characteristics of the rubber Mooney-Rivlin model, extrusion seal and other principles, the optimal injection pressure and setting pressure are studied and determined. The results show that the radial sealing range of the slurry at …
Beneficial Cbm Area Prediction Based On Structural Elemental Quantitative Cluster Classification,
2021
Department of Geosciences and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; Key Lab of Geology of Coal and Coal Measure Gas, Taiyuan 030024, China
Beneficial Cbm Area Prediction Based On Structural Elemental Quantitative Cluster Classification, Liu Jing, Chang Suoliang, Liu Zuiliang, Zhang Sheng, Chen Qiang, Liu Bo
Coal Geology & Exploration
In order to select optimally the CBM-enriched area of structural elements and delicately divide the advantageous blocks of CBM structural control under the development scale, this paper takes the Yongle south block in the southwest of Qinshui Basin as an example, subdivides the structural characterization elements and quantifies the indicators of structural elements, and puts forward the method of trend surface iteration to characterize different degrees of structural deformation, fuzzy clustering classification and element dichotomy to optimize the favorable area of CBM structural control. Based on the comprehensive interpretation results of seismic geology, the quantitative characterization of structural elements of …
