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Full-Text Articles in Rural Sociology
China's Agrarian Reform And The Privatization Of Land: A Contrarian View , Qian (Forrest) Zhang, John Andrew Donaldson
China's Agrarian Reform And The Privatization Of Land: A Contrarian View , Qian (Forrest) Zhang, John Andrew Donaldson
John Donaldson
Many reporters and scholars outside China advocate the privatization of land ownership in China as a necessary step for the transformation of China's agriculture system into a modern, large-scale, market-oriented and technology-intensive one. Chinese scholars advocating land privatization, for their part, typically argue that land privatization would better protect farmers’ rights and interests. We present a contrarian view to these calls for land privatization. Under China's current system of collective land ownership and individualized land use rights, agriculture has modernized rapidly in China in a way that has avoided privatization's many downsides. Land privatization, by contrast, would only exacerbate class …
Comparing Local Models Of Agrarian Transition In China, Qian Forrest Zhang
Comparing Local Models Of Agrarian Transition In China, Qian Forrest Zhang
Qian Forrest ZHANG
The development of markets and the penetration of capital into agriculture have started the agrarian transition in rural China, which is transforming smallholding, household-based agriculture into various forms of capitalistic production. This again raises in a new historical and social context the long-debated question in the agrarian transition literature: Can family farms survive the onslaught of capitalist agriculture based on wage labor and what shapes the confrontation between family farms and agro-capital? I argue that it is the local political economy—rather than some natural obstacles in agriculture to the penetration of capitalism—that shapes this confrontation and gives rise to a …
Gender Disparities In Self-Employment In Urban China's Market Transition: Income Inequality, Occupational Segregation, And Mobility Processes, Qian Forrest Zhang
Gender Disparities In Self-Employment In Urban China's Market Transition: Income Inequality, Occupational Segregation, And Mobility Processes, Qian Forrest Zhang
Qian Forrest ZHANG
This paper presents the first quantitative analysis of gender disparities in self-employment in urban China. It documents the extent of gender income inequality in self-employment. By disaggregating self-employment into three occupational classes, it shows the gender segregation within self-employment—women were concentrated in the financially least rewarding segment—and identifies it as a main source of the gender income inequality. It examines a range of determinants of participation in self-employment—family structure, family background, and career history—and how their gender-specific effects contributed to gender segregation. Although using data from a 1996 national survey, this study captures two key processes that shaped the structure …