Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Quantitative, Qualitative, Comparative, and Historical Methodologies Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
- Keyword
-
- Perceptions of violence (7)
- Gun violence (6)
- Youth violence (6)
- Cure violence (5)
- Violence reduction (5)
-
- Attitudes towards violence (4)
- Cure Violence (4)
- Juvenile arrests (4)
- Measuring norms and attitudes (4)
- Respondent Driven Sampling (4)
- Violence prevention efforts (4)
- Young men perceptions of violence (4)
- Youth arrests (4)
- Program evaluation (3)
- Respondent-driven sampling (3)
- Violence prevention programs (3)
- Violent crime (3)
- Violent crime arrests (3)
- Violent youth crime (3)
- Youth and community (3)
- Youth arrest rates (3)
- Youth crime (3)
- Youth crime decline (3)
- Youth violence prevention (3)
- Anti social behaviors (2)
- Arrest rates (2)
- Arrests (2)
- Community improvement (2)
- Drug arrests (2)
- Drug crimes (2)
- Publication Year
Articles 31 - 55 of 55
Full-Text Articles in Quantitative, Qualitative, Comparative, and Historical Methodologies
Racial Disparities In Juvenile Drug Arrests, Jeffrey A. Butts
Racial Disparities In Juvenile Drug Arrests, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
Illegal drug use in the U.S. does not differ significantly by race (SAMHSA 2014). Data from the U.S. Department of Justice show notable racial disparities in youth drug arrests specifically arrests for possession. This databit looks at differences in juvenile drug arrests rates since the late 1980s.
Effectiveness Of The Cure Violence Model In New York City, Jeffrey A. Butts, Kevin T. Wolff, Evan Misshula, Sheyla A. Delgado
Effectiveness Of The Cure Violence Model In New York City, Jeffrey A. Butts, Kevin T. Wolff, Evan Misshula, Sheyla A. Delgado
Publications and Research
New research from the John Jay College Research & Evaluation Center (JohnJayREC) suggests that the Cure Violence strategy may effectively reduce the incidence of homicide. Researchers at John Jay worked with analysts at the New York Police Department (NYPD) to assemble information about violence in New York City neighborhoods and compared areas with and without Cure Violence programs. The analysis focused on programs in three areas: two in Brooklyn and one in Manhattan. All three areas were operating Cure Violence programs as of 2010, and homicides were tracked through 2013. When the study compared homicide rates in those areas with …
Violent Youth Arrests Continue To Fall Nationwide, Jeffrey A. Butts
Violent Youth Arrests Continue To Fall Nationwide, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
FBI crime data show that the number of violent youth arrests declined between 2012 and 2013, with aggravated assaults dropping significantly. Youth arrests peaked in the nineties, began to decline sharply before rebounding in 2006, and dropped again in 2008. This databit looks at violent youth arrest rates based on crime offenses from 1980 to 2013.
Out-Of-Home Placements Falling Among Younger Juveniles, Jeffrey A. Butts
Out-Of-Home Placements Falling Among Younger Juveniles, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
According to juvenile court data, the number of formally handled juvenile cases, as well as out-of-home placements for juveniles, dropped between 1996 and 2011. The rate of decline was much lower for 17-year-old juveniles than those 16 and under. This databit looks at the rate of out-of-home placements for juveniles between 1985 to 2011.
The Debt Penalty: Exposing The Financial Barriers To Offender Reintegration, Douglas N. Evans
The Debt Penalty: Exposing The Financial Barriers To Offender Reintegration, Douglas N. Evans
Publications and Research
Financial debt associated with legal system involvement is a pressing issue that affects the criminal justice system, offenders, and taxpayers. Mere contact with the criminal justice system often results in fees and fines that increase with progression through the system. Criminal justice fines and fees punish offenders and are designed to generate revenue for legal systems operating on limited budgets. However, fines and fees often fail to accomplish this second goal because many offenders are too poor to pay them. If they do not pay their financial obligations, they may be subject to late fees and interest requirements, all of …
Violent Youth Crime In U.S. Falls To New 32-Year Low, Jeffrey A. Butts
Violent Youth Crime In U.S. Falls To New 32-Year Low, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
FBI crime data shows a decline in violent youth crimes between 2011 and 2012, reaching a new 32-year-low. Violent youth crimes reached a new low every year between 2009 and 2012. This databit shows the rate of violent youth crimes based on crime offense between 1980 and 2012.
Ready For Success: A Profile Of Youthbuild Mentoring Participants, Kathleen A. Tomberg
Ready For Success: A Profile Of Youthbuild Mentoring Participants, Kathleen A. Tomberg
Publications and Research
The YouthBuild USA National Mentoring Alliance program (“YouthBuild Mentoring”) seeks to engage students with responsible, supportive, committed adult volunteers to help young people achieve success in education, employment, and social relationships. By matching students with adult mentors for a minimum of 15 months, YouthBuild Mentoring helps these youth form strong emotional bonds and continuing relationships that will ideally last for years beyond the end of the program. YouthBuild USA partnered with the Research and Evaluation Center of John Jay College of Criminal Justice to assess the attitudes of YouthBuild Mentoring participants on a variety of topics, including self-image, self-efficacy, perceptions …
Crime Drop Ii – Young People Are Leading The Newest Violent Crime Decline, Jeffrey A. Butts
Crime Drop Ii – Young People Are Leading The Newest Violent Crime Decline, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
FBI crime data show that young people contributed a large share to the declining rate of violent crime in the United States. By 2011, the youth violent crime rate had dropped 60 percent since its peak in 1994. The databit shows the rate of violent crime between 1994-2004 and 2006-2011 for youth under age 18, 18-24, and 25 and older.
Is The Decline In Juvenile Incarceration Due To Reform Or Falling Crime Rates?, Jeffrey A. Butts
Is The Decline In Juvenile Incarceration Due To Reform Or Falling Crime Rates?, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
FBI crime data show a decline in juvenile incarceration while placement patterns have not changed since 1995. The per capita youth incarceration in 2010 was more than 40 percent lower than in 1995. This databit shows the rate of juvenile crime since 1995, how incarceration trends mirror arrests and referrals, and juvenile placement patterns.
Youth Development Through Service: A Quality Assessment Of The Youthbuild Americorps Program, Kathleen A. Tomberg
Youth Development Through Service: A Quality Assessment Of The Youthbuild Americorps Program, Kathleen A. Tomberg
Publications and Research
The YouthBuild AmeriCorps program serves youth facing a multitude of challenges, including a lack of education and job skills, community disengagement, and economic disadvantage. This program assessment found that after engaging with the YouthBuild AmeriCorps model, participants made significant, positive changes in their outlook on service, personal responsibility, and community orientation. More specifically, after participating in the program, they deepened their personal commitments to service, began to develop a sense of personal worth and reliability, became more connected with their communities, and started to develop more trust in larger social institutions. These encouraging findings suggest that YouthBuild AmeriCorps is succeeding …
Teaming Up For Safer Cities: A Report From The Implementation Assessment Of The National Forum On Youth Violence Prevention (2012), Jeffrey A. Butts, Caterina Gouvis Roman, Kathleen A. Tomberg
Teaming Up For Safer Cities: A Report From The Implementation Assessment Of The National Forum On Youth Violence Prevention (2012), Jeffrey A. Butts, Caterina Gouvis Roman, Kathleen A. Tomberg
Publications and Research
The efforts inspired by the National Forum on Youth Violence Prevention will take time to develop, but survey results from the first 15 months of implementation suggest that the initiative may be generating some important changes. In five communities, survey respondents report a number of potentially valuable improvements. The results imply that the cities involved in the National Forum may be increasing opportunities for youth and improving the extent to which violence prevention approaches draw upon the perspectives and expertise of a broad range of community members. There are also indications that some cities are developing better overall capacity to …
Professional Deceit: Normal Lying In An Occupational Setting, Janet M. Ruane, Karen Cerulo
Professional Deceit: Normal Lying In An Occupational Setting, Janet M. Ruane, Karen Cerulo
Department of Sociology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
Normal lies are those that social actors legitimate as appropriate means to desirable outcomes. Such lies have been acknowledged in the literature as tools for maintaining social order. Yet, little has been done to document the social structural sources of normal lying. This paper offers a first step in filling this research gap, examining aspects of occupational structure and their connection to the practice of normal lying. Specifically, we discuss four dimensions of occupational structure — occupational rewards and entry requirements, occupational loyalties, social control styles within an occupation, and an occupation's level of professionalization — and we explore the …
Violent Youth Crime Plummets To A 30-Year Low, Jeffrey A. Butts
Violent Youth Crime Plummets To A 30-Year Low, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
FBI crime data show a considerable drop in violent youth crimes between 2010 and 2011, with arrests for murder and nonnegligent manslaughter dropping 20 percent in one year. Violent crime arrest rates in 2011 were 30 percent lower than in 2008. This databit shows the percent change in violent offenses charged against youth under 18 between 2010 and 2011 and the youth violent crime rate since 1981.
Numeric Estimation And Response Options: An Examination Of The Measurement Properties Of Numeric And Vague Quantifier Responses, Mohammad T. Al Baghal
Numeric Estimation And Response Options: An Examination Of The Measurement Properties Of Numeric And Vague Quantifier Responses, Mohammad T. Al Baghal
Survey Research and Methodology (SRAM) Program: Dissertations and Theses
Many survey questions ask respondents to provide responses that contain quantitative information. These questions are often asked requiring open ended numeric responses, while others have been asked using vague quantifier scales. How these questions are asked, particularly in terms of the response format, can have an important impact on the data. Therefore, the response format is of particular importance for ensuring that any use of the data contains the best possible information. Generally, survey researchers have argued against the use of vague quantifier scales. This dissertation compares various measurement properties between numeric open ended and vague quantifier responses, using three …
Homicide By Neighborhood: Mapping New York City’S Violent Crime Drop, Preeti Chauhan, Lauren Kois
Homicide By Neighborhood: Mapping New York City’S Violent Crime Drop, Preeti Chauhan, Lauren Kois
Publications and Research
Researchers, scholars, and policymakers interested in the falling rate of violent crime in New York City (NYC) have attempted to pinpoint causes of the welcome trend. Discovering the causes of the city’s crime drop may lead to important lessons for the city itself and may influence policy and practice throughout the state, nation, and perhaps other countries. Researchers have suggested a host of mechanisms that may explain the dramatic decline in violence, but two factors—misdemeanor policing and the transformation of drug markets—continue to receive the most attention. This report focuses on these factors in relation to gun-related homicide rates. It …
Less Serious Offenses Account For 90 Percent Of The Growth In Juvenile Placements, Jeffrey A. Butts
Less Serious Offenses Account For 90 Percent Of The Growth In Juvenile Placements, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
The largest increases in juvenile placements were seen in cases involving obstruction of justice, simple assault, drug law violations, vandalism, and disorderly conduct. This databit looks at the percentage and change in placement cases for juveniles from 1985 to 2008.
Mental Health And Drug Disorders Less Common At Early Stages Of Juvenile Justice, Jeffrey A. Butts
Mental Health And Drug Disorders Less Common At Early Stages Of Juvenile Justice, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
Youth in the juvenile justice system are at a higher risk for mental health disorders and substance abuse problems, but these differences in risk are often misunderstood. This databit looks at the prevalence of mental health and substance abuse and makes recommendations for early intervention and prevention programs.
Violent Crime Rates Continue To Fall Among Juveniles And Young Adults, Jeffrey A. Butts
Violent Crime Rates Continue To Fall Among Juveniles And Young Adults, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
Violent crime (murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault based on the FBI Violent Crime Index) declined per capita for ages 10 – 17 after 2004. This databit looks at the arrest rates for these four offenses between 1994 and 2004.
Transfer Of Juveniles To Criminal Court Is Not Correlated With Falling Youth Violence, Jeffrey A. Butts
Transfer Of Juveniles To Criminal Court Is Not Correlated With Falling Youth Violence, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
Though it may seem that transferring youth to criminal court should lower youth violent crime, this analysis shows no relationship. This databit looks at the transfer rate and violent crime declines in the six states that reported juvenile arrests to the FBI.
School Crime Has Declined Sharply Since The 1990'S, Jeffrey A. Butts
School Crime Has Declined Sharply Since The 1990'S, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
Between 1994 to 2010, the rate of violent victimizations at American schools dropped, with a sharp fall after 1994. This databit looks at property and violent crimes in schools from the early 1990s to 2010.
Could Focused Deterrence Strategies Reduce Drug-Related Violence In Mexico?, Douglas N. Evans
Could Focused Deterrence Strategies Reduce Drug-Related Violence In Mexico?, Douglas N. Evans
Publications and Research
Drug-related killings in Mexico have reached frightening proportions. This databit summarizes recommendations by Professor Mark Kleiman and analyzes drug-related murders in the Federal States of Mexico compared to total murders in U.S jurisdictions of comparable size.
Recent Increases In Drug Arrests Were For Possession, Not Sales, Jeffrey A. Butts
Recent Increases In Drug Arrests Were For Possession, Not Sales, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
Between 1991 and 2006, arrests for drug sales and manufacturing dropped while arrests for possession grew, with the largest growth seen in youth under 18. This databit looks at drug-related arrests for youth under 18, young adults 18 – 24, and adults 25 and older.
As Serious Juvenile Crime Declined, Police Made More Arrests For Less Serious Offenses, Jeffrey A. Butts
As Serious Juvenile Crime Declined, Police Made More Arrests For Less Serious Offenses, Jeffrey A. Butts
Publications and Research
Arrests by law enforcement for youth under 18 reached a 30-year low in 2012. Arrests for the eight serious offenses included in the FBI crime index decreased by almost half from 1995 to 2010. This databit looks at juvenile arrests in total and by offense from 1980 to 2010.
Women Of African Descent: Persistence In Completing A Doctorate, Vannetta L. Bailey-Iddrisu
Women Of African Descent: Persistence In Completing A Doctorate, Vannetta L. Bailey-Iddrisu
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study examines the educational persistence of women of African descent (WOAD) in pursuit of a doctorate degree at universities in the southeastern United States. WOAD are women of African ancestry born outside the African continent. These women are heirs to an inner dogged determination and spirit to survive despite all odds (Pulliam, 2003, p. 337).This study used Ellis’s (1997) Three Stages for Graduate Student Development as the conceptual framework to examine the persistent strategies used by these women to persist to the completion of their studies.
Lack Of A Will Or Of A Way? Taking A Capability Approach For Analysing Disability Policy Shortcomings And Ensuring Programme Impact In Afghanistan, Jean-Francois Trani, Parul Bakhshi, Ayan A. Noor, Ashraf Mashkoor
Lack Of A Will Or Of A Way? Taking A Capability Approach For Analysing Disability Policy Shortcomings And Ensuring Programme Impact In Afghanistan, Jean-Francois Trani, Parul Bakhshi, Ayan A. Noor, Ashraf Mashkoor
Brown School Faculty Publications
The present paper attempts to analyse some of the shortcomings that have impeded efforts in the field of disability in Afghanistan. After an overview of recent disability initiatives, this article presents elements that have contributed to the limited impact. The context of a Conflict Affected Fragile State (CAFS) makes particularly intricate the development of state-capacity as well as the delivery of basic services for the population. To overcome identified gaps, it is argued that Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach (CA) constitutes a relevant framework for designing disability policy and implementation. While the definition of human development has evolved considerably over the …