Gerontology Commons^™

Sleep Disturbances Among Older Adults In The United States, 2002–2012: Nationwide Inpatient Rates, Predictors, And Outcomes, Alyssa A. Gamaldo, May A. Beydoun, Hind A. Beydoun, Hailun Liang, Rachel E. Salas, Alan B. Zonderman, Charlene E. Gamaldo, Shaker M. Eid

Aging Studies Faculty Publications

Objective/Background: We examined the rates, predictors, and outcomes [mortality risk (MR), length of stay (LOS), and total charges (TC)] of sleep disturbances in older hospitalized patients.

Patients/Methods: Using the U.S. Nationwide Inpatient Sample database (2002–2012), older patients (≥60 years) were selected and rates of insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and other sleep disturbances (OSD) were estimated using ICD-9CM. TC, adjusted for inflation, was of primary interest, while MR and LOS were secondary outcomes. Multivariable regression analyses were conducted.

Results: Of 35,258,031 older adults, 263,865 (0.75%) had insomnia, 750,851 (2.13%) OSA and 21,814 (0.06%) OSD. Insomnia rates increased significantly (0.27% in …

Medicare Claims Indicators Of Healthcare Utilization Differences After Hospitalization For Ischemic Stroke: Race, Gender, And Caregiving Effects, David L. Roth, Orla C. Sheehan, Jin Huang, James D. Rhodes, Suzanne Judd, Meredith Kilgore, Brett Kissela, Janeet P. Bettger, William E. Haley

Aging Studies Faculty Publications

Background—Differences in healthcare utilization after stroke may partly explain race or gender differences in stroke outcomes and identify factors that might reduce post-acute stroke care costs.

Aim—To examine systematic differences in Medicare claims for healthcare utilization after hospitalization for ischemic stroke in a United States (US) population-based sample.

Methods—Claims were examined over a 6-month period after hospitalization for 279 ischemic stroke survivors 65 years or older from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study. Statistical analyses examined differences in post-acute healthcare utilization, adjusted for pre-stroke utilization, as a function of race (African American …

Health Vulnerability Of Immigrants With Limited English Proficiency: A Study Of Older Korean Americans, Yuri Jang, Hyunwoo Yoon, Nan Sook Park, David A. Chiriboga

Social Work Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES—To examine the extent to which limited English proficiency (LEP) poses a risk to physical and mental health, using older Korean Americans as a target population.

DESIGN—Cross-sectional survey.

PARTICIPANTS—Older Korean Americans (N = 1,301).

MEASUREMENTS—Health outcomes were indexed using binary variables covering activity limitation, self-rated health, and probable depression. Participants who reported that they spoke English less than very well were categorized as manifesting LEP.

RESULTS—Approximately 71% of the sample had LEP. Those with LEP scored lower on all measures of health than their English-proficient counterparts. In multivariate models, the risk of having activity limitations was 2.72 times as great …

Fear Conditioning And Extinction In Youth With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Joseph F. Mcguire, Scott P. Orr, Monica S. Wu, Adam B. Lewin, Brent J. Small, Vicky Phares, Tanya K. Murphy, Sabine Wilhelm, Daniel S. Pine, Daniel Geller, Eric A. Storch

Psychology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Fear acquisition and extinction are central constructs in the cognitive-behavioral model of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), which underlies exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Youth with OCD may have impairments in fear acquisition and extinction that carry treatment implications. We examined these processes using a differential conditioning procedure.

METHODS: Forty-one youth (19 OCD, 22 community comparisons) completed a battery of clinical interviews, rating scales, and a differential conditioning task that included habituation, acquisition, and extinction phases. Skin conductance response (SCR) served as the primary dependent measure.

RESULTS: During habituation, no difference between groups was observed. During acquisition, differential fear conditioning was observed …

Training For Research And Teaching In Geropsychology: Preparing The Next Generation Of Scholars And Educators, Brian D. Carpenter, Erin Sakai, Michele J. Karel, Victor A. Molinari

Aging Studies Faculty Publications

For geropsychology to flourish in the years ahead, we need scientists to advance knowledge and teachers to draw new professionals into the field. In this project the authors surveyed 100 geropsychologists who completed a doctoral degree in clinical or counseling psychology about their experience with training for research and teaching. The majority were currently conducting some degree of research (38%) and some form of teaching (45%). The majority of ratings for components of research training were in the “very good to excellent” range, whereas elements of teacher training were rated in the “poor to good” range, though there was variability …

Incremental Validity Of Useful Field Of View Subtests For The Prediction Of Instrumental Activities Of Daily Living, Frederik Aust, Jerri D. Edwards

Aging Studies Faculty Publications

Introduction: The Useful Field of View Test (UFOV®) is a cognitive measure that predicts older adults’ ability to perform a range of everyday activities. However, little is known about the individual contribution of each subtest to these predictions, and the underlying constructs of UFOV performance remain a topic of debate.

Method: We investigated the incremental validity of UFOV subtests for the prediction of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) performance in two independent datasets, the SKILL (n = 828) and ACTIVE (n = 2426) studies. We then explored the cognitive and visual abilities assessed by UFOV …

Predicting Mortality In Patients Treated Differently: Updating And External Validation Of A Prediction Model For Nursing Home Residents With Dementia And Lower Respiratory Infections, Simone P. Rauh, Martijn W. Heymans, David R. Mehr, Robin L. Kruse, Patricia Lane, Neil W. Kowell, Ladislav Volicer, Jenny T. Van Der Steen

Aging Studies Faculty Publications

Objective To evaluate whether a model that was previously developed to predict 14-day mortality for nursing home residents with dementia and lower respiratory tract infection who received antibiotics could be applied to residents who were not treated with antibiotics. Specifically, in this same data set, to update the model using recalibration methods; and subsequently examine the historical, geographical, methodological and spectrum transportability through external validation of the updated model.

Design 1 cohort study was used to develop the prediction model, and 4 cohort studies from 2 countries were used for the external validation of the model.

Setting Nursing homes in …

Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia Reactivity To A Sad Film Predicts Depression Symptom Improvement And Symptomatic Trajectory, Vanessa Panaite, Alexandra Cowden Hindash, Lauren M. Bylsma, Brent J. Small, Kristen Salomon, Johnathan Rottenberg

Psychology Faculty Publications

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) reactivity, an index of cardiac vagal tone, has been linked to self-regulation and the severity and course of depression (Rottenberg, 2007). Although initial data supports the proposition that RSA withdrawal during a sad film is a specific predictor of depression course (Fraguas, 2007; Rottenberg, 2005), the robustness and specificity of this finding are unclear. To provide a stronger test, RSA reactivity to three emotion films (happy, sad, fear) and to a more robust stressor, a speech task, were examined in currently depressed individuals (n = 37), who were assessed for their degree of symptomatic improvement over …

Comt And Oprm1 Genotype Associations With Daily Knee Pain Variability And Activity Induced Pain, Lynn M. Martire, Stephanie J. Wilson, Brent J. Small, Yvette P. Conley, Piotr K. Janicki, Martin J. Sliwinski

Aging Studies Faculty Publications

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a common and increasingly prevalent condition that is one of the primary causes of chronic pain. Staying physically active protects against disability from knee OA but is also very challenging. A critical but unexamined question is whether patients at greatest risk for becoming less active are those with a genetic predisposition for greater sensitivity to daily pain.

Aims: We examined day-to-day variability in knee OA pain for patients with different variants of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and whether patients with a specific genotype experience more pain following …

Spatially-Weighted Ethnic Density And Residential Segregation: Effects On Health Status Among Older Mexican Americans, Sung Han Rhew

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Research suggests that living in communities with high densities of persons from their own ethnic group improves the overall health of older Mexican Americans. One hypothesis is that residing in high ethnic density areas allows characteristics of Mexican culture such as strong social ties and social cohesion, to have a beneficial effect. The majority of investigations focused on ethnic density effects, however, have utilized relatively loose interpretations of what constitutes the appropriate social-geographic area to be studied. Moreover it is not clear how certain dimensions of residential segregation are protective or harmful toward health, particularly when measuring ethnic residential segregation …

The Impact Of The Veterans Health Administration's Home Based Primary Care On Health Services Use, Expenditures, And Mortality, Melissa Castora-Binkley

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Background: Among patients with multiple chronic conditions, care coordination and integration remains one of the major challenges facing the U.S. health care system. A home-based, patient-centered primary care program has been offered through the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) since the 1970s for frail veterans who have difficulty accessing VHA clinics. The VHA Home Based Primary Care (VHA HBPC) aims to integrate primary care, rehabilitation, disease management, palliative care, and coordination of care for frail individuals with complex, chronic diseases within their homes. Early research suggested that VHA HBPC was associated with positive outcomes (e.g., reduced resource use and patient satisfaction). …

"Having Our Say": Exploring The Processes And Feasibility Of A Community-Based Participatory Intergenerational Physical Activity Program For Grandparents Raising Grandchildren, Tiffany Lenell Young

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Over the past twenty years, the number of grandparents raising grandchildren has increased substantially. In many cases, raising grandchildren can be stressful and may aggravate pre-existing health conditions. Grandchildren in these kinship relationships often experience poor health outcomes as well. Typically, both grandparents and grandchildren do not engage in positive health behaviors. Thus, there is a need to develop intergenerational health promotion interventions for grandparents raising grandchildren. This study used the community-based participatory research approach to develop and implement an eight-week intergenerational program for kinship families. The specific goals of this descriptive study were to understand the process and feasibility …