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Criminology Commons

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2017

Selected Works

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Articles 1 - 30 of 45

Full-Text Articles in Criminology

Aggregate-Level Lead Exposure, Gun Violence, Homicide, And Rape, Brian B. Boutwell, Erik J. Nelson, Zhengmin Qian, Michael G. Vaughn, John P. Wright, John P. Wright, Kevin M. Beaver, Kevin M. Beaver, J. C. Barnes, Melissa Petkovsek, Roger Lewis, Mario Schootman, Richard Rosenfeld Nov 2017

Aggregate-Level Lead Exposure, Gun Violence, Homicide, And Rape, Brian B. Boutwell, Erik J. Nelson, Zhengmin Qian, Michael G. Vaughn, John P. Wright, John P. Wright, Kevin M. Beaver, Kevin M. Beaver, J. C. Barnes, Melissa Petkovsek, Roger Lewis, Mario Schootman, Richard Rosenfeld

Richard Rosenfeld

Context
An increasing body of research has linked the geographic distribution of lead with various indicators of criminal and antisocial behavior.

Objective
The current study, using data from an ongoing project related to lead exposure in St. Louis City, MO, analyzed the association between aggregate blood lead levels and specific indicators violent crime within the city.

Design
Ecological study.

Setting
St. Louis, Missouri.

Exposure measure
Blood lead levels.

Main outcome measure
Official reports of violent crimes were categorized as 1) crimes involving a firearm (yes/no), 2) assault crimes (with or without a firearm), 3) robbery crimes (with or without a …


Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 43: Are Law Enforcement Officers Exempt From Law Enforcement?, Philip M. Stinson Oct 2017

Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 43: Are Law Enforcement Officers Exempt From Law Enforcement?, Philip M. Stinson

Philip M Stinson

This episode of the Police Integrity Lost Podcast features an interview of Professor Phil Stinson by Todd Zwillich for the PRI radio show The Takeaway that originally aired on NPR on October 20, 2017.


Once Bitten, Thrice Wise: The Varying Effects Of Victimization On Routine Activities And Risk Management, J. Michael Vecchio Oct 2017

Once Bitten, Thrice Wise: The Varying Effects Of Victimization On Routine Activities And Risk Management, J. Michael Vecchio

J. Michael Vecchio

While the relationship between offending and victimization is well established, less is understood about what contributes to the varied effects of victimization on future behavior. Drawing on qualitative interviews from a sample of at-risk men, the study explores recognized and unrecognized effects of victimization on subsequent behavior and management of lifestyle risks both within and across narratives. Findings demonstrate a range of perceived effects on behavior and risk management, with the presence or absence of substantive effects related to whether the event was both severe and directly attributable to involvement in at-risk behavior. Consequences for the victimization–termination hypothesis are discussed.


Youth Gangs: An Overview Of Key Findings And Directions For The Future, Terrance J. Taylor, J. Michael Vecchio Oct 2017

Youth Gangs: An Overview Of Key Findings And Directions For The Future, Terrance J. Taylor, J. Michael Vecchio

J. Michael Vecchio

Youth gangs have received considerable attention for many decades. Undoubtedly, their disproportionate involvement in violence is one main reason for this attention. While gang members spend most of their lives engaging in the same types of behaviors as other youth (sleeping, eating, playing video games, going to school), they are also much more likely than non-gang members to be involved in violence and other criminal activity. Indeed, scholars have often highlighted the functional nature of violence as it pertains to gangs. Gangs come in a variety of forms: prison gangs, outlaw motorcycle gangs, extremist groups, and drug trafficking organizations, among …


Leaving The Gang: A Review And Thoughts On Future Research, Dena C. Carson, J. Michael Vecchio Oct 2017

Leaving The Gang: A Review And Thoughts On Future Research, Dena C. Carson, J. Michael Vecchio

J. Michael Vecchio

Researchers have examined aspects of gangs and their members for almost a century. This work, however, focuses primarily on youth prior to joining as well as during gang involvement. While comparatively less is known about the leaving processes, work in this area has been increasing in recent years. This chapter will discuss the growing body of research on the processes associated with leaving the gang. Specifically, it will review difficulties associated with defining gang desistance, theoretical perspectives on desistance, variations in motives, methods, and consequences of leaving, barriers to desistance, as well as make recommendations for policy and future research.


The Scale Of Imprisonment In The United States: Twentieth Century Patterns And Twenty-First Century Prospects, Franklin E. Zimring Oct 2017

The Scale Of Imprisonment In The United States: Twentieth Century Patterns And Twenty-First Century Prospects, Franklin E. Zimring

Franklin E. Zimring

No abstract provided.


Kids, Groups And Crime: Some Implications Of A Well-Known Secret, Franklin E. Zimring Oct 2017

Kids, Groups And Crime: Some Implications Of A Well-Known Secret, Franklin E. Zimring

Franklin E. Zimring

No abstract provided.


Declining Homicide In New York City: A Tale Of Two Trends, Jeffrey Fagan, Franklin E. Zimring, June Kim Oct 2017

Declining Homicide In New York City: A Tale Of Two Trends, Jeffrey Fagan, Franklin E. Zimring, June Kim

Franklin E. Zimring

Part of a special issue on why crime is decreasing. The writers discuss the extent and causes of the decline in life threatening violence in New York City over a five-year period. In its relative and absolute magnitude, the falls in homicide in New York after 1992 were by far the biggest in the city's postwar history. The patterns for homicide during the decline differ in terms of location, weapon, and demography. The patterns show that there are two separate trends in nongun and gun homicides. The decline in gun homicides could probably be attributed to police intervention, but the …


Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 42: Police Shootings, Tasers, And Community Efforts To Improve Police Accountability, Philip M. Stinson Sep 2017

Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 42: Police Shootings, Tasers, And Community Efforts To Improve Police Accountability, Philip M. Stinson

Philip M Stinson

This episode of the Police Integrity Lost Podcast features an interview of Professor Phil Stinson by Eugene Puryear that originally aired on the Radio Sputnik show By Any Means Necessary on August 31, 2017.


Barriocide: Investigating The Temporal And Spatial Influence Of Neighborhood Structural Characteristics On Gang And Non-Gang Homicides In East Los Angeles, Matthew Valasik, Michael S. Barton, Shannon E. Reid, George E. Tita Aug 2017

Barriocide: Investigating The Temporal And Spatial Influence Of Neighborhood Structural Characteristics On Gang And Non-Gang Homicides In East Los Angeles, Matthew Valasik, Michael S. Barton, Shannon E. Reid, George E. Tita

Matthew Valasik

This study explored how changes in neighborhood structural characteristics predicted variation in gang versus non-gang homicides in a policing division of the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD). Longitudinal negative binomial models were examined to test the relationship between-neighborhood structural covariates with gang and non-gang homicides over a 35-year period. This study highlights the potential to estimate temporal effects not captured by cross-sectional analyses alone. The results underscore a unique feature that distinguishes gang homicides from other forms of non-gang violence, its tenacious clustering, and spatial dependence over time.


Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 41: Police Body Cameras And The Planting Of Evidence, Philip M. Stinson Aug 2017

Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 41: Police Body Cameras And The Planting Of Evidence, Philip M. Stinson

Philip M Stinson

This episode of the Police Integrity Lost Podcast features an interview of Professor Phil Stinson by Eugene Puryear that originally aired on the Radio Sputnik show By Any Means Necessary on August 11, 2017.


Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 40: Conspiring To Cover Up Police Shootings, Philip M. Stinson Jul 2017

Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 40: Conspiring To Cover Up Police Shootings, Philip M. Stinson

Philip M Stinson

This episode of the Police Integrity Lost Podcast features an interview of Professor Phil Stinson by Eugene Puryear that originally aired on the Radio Sputnik show By Any Means Necessary on June 29, 2017.


A Post Mortem Of The Eichmann Case--The Lessons For International Law, Nicholas N. Kittrie Jun 2017

A Post Mortem Of The Eichmann Case--The Lessons For International Law, Nicholas N. Kittrie

Nicholas Kittrie

No abstract provided.


Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 39: Waiting On The Jury Verdict In The Trial Of Jeronimo Yanez, Philip M. Stinson Jun 2017

Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 39: Waiting On The Jury Verdict In The Trial Of Jeronimo Yanez, Philip M. Stinson

Philip M Stinson

This episode of the Police Integrity Lost podcast is a recording of an interview that originally aired live on WCCO News Radio 880 in the Minneapolis St. Paul area of Minnesota on June 15, 2017.


Copycat Firesetting: Bridging Two Research Areas, Rebekah Doley, Claire Ferguson, Ray Surette Jun 2017

Copycat Firesetting: Bridging Two Research Areas, Rebekah Doley, Claire Ferguson, Ray Surette

Rebekah Doley

Deliberate firesetting costs our community in destruction to property and lives. Public concern heightens when similar fires occur in a series, raising the specter of copycat firesetting. Difficulties associated with researching copycat crimes in general mean that not a lot is known about copycat firesetting. As an initial step toward filling this research gap, we explore connections between research on copycat crime and research into deliberate firesetting. The intention is to extract salient features from what is known about the phenomena of deliberate firesetting and copycat crime, map them together, and point out shared and unique characteristics. It is argued …


Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 38: Why Police Trials Are So Rare, Philip M. Stinson Jun 2017

Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 38: Why Police Trials Are So Rare, Philip M. Stinson

Philip M Stinson

This episode of the Police Integrity Lost podcast originally aired live on Minnesota Public Radio on May 30, 2017.


Charging A Police Officer In Fatal Shooting Case Is Rare, And A Conviction Is Even Rarer, Philip M. Stinson Jun 2017

Charging A Police Officer In Fatal Shooting Case Is Rare, And A Conviction Is Even Rarer, Philip M. Stinson

Philip M Stinson

No abstract provided.


Fraud And Corruption Against The Government: A Proposed Statute To Establish A Taxpayer Remedy, Erwin Chemerinsky Jun 2017

Fraud And Corruption Against The Government: A Proposed Statute To Establish A Taxpayer Remedy, Erwin Chemerinsky

Erwin Chemerinsky

No abstract provided.


Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 37: The Acquittal Of Police Officer Betty Jo Shelby, Philip M. Stinson May 2017

Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 37: The Acquittal Of Police Officer Betty Jo Shelby, Philip M. Stinson

Philip M Stinson

This episode of the Police Integrity Lost podcast was originally recorded for the Radio Sputnik show By Any Means Necessary on May 18, 2017.


Police Shootings Data: What We Know And What We Don't Know, Philip M. Stinson Apr 2017

Police Shootings Data: What We Know And What We Don't Know, Philip M. Stinson

Philip M Stinson

Stinson, P. M. (2017, April 20). Police shootings data: What we know and what we don’t know. 2017 Urban Elected Prosecutors Summit, Atlanta, GA.


Op-Ed: Cops Shoot And Kill Someone About 1,000 Times A Year: Few Are Prosecuted: What Can Be Done?, Philip M. Stinson Apr 2017

Op-Ed: Cops Shoot And Kill Someone About 1,000 Times A Year: Few Are Prosecuted: What Can Be Done?, Philip M. Stinson

Philip M Stinson

No abstract provided.


Crime Stats Should Inform The Public: Trump Is Misusing Them To Scare Us Instead, Philip M. Stinson Apr 2017

Crime Stats Should Inform The Public: Trump Is Misusing Them To Scare Us Instead, Philip M. Stinson

Philip M Stinson

No abstract provided.


Research Brief One-Sheet No.8: The Impact Of Police Crime On Lgbtq+ People, Philip M. Stinson Apr 2017

Research Brief One-Sheet No.8: The Impact Of Police Crime On Lgbtq+ People, Philip M. Stinson

Philip M Stinson

This research brief provides a summary of a research presentation at the Forum on 21st Century Policing: Protecting the Rights of LGBTQ+ People held by the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services at the U.S. Department of Justice, on July 21, 2016, in Washington, DC.


Professor Breaks Ground With Journal On Sexual Violence And Exploitation, Joseph Essig, Donna M. Hughes Dr. Apr 2017

Professor Breaks Ground With Journal On Sexual Violence And Exploitation, Joseph Essig, Donna M. Hughes Dr.

Donna M. Hughes

In December 2016, Professor of Gender and Women’s Studies Donna M. Hughes published the inaugural issue of the journal Dignity: A Journal on Sexual Exploitation and Violence as editor-in-chief. Just a few months ago, in January, Dignity released its second issue. Professor Hughes has been working on issues related to sexual violence and exploitation, such as human trafficking since the 1980s. She saw an opening in the field for a journal about the particular work that she has been doing for so long. “There is no other scholarly journal that addresses sexual exploitation and violence and has an editorial position …


New Uri Journal Explores Sexual Exploitation, G. Wayne Miller, Donna M. Hughes Dr. Apr 2017

New Uri Journal Explores Sexual Exploitation, G. Wayne Miller, Donna M. Hughes Dr.

Donna M. Hughes

With large global reach already, the journal Dignity is first of its kind in the world. A new journal devoted to the broad examination of sexual exploitation, violence and slavery has been launched by a prominent University of Rhode Island professor and researcher Donna M. Hughes. Since its debut last year, the first-of-its-kind online journal Dignity has been a global success, with people from more than 100 countries downloading articles, according to URI. 


Uri Professor Launches Online Journal About Sexual Exploitation, Violence, Slavery, Donna M. Hughes Dr. Apr 2017

Uri Professor Launches Online Journal About Sexual Exploitation, Violence, Slavery, Donna M. Hughes Dr.

Donna M. Hughes

Sexual exploitation and violence are rampant throughout the world, and academics are rightly pushing the issue into the public eye through their research and articles. University of Rhode Island professor Donna M. Hughes is at the forefront of the movement with the launch of an online academic journal, “Dignity,” dedicated to publishing papers about sexual exploitation, violence and slavery. The journal is the first academic journal in the world to address global sexual exploitation and well on its way to success.


Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 32: More Police Shootings In The United States: Business As Usual, Philip M. Stinson Mar 2017

Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 32: More Police Shootings In The United States: Business As Usual, Philip M. Stinson

Philip M Stinson

This episode of the Police Integrity Lost podcast revisits the issue of police shootings in the United States.


Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 36: Police Crime And Police Integrity: Policy Implications For Law Enforcement Agencies, Philip M. Stinson Mar 2017

Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 36: Police Crime And Police Integrity: Policy Implications For Law Enforcement Agencies, Philip M. Stinson

Philip M Stinson

This episode of the Police Integrity Lost podcast was produced by the National Institute of Justice and features a recording of Phil Stinson discussing police crime policy implications for law enforcement agencies.


Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 35: The Truth About Police Body Cameras, Philip M. Stinson Mar 2017

Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 35: The Truth About Police Body Cameras, Philip M. Stinson

Philip M Stinson

No abstract provided.


Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 33: Wonky Deep Dive On Police Crime, Philip M. Stinson Mar 2017

Police Integrity Lost Podcast Episode 33: Wonky Deep Dive On Police Crime, Philip M. Stinson

Philip M Stinson

No abstract provided.