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Articles 1 - 17 of 17
Full-Text Articles in Criminology
Reforming United States Prisons: A Cross-Cultural Analysis, Alex Henkel
Reforming United States Prisons: A Cross-Cultural Analysis, Alex Henkel
Honors Theses
This paper examines the United States prison system and its standing among peer countries, as well as potential reforms to improve this system and its effectiveness. The incarceration statistics of many different countries show that the United States incarcerates significantly more of its population than similar countries. I turn to an examination of how penal policies are formed across the world to evaluate their impact on the U.S. prison rate compared to other countries. Additionally, I look at recidivism to determine the effectiveness of United States incarceration. This analysis aims to highlight the differences between the U.S. and other countries …
Women And Crime, Samantha M. Caimi
Women And Crime, Samantha M. Caimi
Undergraduate Research
This paper examines the role of gender in three high profile criminal cases involving women. Each case highlights different circumstances of women involved in crime and the consequences of a justice system that does not acknowledge and address the role of gender in women’s criminal involvement. First, Cyntoia Brown’s case demonstrates the challenges specific to poor girls of color. Second, the case of Yeardley Love delineates the danger women face in their relationships with male intimate partners. Finally, the highly controversial case of Casey Anthony illustrates the societal pressure on women as mothers and the need to address potential biases …
“How Can You Live Without Your Kids?”: Distancing From And Embracing The Stigma Of “Incarcerated Mother”, Brittnie L. Aiello, Krista Mcqueeney
“How Can You Live Without Your Kids?”: Distancing From And Embracing The Stigma Of “Incarcerated Mother”, Brittnie L. Aiello, Krista Mcqueeney
Criminology Faculty Publications
This article examines how incarcerated mothers constructed moral identities in the face of stigma. Analyzing data from participant observation and 83 in-depth interviews with incarcerated mothers, we show that mothers claimed moral identities by distancing from the stigma of incarceration and/or embracing the identity of incarcerated mothers. Utilizing these strategies, women challenged the stigma of convicted felon/ bad mother and reinforced the assumptions that motherhood is compulsory and should be reserved for women with enough money and standing to give their children advantages. The implications for understanding motherhood as a mechanism of moral identity and social control are discussed.
La Visibilización: El Desarrollo Del Femicidio Como Un Problema Social En Argentina Según El Estado Y Las Organizaciones Civiles, Maggie Wetzel
La Visibilización: El Desarrollo Del Femicidio Como Un Problema Social En Argentina Según El Estado Y Las Organizaciones Civiles, Maggie Wetzel
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
Femicide is the ultimate display of gendered violence in which a man kills a woman for being a woman. Femicide is made possible by the patriarchal system that ascribes power and control to men, systematically positioning women as a vulnerable population. Every year, more than two hundred women die of femicide in Argentina, resulting in the death of a woman approximately every thirty hours. Femicide has only been recognized by the international community within the last forty years, making it a newly-recognized phenomenon, although it has existed for centuries. This investigation seeks to further our knowledge of femicide and its …
A Model For Understanding Structure Versus Agency In The Participation Of Minors In The Commercial Sex Market, Courtney Thrash
A Model For Understanding Structure Versus Agency In The Participation Of Minors In The Commercial Sex Market, Courtney Thrash
Department of Sociology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
In 2000, the Trafficking Victims Protection Act defined any sex worker under the age of eighteen as a victim of sex trafficking and exploitation, while requiring evidence of coercion for those eighteen and over for the same charge. This definition makes explicit a common conception concerning CSEC, namely, that their status as participants in the sex economy rests upon a lack of personal and legal agency. Research on female sex workers often focuses on their victimization, such as childhood sexual abuse and neglect. Conversely, research on male sex workers often ignores their possible victimization and instead emphasizes their drug use, …
Reflections On Visual Field Research, Kenneth Tunnell
Reflections On Visual Field Research, Kenneth Tunnell
Justice Studies Faculty and Staff Research
This article describes ongoing visual field research by focusing on its self-reflective and auto-ethnographic components. Photographs and field notes are presented and personal encounters from the field are described. Recognizing the symbiotic order of the personal and political, the author details confrontations and emotions from ongoing efforts at recording visually.
Predicting Police Discretion: A Traffic Stop Analysis, Andrew Girard
Predicting Police Discretion: A Traffic Stop Analysis, Andrew Girard
Honors Projects
Examines Donald Black's (1976) theory of pure sociology with data from traffic stops collected over eight months during seventy hours of "ride alongs" with eight different police departments in Rhode Island. Posits that the social structure of each traffic stop is predictable based on observable characteristics of the parties involved and that distance in social space increases the likelihood of a police officer issuing a citation to a driver, while social characteristics similar to that of the police officer reduces the likelihood of a driver receiving a citation. Twenty-one variables throught to impact a police officer's discretion are analyzed. As …
Illegal Dumping: Large And Small Scale Littering In Rural Kentucky, Kenneth D. Tunnell
Illegal Dumping: Large And Small Scale Littering In Rural Kentucky, Kenneth D. Tunnell
Justice Studies Faculty and Staff Research
Illegal dumping, a social problem greatly affecting some rural states, occurs at both the large and small scale as open dump sites and roadside trash. Focusing on Kentucky, a rural state without mandatory trash pickup and a per capita income below and a poverty rate above the national average, this photo essay describes the dumping and littering problem. As is shown, legislative and executive initiatives have made some inroads in large-scale clean up. Some local governments, however, appear apathetic about addressing illegal dumping in their own communities. Kentucky’s litter problem is showing few signs of improvement and roadside littering seemingly …
In Our Own Backyard: Methamphetamine Manufacturing, Trafficking And Abuse In Rural America, Kenneth D. Tunnell, Joseph Donnermeyer
In Our Own Backyard: Methamphetamine Manufacturing, Trafficking And Abuse In Rural America, Kenneth D. Tunnell, Joseph Donnermeyer
Justice Studies Faculty and Staff Research
The abuse of methamphetamine ( or meth) is dramatically evident in the "before and after" faces of meth arrestees. Yet these pictures provide only a glimpse of the larger personal, environmental, and community fallout from methamphetamine use and production, an issue that barely existed 15 years ago in rural America, but has since grown into a large more serious problem.
Socially Disorganized Rural Communities, Kenneth D. Tunnell
Socially Disorganized Rural Communities, Kenneth D. Tunnell
Justice Studies Faculty and Staff Research
The article talks about the social disorganization of rural communities in the U.S. It is stated that family farming has been on the decline for decades, with the numbers of farmers dropping by 16 million since 1950 and farms decreasing by over 4 million during the past century. It is inferred that a part of a community's history and way of life are being forfeited when local business are closing. According to the author, the theory of social disorganization emphasizes social integration and stability as necessary conditions for community. It offers some of the disadvantages of disorganized communities, such as …
Domestic Violence Blame Attributions In The State Of Rhode Island, Kyle Gamache
Domestic Violence Blame Attributions In The State Of Rhode Island, Kyle Gamache
Honors Projects
Focuses on domestic violence blame attitudes in the State of Rhode Island. Using the Domestic Violence Blame Scale (Petretic-Jackson, 1994) and additional variables generated by a survey designed by the researcher, examines the attitudes of domestic violence shelter care workers, police officers, and students.
The Death Of Roy Lee Centers, Kenneth D. Tunnell, Terry C. Cox
The Death Of Roy Lee Centers, Kenneth D. Tunnell, Terry C. Cox
Justice Studies Faculty and Staff Research
"Be it remembered." A simple command yet, in this case, an introduction spoken by the judge in the Breathitt County, Ky., trial of William (Bill) R. Hurst, who killed Roy Lee Centers, a native of Jackson, Kentucky
Toward An Interparadigmatic Dialogue On Goffman, James J. Chriss
Toward An Interparadigmatic Dialogue On Goffman, James J. Chriss
Sociology & Criminology Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Young Parsons And The Mature Habermas, James J. Chriss
The Young Parsons And The Mature Habermas, James J. Chriss
Sociology & Criminology Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Durkheim's Cult Of The Individual As Civil Religion: Its Appropriation By Erving Goffman, James J. Chriss
Durkheim's Cult Of The Individual As Civil Religion: Its Appropriation By Erving Goffman, James J. Chriss
Sociology & Criminology Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Looking Back On Goffman: The Excavation Continues, James J. Chriss
Looking Back On Goffman: The Excavation Continues, James J. Chriss
Sociology & Criminology Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Murder And Capital-Punishment In The Evolving Context Of The Post-Furman Era, Ruth D. Peterson, William C. Bailey
Murder And Capital-Punishment In The Evolving Context Of The Post-Furman Era, Ruth D. Peterson, William C. Bailey
Sociology & Criminology Faculty Publications
In view of (1) escalating national attention, and political and judicial activity centering on capital punishment during the past decade and a half, and (2) concomitant changes in homicides this paper investigates the impact of the death penalty on state homicide rates for the post-Furman period, 1973 -84 The research also addresses the debate over the relative merits of the contiguous state matching strategy versus multiple regression as a means of controlling for the influence of possible confounding factors in examining the capital punishment/homicide relationship. The two approaches yield quite similar results. Consistent with a long line of deterrence research, …