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Articles 1 - 30 of 37
Full-Text Articles in Criminology
Demographic Profile Of Accidental Drug Overdoses In 2020, Jacquelyn Reiss Phd, Amy Donley Phd, Alexandria Mcclarty Ba
Demographic Profile Of Accidental Drug Overdoses In 2020, Jacquelyn Reiss Phd, Amy Donley Phd, Alexandria Mcclarty Ba
Institute for Social and Behavioral Science (ISBS)
This white paper presents a demographic profile of accidental drug overdoses in Orange County, Florida for the year 2020.
The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Well-Being Of People Incarcerated In United States Prisons, Kimberly Rivera
The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Well-Being Of People Incarcerated In United States Prisons, Kimberly Rivera
Department of Sociology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the population as a whole. However, the incarcerated population (which also experiences a variety of health disparities) has been disproportionately affected by the pandemic. Due to overcrowding, poor ventilation, and lack of resources, the incarcerated population already is at a heightened risk for negative health outcomes, made worse by the recent pandemic. To adapt to the rapidly changing conditions during the pandemic in 2020 and into 2022, new safety measures were implemented, but the unintended consequences associated with the implementation of these procedures have yet to be examined empirically. I conducted a qualitative content …
Epidemiological Criminology And Covid: A Transdisciplinary Analysis Of Violent Crime And Emergency Department Admissions During Covid, Lindsey Wylie, Julie D. Garman, Gaylene Armstrong, Ashley Farrens, Jenny Burt, Mark Foxall, Michael Visenio, Macall Cox, Cynthia Hernandex, Charity H. Evans, Ashley Ann Raposo-Hadley
Epidemiological Criminology And Covid: A Transdisciplinary Analysis Of Violent Crime And Emergency Department Admissions During Covid, Lindsey Wylie, Julie D. Garman, Gaylene Armstrong, Ashley Farrens, Jenny Burt, Mark Foxall, Michael Visenio, Macall Cox, Cynthia Hernandex, Charity H. Evans, Ashley Ann Raposo-Hadley
Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
As little is known about the influence of COVID-19 on rates of violent crime, the purpose of this study is to examine violent injury captured by emergency department admissions and by law enforcement in a mid-sized midwestern city (Omaha, Nebraska) from January 2016 to December 2020. Although COVID-19 did not show a direct significant relationship, weeks during the COVID-19 period showed a marginal increase in incident rate ratios for violent incidents in both datasets. While violence remained stable during the pandemic, racial differences between samples were observed. This study emphasizes the utility of a transdisciplinary approach to understand the underlying …
Recent Updates From The Bgsu Police Integrity Research Group, Philip M. Stinson
Recent Updates From The Bgsu Police Integrity Research Group, Philip M. Stinson
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Criminology in Philadelphia, PA on November 17, 2023.
Population-Level Alcohol Consumption And Homicide Rates In Latin America: A Fixed Effects Panel Analysis, 1961-2019, Guillermo J. Escano, William Alex Pridemore
Population-Level Alcohol Consumption And Homicide Rates In Latin America: A Fixed Effects Panel Analysis, 1961-2019, Guillermo J. Escano, William Alex Pridemore
School of Criminal Justice Faculty Scholarship
Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) possesses 8% of the global population but approximately one-third of global homicides. The region also exhibits high per capita alcohol consumption, risky drinking patterns, and a heterogeneous mix of beverage preferences. Despite this, LAC violence receives limited attention in the English-language literature and there are no studies of the population-level alcohol-homicide association in the region. We examined the effects on total, male, and female homicide rates of total and beverage-specific alcohol consumption (22 nations, 1961-2019) and of risky drinking patterns (20 nations, 2005 and 2010). We collected homicide and alcohol data from the World …
Un Análisis De Los Programas De Asistencia Para Varones Que Han Ejercido Violencia De Género En La Área Metropolitana De Buenos Aires (Amba). An Analysis Of Programs Of Assistance For Men Who Have Committed Gender Violence In The Metropolitan Area Of Buenos Aires., Shreya Shrestha
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
La violencia de género es una forma de opresión que tiene graves consecuencias para mujeres, niños y niñas y personas LGBTQ+ tanto en Argentina como en el resto del mundo. Históricamente, las iniciativas de prevención en este tema se han centrado en la asistencia destinada a las víctimas de situaciones de violencia, incluyendo apoyo económico y legal. Sin embargo, el hecho de que casi todos los casos de violencia están cometidos por varones ha iniciado una nueva discusión en las últimas décadas sobre los vínculos entre la masculinidad hegemónica y la violencia, junto con estrategías preventivas con el objetivo de …
Ethnographic Activism And Critical Criminology, David C. Brotherton
Ethnographic Activism And Critical Criminology, David C. Brotherton
Publications and Research
No abstract provided.
An Exploration Of Change Or Stability Over Time (2005-2018) In The Number And Likelihood Of Police Officers Arrested, Dismissed, And Convicted For On- And Off-Duty Misconduct, Adam Watkins, Eric M. Cooke, Philip M. Stinson, John Liederbach
An Exploration Of Change Or Stability Over Time (2005-2018) In The Number And Likelihood Of Police Officers Arrested, Dismissed, And Convicted For On- And Off-Duty Misconduct, Adam Watkins, Eric M. Cooke, Philip M. Stinson, John Liederbach
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
This research was presented at the annual conference of the Midwestern Criminal Justice Association on September 28, 2023, in Chicago, IL.
Heat Mapping Crime: A Data-Driven Approach To Policing In New York, Beruktawit Gebreamlak, Daniel Ochoa
Heat Mapping Crime: A Data-Driven Approach To Policing In New York, Beruktawit Gebreamlak, Daniel Ochoa
altREU Projects
In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, New York City has seen a surge in criminal activities. In 2023, major crime continues to be higher compared to pre-pandemic levels. Although progress is being made to reduce the number of murders and robberies, law enforcement is continuing to struggle with increases in felony assaults and car thefts. Our project serves to benefit members of the community and law enforcement alike. We created a heat map, which is a visual representation of data that uses colors to represent different values. In the context of crime mapping, our heat map is used to …
A Call To Action: Person-Centered Care Aligned With Reproductive Justice For Incarcerated Pregnant People With Substance Use Disorder, Essence Hairston, Aunchalee El Palmquist, Andrea K. Knittel, Kevin Mensah-Biney, Crystal M. Hayes, Amelia Mack, Hendrée E. Jones
A Call To Action: Person-Centered Care Aligned With Reproductive Justice For Incarcerated Pregnant People With Substance Use Disorder, Essence Hairston, Aunchalee El Palmquist, Andrea K. Knittel, Kevin Mensah-Biney, Crystal M. Hayes, Amelia Mack, Hendrée E. Jones
School of Social Work Faculty Publications
Although research has proven that jails and prisons are ineffective in preventing or reducing substance use among pregnant people, the USA continues to rely heavily on the criminal legal system as its intervention. Pregnant people with an opioid use disorder are more likely to experience incarceration than pregnant people without an opioid use disorder. In some states, pregnant people are transported from jail to prison through the process of safekeeping in order to receive physical or mental health care that the jail does not provide, despite conviction status. When pregnant and postpartum safekeepers with an opioid use disorder experience incarceration, …
Disparities In Extreme Contexts: The Impact Of Gender And Mental Health Status On The Criminal Justice Outcomes Of Extremists, Andrea Corradi
Disparities In Extreme Contexts: The Impact Of Gender And Mental Health Status On The Criminal Justice Outcomes Of Extremists, Andrea Corradi
Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology Faculty Publications
Purpose: While disparities in the treatment of individuals in the criminal justice system have been well-documented, due to varying political and legal contexts it is likely that disparities may differ for perpetrators of extremism. This research examines the effects of gender and mental health status on criminal justice outcomes of individuals who have been accused of committing ideologically motivated crimes in the United States. Methods: Using the Extremist Crime Database (ECDB) and logistic and ordinary least-squares (OLS) regression models, this study estimates the effects of these individual characteristics on adjudication method and sentence length, and isolates pre/post-2001 time-periods. Results: The …
Unf@Cking People’S Problems: A Theory Of Policing, Laura Huey, Stephen Johnston
Unf@Cking People’S Problems: A Theory Of Policing, Laura Huey, Stephen Johnston
Sociology Publications
One of the problems that has plagued policing researchers over the past few decades – ourselves included -- is the interminable question of ‘what do police do?’ Some ideas, tasks, roles, institutions and other social creations are easy to define. Policing has not been one of those. In part, it’s because it’s not only a descriptive problem, it’s also a normative one. Once you start to address the question of what do police do, then you also have to wrestle with the much meatier issue of ‘what do we want police to do’? In this paper, we exercise our theory …
Irish Farm Crime Survey, Nicola Hughes Dr, Matt Bowden
Dynamic Risk Trajectories, Community Context, And Juvenile Recidivism, Kevin T. Wolff, Michael T. Baglivio, Jonathan Intravia
Dynamic Risk Trajectories, Community Context, And Juvenile Recidivism, Kevin T. Wolff, Michael T. Baglivio, Jonathan Intravia
Publications and Research
Purpose
While the implementation of risk assessment has expanded, the extent to which there are different trajectories of risk/protective factors among adjudicated youth during supervision in the community remains unanswered. The goal of the current study is to identify the distinct trajectories in dynamic risk and protective factors among youth on probation and assess whether different patterns in risk over time are associated with continued offending.
Method
Group-based trajectory modeling is used to identify distinct trajectories across multiple domains of risk/need. The individual- and neighborhood-level factors associated with these trajectories are then explored, prior to examining their relationship to continued …
Generative Stresnet For Crime Prediction, Ba Phong Tran, Hoong Chuin Lau
Generative Stresnet For Crime Prediction, Ba Phong Tran, Hoong Chuin Lau
Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems
In this work, we combine STResnet (Zhang et al., 2017) with VAE Kingma & Welling (2013) to generate crime distribution. The outputs can be used for downstream tasks such as patrol deployment planning Chase et al. (2021).
The 1985 Move Bombing: A Study In Perspectives, Kaci Delisle
The 1985 Move Bombing: A Study In Perspectives, Kaci Delisle
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
On May 13, 1985, Philadelphia police dropped a military grade bomb on 6221 Osage Avenue, a row house in a Black neighborhood in West Philadelphia. This home was occupied by a revolutionary group called MOVE. The bomb started a fire that the police and firefighters decided to “contain” rather than put out, resulting in the deaths of eleven people and the destruction of sixty-one homes. Only two MOVE members survived the fire. Using court records, documents from the investigation conducted by the Philadelphia Special Investigation Commission (PSIC), and other interviews regarding MOVE and the bombing, this paper reconstructs different perspectives …
The Negative Effect Of Criminal Labeling On Community Reentry In The Harrisonburg Area, Caroline Warren
The Negative Effect Of Criminal Labeling On Community Reentry In The Harrisonburg Area, Caroline Warren
Honors Projects
When a person is convicted of a crime, they are assigned the label of being a criminal. After their conviction, felons are punished for their actions, often through prison sentences, and once these sentences are completed, they are expected to reenter society. However, as described in Labeling Theory, the criminal label carries a social stigma that poses many challenges to successful community reentry. Society’s negative attitudes toward released felons are perpetuated by misguided policies based on the principles of incapacitation and retribution. As a result, criminal offenders are permanently marginalized and face restrictions on housing, employment, and other aspects of …
Making Sense Of Unofficial Deadly Force Data, Justin Nix
Making Sense Of Unofficial Deadly Force Data, Justin Nix
Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Ferguson. Baltimore. Louisville. Minneapolis. Deadly police-civilian encounters over the past decade in these and other U.S. cities have launched presidential task forces and sparked protests, riots, and in some cases, retaliatory violence against officers (e.g., Dallas). Yet shockingly, there still isn’t a comprehensive, official dataset that tracks the use of deadly force by police officers. The absence of such a dataset seems absurd, given the widespread ability to track other information like current employment statistics or when a package will arrive at the recipient’s doorstep. The absence of such a dataset makes it too easy for people with large platforms …
An Experimental Look At Reasonable Suspicion And Police Discretion, Kyle Mclean, Justin Nix, Seth W. Stoughton, Ian T. Adams, Geoffrey P. Alpert
An Experimental Look At Reasonable Suspicion And Police Discretion, Kyle Mclean, Justin Nix, Seth W. Stoughton, Ian T. Adams, Geoffrey P. Alpert
Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Purpose
This study aims to demonstrate the need for further examination of legal judgments and the exercise of discretion in policing.
Design/methodology/approach
A factorial vignette survey with traffic stop scenarios based on US Court of Appeals decisions was administered to 396 police officers across six states. Officers were asked to indicate their assessment of the presence of reasonable suspicion and the likelihood that they would extend the stop for investigatory purposes.
Findings
Officers' reasonable suspicion judgments are significantly influenced by the vignette facts and align with court ruling expectations. However, even in the presence of reasonable suspicion, responses indicate a …
Police Funding In The Mountain West, 2020-2022, Lana Kojoian, Miguel Soriano Ralston, Annie Vong, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.
Police Funding In The Mountain West, 2020-2022, Lana Kojoian, Miguel Soriano Ralston, Annie Vong, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.
Criminal Justice
This fact sheet examines data from Third Way’s report “The Red City Defund Police Problem” which provides information on police funding and other metrics on police forces. The original report offers a review of police funding and operating budgets for the 25 largest Democrat-run cities and 25 largest Republican-run cities in the U.S. This fact sheet includes police force data for 10 Mountain West cities (Aurora, CO; Chandler, AZ; Colorado Springs, CO; Denver, CO; Glendale, AZ; Gilbert, AZ; Las Vegas, NV; Mesa, AZ; North Las Vegas, NV; and Phoenix, AZ).
The Quest To End Human Trafficking: An Educational And Practical Guide For Everyone Who Wants To Help Break The Bonds And Assist Survivors, Dennis W. Mccarty
The Quest To End Human Trafficking: An Educational And Practical Guide For Everyone Who Wants To Help Break The Bonds And Assist Survivors, Dennis W. Mccarty
Emergency Preparedness, Homeland Security, and Cybersecurity Faculty Scholarship
People often assume that only legislators and law enforcement personnel can take meaningful steps to fight human trafficking, one of the most lucrative transnational crimes in the world. This inquiry sought to assess the validity of that belief. The study was informed by the author’s experience as a college instructor of human trafficking and the inspiration he drew from the range and quality of his students’ projects.
The methodology included examining the strategies that governmental and non-governmental organizations are using to fight trafficking and assist survivors. It also considered the work of individual activists and service providers such as social …
Off-Duty And Under Arrest: An Exploratory Study Of The Arrests Of Off-Duty Police Officers, 2005-2017, Taylor E. Henn, Chloe A. Wentzlof, Philip M. Stinson
Off-Duty And Under Arrest: An Exploratory Study Of The Arrests Of Off-Duty Police Officers, 2005-2017, Taylor E. Henn, Chloe A. Wentzlof, Philip M. Stinson
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences in National Harbor, MD, on March 17, 2023.
Family Violence Committed By Law Enforcement Officers In The United States, 2005-2017, Madison Raye Engelbert, Chloe A. Wentzlof, Philip M. Stinson
Family Violence Committed By Law Enforcement Officers In The United States, 2005-2017, Madison Raye Engelbert, Chloe A. Wentzlof, Philip M. Stinson
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences in National Harbor, MD, on March 17, 2023.
Police Crime Against Sex Workers In The United States, 2005-2017, Jillian G. Grzywna, Chloe A. Wentzlof, Philip M. Stinson
Police Crime Against Sex Workers In The United States, 2005-2017, Jillian G. Grzywna, Chloe A. Wentzlof, Philip M. Stinson
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences in National Harbor, MD, on March 17, 2023.
An Exploratory Study Of Police Officers Arrested For Sex-Related Crimes, 2005-2017, Leah M. Jolliffe, Chloe A. Wentzlof, Philip M. Stinson
An Exploratory Study Of Police Officers Arrested For Sex-Related Crimes, 2005-2017, Leah M. Jolliffe, Chloe A. Wentzlof, Philip M. Stinson
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences in National Harbor, MD, on March 17, 2023.
The Interconnectedness Of Criminal Offenses Committed By Law Enforcement Officers, 2005-2017, Jonathan R. Kutz, Chloe A. Wentzlof, Philip M. Stinson
The Interconnectedness Of Criminal Offenses Committed By Law Enforcement Officers, 2005-2017, Jonathan R. Kutz, Chloe A. Wentzlof, Philip M. Stinson
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences in National Harbor, MD, on March 17, 2023.
Rural Police Crime 2005-2017, Chloe A. Wentzlof, Philip M. Stinson, John Liederbach
Rural Police Crime 2005-2017, Chloe A. Wentzlof, Philip M. Stinson, John Liederbach
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences in National Harbor, MD, on March 17, 2023.
With Liberty And Justice For The Wealthy: The Criminalization Of The American Poor, Ashlyn Dickmeyer
With Liberty And Justice For The Wealthy: The Criminalization Of The American Poor, Ashlyn Dickmeyer
Honors Theses
The last phrase of the Pledge of Allegiance states “with liberty and justice for all”. However, not everyone has access to this liberty and justice. Liberty and justice can be bought in this country for a price, and those who can’t afford to pay it are often left in the hands of those who can. One of the most prominent ways to see this is by analyzing the criminal justice system. Despite clauses in the Fourteenth Amendment and court cases like Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) establishing and upholding that the poor are entitled to equal treatment within the criminal justice …
Volusia County, Fl Mental Health And Substance Use Disorder Treatment Gap Analysis, Amy Donley Phd, Jacquelyn Fernandez-Reiss, Caroline Austin
Volusia County, Fl Mental Health And Substance Use Disorder Treatment Gap Analysis, Amy Donley Phd, Jacquelyn Fernandez-Reiss, Caroline Austin
Institute for Social and Behavioral Science (ISBS)
The University of Central Florida's Institute for Social and Behavioral Science (ISBS) partnered with Volusia County to undertake a gap analysis focused on mental health and substance use disorder treatment. Specifically, we designed a study to determine the capacity of treatment options, identify barriers to seeking treatment, and illuminate what works particularly well. The gap analysis results can guide future decisions on allocating resources best to ensure that treatment is accessible to all in need.
The Theorizing Of Terrorism Within Criminology, Daren Fisher, Erin M. Kearns
The Theorizing Of Terrorism Within Criminology, Daren Fisher, Erin M. Kearns
Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications
Objectives. While terrorism studies were once castigated as atheoretical and unempirical, criminology has been well suited to apply theories of crime to terrorism and to then test those theories with rigorous methods and robust data. The present study takes stock of how criminologists have theorized about terrorism and tested those theories over time in 13 of the discipline’s leading journals. Methods. The study systematically examines theoretical framing, hypotheses, methodological approach, focus within criminology and criminal justice, and policy recommendations in terrorism-focused articles. Results. While terrorism has become more central within top journals, sparse attention has been paid to many criminological …