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Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Criminology
The Comparative Lethality Of Two Disparate World Regions : An Examination Of Latin America And Europe To Explain Discrepant Homicide Trends, Karise Marie Curtis
The Comparative Lethality Of Two Disparate World Regions : An Examination Of Latin America And Europe To Explain Discrepant Homicide Trends, Karise Marie Curtis
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Within recent decades, homicide rates in Latin American nations have strongly diverged from those of European nations. The former experienced a sharp increase in the last two decades, while the latter have experienced the oft-characterized “modern crime decline.” However, few studies have endeavored to explain this divergence, and many that do often attribute any differences to a regional dummy variable said to characterize some unique phenomenon occurring in the region (i.e., machismo) without modeling specifically for levels of said phenomenon. As such, this study uses a panel extension of a well-known homicide model (Land, McCall, & Cohen, 1990) in a …
The Impacts Of Hiv-Specific Criminal Laws On Hiv Serostatus Disclosure, Risk Behaviors, And Hiv Testing, Shao-Chiu Juan
The Impacts Of Hiv-Specific Criminal Laws On Hiv Serostatus Disclosure, Risk Behaviors, And Hiv Testing, Shao-Chiu Juan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Before the advent of anti-retroviral therapy (ART), many states enacted and strictly enforced laws that criminalized HIV transmission. These laws were enacted to prevent HIV-infected individuals from knowingly transmitting the virus to the uninfected. Over the past two decades, however, questions have been raised regarding the effectiveness of HIV criminalization and its unintended consequences. For example, there is little evidence that the criminalization of HIV transmission has been effective in reducing the spread of the disease, particularly when compared to education and other prevention efforts. Moreover, stigmatization associated with criminalization may actually undermine public health efforts. The dissertation aims to …
Perceptions Of Justice : Views Of Jailed Defendants On Procedural And Distributive Justice, Kirstin Anne Morgan
Perceptions Of Justice : Views Of Jailed Defendants On Procedural And Distributive Justice, Kirstin Anne Morgan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The current study examines defendant perceptions of their recent experiences in one of two criminal courts in an urban-suburban county. Forty-three interviews were conducted with jail sentenced participants, during which they were asked about the perceived fairness of the case process and outcomes, as well as their relationship with their defense attorney for the case. This study was undertaken to answer four research questions: 1) Are the concepts of procedural and distributive justice related from the defendant perspective? 2) Are perceptions of procedural justice related to satisfaction with case outcomes? 3) Are perceptions of procedural justice related to satisfaction with …
An Exploration Of Caregiver Engagement In Residential Treatment For Youth, Raquel Moriarty Derrick
An Exploration Of Caregiver Engagement In Residential Treatment For Youth, Raquel Moriarty Derrick
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Support for caregiver engagement in their child’s residential treatment is widespread and growing because of the benefits of caregiver engagement to a youth’s treatment process. This dissertation explores the construct of caregiver engagement, defined as caregiver motivation and expectation for their child’s treatment, caregiver bond with staff and caregiver collaboration on treatment goals and tasks among a cohort of 101 caregivers with a child in a Residential Treatment Center (RTC). Mixed methods were used to qualitatively and quantitatively explore caregiver perspectives and experiences that contribute to or detract from their level of engagement in their child’s treatment process. Findings reveal …
The Criminological Implications Of Moral Foundations, Jasmine Renee Silver
The Criminological Implications Of Moral Foundations, Jasmine Renee Silver
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Judgments about morality play an important role in several areas of crime and justice. This dissertation applies Haidt’s Moral Foundations Theory (MFT)—which posits that judgments about morality are intuitive and pluralistic—to develop a theoretical framework for understanding the role of moral cognition in shaping attitudes and behaviors related to crime and justice. I also draw on research suggesting that people make moral judgments separately about moral agents (e.g., offenders) and moral patients (e.g., victims). Specifically, via an offender-centered theoretical framework, I argue that endorsement of moral foundations that promote moral concerns that are specific to one’s ingroup (a binding motive) …
Social Control, Family Structure, And Juvenile Delinquency In Fragile Families, Alison Van Glad
Social Control, Family Structure, And Juvenile Delinquency In Fragile Families, Alison Van Glad
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Families come in many different structures and sizes, therefore; it is critical to examine how families impact children. Empirical research has shown that a child’s upbringing has the potential to influence delinquent behavior. However, existing literature using Fragile Families has not tested this association at the most recent wave. This thesis examines the relationship between family structure, relationships with parents, conventional beliefs, parental incarceration and juvenile delinquency at age 15 using Hirschi’s social control theory. Data from year 15 of Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing is employed to test these relationships using ordinary least squares regression models. Models one through …