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Science and Technology Studies Commons™
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- Sociology of Science / Sociología de la Ciencia (3)
- Sociología de la ciencia (2)
- Applied sociology (1)
- Cultural theory (1)
- Emerging technologies (1)
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- Encuestas (1)
- España (1)
- History of Science and Technology (1)
- Nanotechnology (1)
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- Policy analysis, cultural theory (1)
- Privacy and Data Protection (1)
- Public research organizations. institutional change (1)
- R&D policy (1)
- Science and Innovacion Policy / Políticas de Ciencia e Innovación (1)
- Sociology of science (1)
- Sociología de la tecnología (1)
- Ubiquitous Computing (1)
- United States (1)
- Vaccine research; Georgia; bibliometrics (1)
Articles 1 - 9 of 9
Full-Text Articles in Science and Technology Studies
R&D Policy In The United States: The Promotion Of Nanotechnology, Philip Shapira, Jue Wang
R&D Policy In The United States: The Promotion Of Nanotechnology, Philip Shapira, Jue Wang
Philip Shapira
This case study reviews the evolution of nanotechnology policies and programmes in the United States with a particular focus on three thematic areas: governance, interactions among R&D policies, and interaction between R&D policy and non-R&D policies. Federal R&D policy in nanotechnology has moved through several stages, including initial exploration before the 1980s, the promotion of scientific and technological breakthroughs in the 1980s, policy development in the 1990s and multiagency national initiatives in the 2000s. Since 2001, the major federal R&D policy mechanism in nanotechnology in the US has been the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI). NNI promotes policy deliberation and, most …
Defining A Research Domain In An Emerging Technology: Vaccine Research In The State Of Georgia, Shannon Barker, Jan Youtie, Philip Shapira
Defining A Research Domain In An Emerging Technology: Vaccine Research In The State Of Georgia, Shannon Barker, Jan Youtie, Philip Shapira
Philip Shapira
This paper presents an approach for measuring emerging technologies in the context of mature industries. In particular, this article focuses on vaccine-related research. Although vaccines comprise an established industry, new developments in biotechnology have led to emerging area in vaccine R&D, including therapeutic vaccines; subunit and DNA-based vaccines; advances in vaccine delivery; and new methodologies for vaccine design, manufacturing, and testing. Defining this field is challenging because it spans multiple disciplines, including biotechnology, public health, and epidemiology. To gain an understanding of the field as it is related to biomedical research, we focused our study parameters to concentrate on these …
The Production Of Knowledge In Applied Sociology, Manuel Fernández-Esquinas
The Production Of Knowledge In Applied Sociology, Manuel Fernández-Esquinas
Manuel Fernández-Esquinas
This paper examines knowledge resulting from applied sociology, namely from sociological research oriented towards resolving practical problems rather than providing new contributions to our understanding of social phenomena. Departing from James Coleman’s analytical distinction between ‘the world of discipline’ and ‘the world of action’, I draw a conceptual framework which depicts the main dimensions of typical organizational arrangements for doing basic and applied sociological work. Secondly, I analyze applied sociology as a set of social and political conditions where research is produced. These conditions usually give rise to descriptions and, on occasions, to empirical generalizations, whereas results contrasting important theoretical …
La Encuesta Como Tecnología Social, Manuel Fernández-Esquinas, Rafaela Sotomayor-Lozano
La Encuesta Como Tecnología Social, Manuel Fernández-Esquinas, Rafaela Sotomayor-Lozano
Manuel Fernández-Esquinas
Este artículo realiza un análisis de las encuestas sociales entendidas como tecnología social. Las encuestas no son exactamente una ciencia. Son tecnologías que aúnan un conjunto de conocimientos procedentes de varias disciplinas con un objetivo práctico. Para ello se requieren formas organizativas que articulan recursos materiales y humanos para producir un resultado aceptable en un periodo de tiempo y con unos recursos limitados. Desde este punto de vista, el artículo se divide en dos partes. La primera parte se ocupa de la necesidad de combinar adecuadamente varios tipos de conocimientos para obtener resultados de calidad en las encuestas. Se tratan …
Organizational And Functional Dilemmas In Large Public Research Centers: The Spanish National Research Council Csic, Manuel Fernández-Esquinas, Jesús Sebastián, Javier López-Facal, Enrique Tortosa-Martorell
Organizational And Functional Dilemmas In Large Public Research Centers: The Spanish National Research Council Csic, Manuel Fernández-Esquinas, Jesús Sebastián, Javier López-Facal, Enrique Tortosa-Martorell
Manuel Fernández-Esquinas
What factors affect the organizational models of the large national public research centers? How does organizational change affect the nature of the scientific activities they perform? This article uses the Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) to illustrate an institutional change process taking into account the tension that exists between the public status of research centers and the high level of independence of its scientific communities. The main purpose is to explain how changes in the CSIC’s internal power structure, along with the relationships with external funding and evaluation agencies, cause those research practices considered most legitimate to emerge and …
Sociología Del Conocimiento, De La Ciencia Y De La Tecnología En España, María Teresa González-De-La-Fe, Cristóbal Torres-Albero, Manuel Fernández-Esquinas
Sociología Del Conocimiento, De La Ciencia Y De La Tecnología En España, María Teresa González-De-La-Fe, Cristóbal Torres-Albero, Manuel Fernández-Esquinas
Manuel Fernández-Esquinas
No abstract provided.
Applied Cultural Theory As A Tool In Policy Analysis, Robert Hoppe
Applied Cultural Theory As A Tool In Policy Analysis, Robert Hoppe
Robert Hoppe
No abstract provided.
Vom Rechenautomaten Zum Elektronischen Medium: Eine Kurze Geschichte Des Interaktiven Computers, Michael Friedewald
Vom Rechenautomaten Zum Elektronischen Medium: Eine Kurze Geschichte Des Interaktiven Computers, Michael Friedewald
Michael Friedewald
No abstract provided.
Privacy, Identity And Security In Ambient Intelligence: A Scenario Analysis, Michael Friedewald, Elena Vildjiounaite, Yves Punie, David Wright
Privacy, Identity And Security In Ambient Intelligence: A Scenario Analysis, Michael Friedewald, Elena Vildjiounaite, Yves Punie, David Wright
Michael Friedewald
The success of Ambient Intelligence (AmI) will depend on how secure it can be made, how privacy and other rights of indi- viduals can be protected and how individuals can come to trust the intelligent world that surrounds them and through which they move. This article addresses these issues by analysing scenarios for ambient intelligence applications that have been developed over the last few years. It elaborates the assumptions that promotors make about the likely use of the technology and possibly unwanted side effects. It concludes with a number of threats for personal privacy that become evident.