Science and Technology Studies Commons^™

Proyecto De Investigación: La Primera Agencia Espacial Mexicana: La Comisión Nacional Del Espacio Exterior (1962-1977), J. R. Joel Flores-Mariscal

J. R. Joel Flores-Mariscal

No abstract provided.

Proyecto De Investigación: Los Mexicanos En Las Operaciones De La Segunda Guerra Mundial, J. R. Joel Flores-Mariscal

J. R. Joel Flores-Mariscal

No abstract provided.

The Future Of Digital Communications Research And Policy, Scott J. Wallsten

Scott J. Wallsten

No abstract provided.

Residential And Business Broadband Prices Part 2: International Comparisons, Scott J. Wallsten, James Riso

Scott J. Wallsten

For this project, we assemble a new dataset consisting of more than 25,000 residential and business broadband plans from all OECD countries from 2007–2009. We explore three issues: the relationship between plan components—such as metering—and consumer prices, price changes over time, and how broadband prices vary across countries.

This paper, part 2 of the project, studies prices and price changes over time in the United States and other OECD countries. We find that residential prices in the U.S. remained fairly stable overall in this time period for both standalone and triple play (voice, video, and data) plans, though prices for …

Between Market And State: Directions In Social Science Research On Disaster, Daniel P. Aldrich

Daniel P Aldrich

In this extended review, I discuss three recent books on disaster: Governing after Crisis: The Politics of Investigation, Accountability, and Learning edited by Arjen Boin, Allan McConnell, and Paul ‘T Hart, Learning from Catastrophes: Strategies for Reaction and Response , edited by Howard Kunreuther and Micheel Useem, and The Next Catastrophe: Reducing Our Vulnerabilities to Natural, Industrial, and Terrorist Disasters by Charles Perrow. All three books invoke the market and state as core forces at work in mitigation and disaster recovery, overlooking the critical role of social capital.

First Annual Invention2venture (I2v) Apprentice Challenge Workshop (2010)

Paul Swamidass

In a nutshell, a number of AU student teams, after an introduction from experts on starting and running a business, were challenged along the lines of Mr. Trump’s TV show, “The Apprentice,” to start a business and produce income in 72 hours with $100 seed investment given to each team. The teams delivered, and in the process gained hands-on experience in entrepreneurship; the teams returned the seed investment and kept the profits. Two teams were rewarded.

Product Concept To Complete Business Plan In Three Months In An Ug Course For Business + Engineering Students, Paul Swamidass, Nels Madsen, P.K. Raju, Jackie Dipofi

Paul Swamidass

sophomores/juniors work in multi-disciplinary teams to conceive and select a technology-intensive product, develop a project schedule, conduct market research and survey, complete product engineering/design, make manufacturing/sourcing decisions, estimate demand for five years, develop production/sourcing capacity, estimate investment needed and 5-yr cash flow as part of a business plan in 3 months; the business plan presentation is judged by a panel. The course is called Introduction to Business and Engineering but it is a holistic Technology Ventures course that prepares engineering and business students to partner together in bringing a technology-intensive product to the market. This course can be easily adopted …

Residential And Business Broadband Prices: Data Appendix, Scott J. Wallsten, James Riso

Scott J. Wallsten

No abstract provided.

Del Derecho Y La Economía Al Derecho Económico. Working Paper N. 1, Mario A. Pinzón Mapc

Mario A Pinzón Camargo

La relación entre derecho y economía se ha condensado en un nuevo espacio de reflexión que puede ser denominado como un nuevo paradigma en las ciencias sociales. A diferencia de la concepción clásica que plantea el antagonismo entre estas dos, éste artículo examina su complementariedad. The link between law and economics has been condensed in a new space of reflection that can be called a new paradigm within the social sciences, which intends to build the bridges of understanding between these two sciences. In contrast to the classical conception that states the antagonism in between them, due to their constitutive …

Puntos De Encuentro Y Apoyo De La Nueva Economía Institucional En El Análisis De Las Políticas Públicas. Working Paper N. 2, Mario A. Pinzón Mapc

Mario A Pinzón Camargo

Este artículo tiene como propósito analizar el grado de utilidad de una de las vertientes del Análisis Económico del Derecho, la Nueva Economía Institucional, en el Análisis de Políticas Públicas.

Graphene Research Profile: Uk And Us Publications, 2000-2010, Philip Shapira, Jan Youtie, Stephen Carley

Philip Shapira

In this document we provide an overview of graphene research that appears in the Web of Science (WOS) during the timeframe 2000 to 2010, inclusive. WOS databases that contain graphene research articles include SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI and A&HCI. The search strategy used in this profile was a simple one: all WOS articles from 2000 to 2010 whose title contained the keyword ‘graphene’ were downloaded and analyzed using VantagePoint textmining software. The search strategy used resulted in a total of 4,706 publications spanning 11 years, 313 journals, 78 countries, 1,433 institutional affiliations and 7,617 authors. After a brief presentation of global results, …

Communication And Collaboration In E-Science Projects, Peter Darch, Matteo Turilli, Marina Jirotka

Peter Darch

Collaborative projects, such as e-Science projects producing software and tools to support the work of scientists, involve the management and coordination of work of a wide range of personnel, and also involve these personnel working together on joint activities. Effective communication practices are essential for the success of e-Science projects, for a number of reasons and in a number of different senses. For instance, there will be many one-way transfers of information, such as project management informing new personnel of the project’s vision and goals, the communication of work plans (including individuals’ roles, the model of software development employed by …

The Role Of Knowledge Management In The Strategic Alignment Of Information Technology With Business: An Alternative And Complementary View, Fernando Paulo Belfo

Fernando Paulo Belfo

The Information Technology (IT) team knowledge of business strategy and the organization team knowledge of information technology are critical factors in the strategic business and IT alignment (BIA). These two factors have in common precisely the importance of "knowledge". The Information Technology team lack of knowledge about business and its strategy and vice-versa should be a major concern for the organization, since this knowledge strongly affects the possibility of an appropriate strategic alignment between business and the IT. It is significantly important to create an enabling environment for the growth of shared knowledge of the business area, encouraging professional IT …

Faculty Success: Developing A Research And Publication Agenda, Kathleen P. King

Kathleen P King

Anyone associated with higher education will acknowledge that tenure track faculty have to perform a fantastic balancing act. Compared to an administrative or line role in an organization, higher education faculty have tremendous autonomy and freedom. However, they face competing demands of many different (and good) opportunities, and for them the stakes are always high. Help is here! This article introduces a powerful strategy for staying on track in the research strand of this competitive journey.

Birdstrike Mitigation - Beyond The Airport, Paul Eschenfelder, Russ Defusco

Paul F. Eschenfelder

No abstract provided.

The Power Of People: Social Capital’S Role In Recovery From The 1995 Kobe Earthquake, Daniel P. Aldrich

Daniel P Aldrich

Despite the regularity of disasters, social science has only begun to generate replicable knowledge about the factors which facilitate post-crisis recovery. Building on the broad variation in recovery rates within disaster-affected cities, I investigate the ability of Kobe’s nine wards to repopulate after the 1995 Kobe earthquake in Japan. This article uses case studies of neighborhoods in Kobe alongside new time-series, cross-sectional data set to test five variables thought to influence recovery along with the relatively untested factor of social capital. Controlling for damage, population density, economic conditions, inequality and other variables thought important in past research, social capital proves …

Politiques Envers Les Migrants Hautement Qualifiés: Analyse Comparée Du Canada, Etats-Unis Et Union Européenne, Hristina Petrova

Hristina Petrova

My Master’s thesis is among the few, if not the only work which examines in comparative perspective the public policies of Canada, USA and EU (EU level) in the field of highly skilled migration. I find that this type of migration is understudied, not supported by any of the migration-related organizations, most probably due to its business nature. The triple case study explores the Canadian federal points-based system and the Provincial Programs; the US Green Cards and the H-1B visas; and the EU directive concerning the Blue Cards. My original contribution to the field goes as far as I dwell …

An Economic Overview Of The Implications For Online Video Of The Proposed Comcast-Nbcu Transaction, Scott J. Wallsten

Scott J. Wallsten

No abstract provided.

Ubiquitäres Computing – Vision Einer Von Informationstechnologie Durchdrungenen Welt, Michael Friedewald

Michael Friedewald

Das Ubiquitäre Computing hat seine Wurzeln in den wegweisenden Arbeiten von Mark Weiser, der bis zu seinem Tod 1999 als leitender Wissenschaftler am Xerox-Forschungszentrum im Silicon Valley tätig war. Er propagierte schon 1991 in einem visionären Artikel im »Scientific American« den allgegenwärtigen Com- puter, der unsichtbar und unaufdringlich den Menschen bei seinen Tätigkeiten unterstützt und ihn von lästigen Routineaufgaben weitestgehend befreit. Der Computer als sichtbares Gerät sollte nach Weisers Auffassung verschwinden, dessen informationsverarbeitende Funktionalität aber überall verfügbar sein. Heute scheinen wir auf dem Weg dahin schon weit vorangekommen zu sein.

Mother Earth "Speaks": Change Yourself, Change The World, Use The Archetypal Energy "Harmony" As A Guide, Carroy U. Ferguson

Carroy U "Cuf" Ferguson, Ph.D.

In relation to the Cosmos, we all, as human beings, live on this tiny planet we call Earth, a planet that supports and sustains life, as we know it. There are many different kinds of people, plants, and animals functioning in harmony with soil, air, and water--all linked to one another in a complex web of life to form one Earth community. Unfortunately, we often take this miracle and ecosystem of life for granted. When, however, we take the ecosystem of life too much for granted, Mother Earth "speaks," reflecting imbalances and dis-harmonies. When Mother Earth "speaks," her message is …

Communication And Collaboration In E-Science Projects: A Report From The 'Embedding E-Science: Designing And Managing For Usability' Project, Peter Darch, Matteo Turilli, Sharon Lloyd, Marina Jirotka, Grace De La Flor

Peter Darch

No abstract provided.

Shared Understandings In E-Science Projects: A Report From The 'Embedding E-Science Applications: Designing And Managing For Usability' Project, Peter Darch, Annamaria Carusi, Sharon Lloyd, Marina Jirotka, Grace De La Flor, Ralph Schroeder, Eric Meyer

Peter Darch

No abstract provided.

Letter To Faa Administrator Re: Usair 1549 Crash, Paul F. Eschenfelder, Russell P. Defusco Phd, Richard Sowden

Paul F. Eschenfelder

No abstract provided.

The Data Conservancy: Science-Driven Information Science, Christine L. Borgman, Carole L. Palmer

Christine L. Borgman

The Data Conservancy –which is a National Science Foundation funded Datanet project with a diverse array of partners – embraces a shared vision: data curation is not an end, but rather a means to collect, organize, validate, and preserve data to address grand research challenges that face society. Key to the data conservancy approach is information science research on the data practices of the science domains. Three teams are conducting social studies of individual science domains. Prof. Carole Palmer of the University of Illinois will report on their comparative studies of multiple biosciences domains. Prof. Christine Borgman of the University …

Key Knowledge Providers As Sources Of Business Innovation, Manuel Fernández-Esquinas, Carmen Merchán-Hernández, Irene Ramos-Vielba, Cristina Martínez-Fernández

Manuel Fernández-Esquinas

Studies of innovation are giving increasing attention to the relationships that businesses maintain with different participants in the innovation process. It is generally assumed that interaction with other businesses, universities and government organizations can generate knowledge that will improve the ability to innovate. However, there is little evidence of the specific roles that businesses assign to partners with regard to the provision of knowledge for innovation activities. This paper presents results from research on the dynamics of Triple Helix networks, where such networks provide the basis for building innovation capacity for businesses in catch-up geographical regions. The principal assumption is …

Fixing Recovery: Social Capital In Post-Crisis Resilience, Daniel P. Aldrich

Daniel P Aldrich

Disasters remain among the most critical events which impact residents and their neighborhoods; they have killed far more individuals than high salience issues such as terrorism. Unfortunately, disaster recovery programs run by the United States and foreign governments have not been updated to reflect a new understanding of the essential nature of social capital and networks. I call for a re-orientation of disaster preparedness and recovery programs at all levels away from the standard fixes focused on physical infrastructure towards ones targeting social infrastructure. The reservoirs of social capital and the trust (or lack thereof) between citizens in disaster-affected communities …

The Digital Future Is Now: What The Humanities Can Learn From Escience, Christine L. Borgman

Christine L. Borgman

As the digital humanities mature, their scholarship is taking on many characteristics of the sciences, becoming more data-intensive, information-intensive, distributed, multi-disciplinary, and collaborative. While few scholars in the humanities or arts would wish to be characterized as emulating scientists, they do envy the comparatively rich technical and resource infrastructure of the sciences. The interests of all scholars in the university align with respect to access to data, library resources, and computing infrastructure. However, the scholarly interests of the sciences and humanities diverge regarding research practices, sources of evidence, and degrees of control over those sources. This talk will explore the …

The Digital Archive: The Data Deluge Arrives In The Humanities, Christine L. Borgman

Christine L. Borgman

The data deluge has began to overwhelm the sciences, as instruments such as sensor networks and space telescopes are generating far more data than can possibly be inspected manually. Only digital tools can make sense of these vast volumes of data. As the humanities draw more heavily on digital archives, their scholarship is taking on many characteristics of the sciences, becoming more data-intensive, information-intensive, distributed, multi-disciplinary, and collaborative. However, the humanities typically lack the technical infrastructure available to the sciences. The scholarly interests of the sciences and humanities also diverge with respect to research practices, sources of evidence, and degrees …

Meta-Level Institutions Impacting Ict Innovation In Developing Economies: Intellectual Property, Sarah Kerr, Richard Boateng Phd

Richard Boateng PhD

Participation in the current informational economy is through innovation. Innovation is impacted by institutions, both enabling and constraining productivity. Meta-level institutions are increasing in significance with the inter-linking of national economies through processes of globalisation. Intellectual property (IP) and the digital commons (DC) are two meta-level institutions impacting information and communication technology (ICT) innovation in developing economies through increasing and decreasing innovation process transformation costs. Seen through a case study examination of the Simputer's innovation, IP motivates ICT innovation, by both acting as a normative institution and by offering economic rewards, decreasing transformation costs through increasing access to innovation inputs. …

A New Concept For Privacy In The Light Of Emerging Sciences And Technologies, Michael Friedewald

Michael Friedewald

Privacy is recognized as a fundamental human right. It underpins human dignity and other values such as freedom of association and freedom of speech. It has become one of the most important human rights of the modern age. However, privacy is challenged in the net- worked society. New technologies undermine the individual right because they facilitate to collect, store, process and combine personal data for the use of security agencies but also of businesses. In many cases this means that the notion of privacy is losing its value. Thus a new concept seems to be necessary.