Recreation, Parks and Tourism Administration Commons^™

Water Project Financing Needs In Colorado, J. William Mcdonald

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

12 pages.

Financing Water Projects: Where Do We Go From Here?: A Panel Discussion [Colorado House Bill No. 1088, As Amended 4/15/85], Chris Paulson

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

4 pages.

Contains text of Colorado House Bill No.1088, as amended 4/15/85.

The Endangered Species Act And Western Water Projects, Lawrence J. Macdonnell

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

20 pages.

Contains references.

Financing Water Projects: Where Do We Go From Here?, Henry P. Caulfield, Jr.

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

16 pages.

Unresolved Issues In Federal Reserved Rights, Michael D. White

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

12 pages.

Putting Indian Reservation Water Rights To Use, Richard B. Collins

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

10 pages.

Representing The Water Client [Outline], David W. Robbins

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

3 pages.

Legal Implications Of Instream Flows And Other Nonconsumptive Uses, Steven J. Shupe

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

14 pages.

The Public Trust Doctrine: Conflict With Traditional Western Water Law?, Harrison C. Dunning

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

24 pages.

Contains references.

Inefficiency, Waste, And Loss: Water Supplies Of The Future?, John W. Krautkraemer

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

24 pages.

Contains references.

Interstate Transfers Of Water: Opportunities And Obstables [Sic], A. Dan Tarlock

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

34 pages.

Western Ground Water Law: Overview And Recent Developments, J. David Aiken

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

27 pages.

Federal And State Regulation Of Activities Affecting Water Quality, Julia B. Epley

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

54 pages.

The Prior Appropriation System In Western Water Law: The Law Viewed Through The Example Of The Rio Grande Basin, James N. Corbridge Jr., Charles F. Wilkinson

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

17 pages.

Contains references.

Administering Water Rights: The Permit System, Lawrence J. Wolfe

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

69 pages.

Contains references.

Agenda: Western Water Law In Transition, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

Conference organizers and/or faculty included University of Colorado School of Law professors James N. Corbridge, Jr., Lawrence J. MacDonnell, Richard B. Collins, David H. Getches and Charles F. Wilkinson.

The prior appropriation doctrine has governed the allocation and use of water in the western United States since the 1850s. The shifting nature of water demand is bringing about changes in the traditional legal system. This conference will consider the fundamental principles of the prior appropriation doctrine together with the important new developments in the law now underway throughout the West.

Administering Water Rights: The Colorado System, Raymond L. Petros

Western Water Law in Transition (Summer Conference, June 3-5)

140 pages (includes illustrations and maps).

Contains bibliography.

Simulation Analyses Of Space Use: Home Range Estimates, Variability, And Sample Size, Marc Bekoff, L. David Mech

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

Simulations of space use by animals were run to determine the relationship among home range area estimates, variability, and sample size (number of locations). As sample size increased, home range size increased asymptotically, whereas variability decreased among mean home range area estimates generated by multiple simulations for the same sample size. Our results suggest that field workers should ascertain between 100 and 200 locations in order to estimate reliably home range area. In some cases, this suggested guideline is higher than values found in the few published studies in which the relationship between home range area and number of locations …

An Analysis Of Howling Response Parameters Useful For Wolf Pack Censusing, Fred H. Harrington, L. David Mech

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

Gray wolves (Canis lupus) were studied from April 1972 through April 1974 in National Forest in northeastern Minnesota by radio-tracking and simulated howling. Based during 217 of 456 howling sessions, the following recommendations were derived for using howling as a census technique: (1) the best times of day are dusk and night; (2) July, August, and are the best months; (3) precipitation and winds greater than 12 km/hour should be avoided; (of 5 single howls should be used, alternating "flat" and "breaking" howls; (5) trials should 3 times at about 2-minute intervals with the first trial at lower …

Dynamics, Movements, And Feeding Ecology Of A Newly Protected Wolf Population In Northwestern Minnesota, Steven H. Fritts, L. David Mech

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

The gray wolf Canis lupus occupies only about 1 percent of its former range in the lower 48 states (Mech 1974a). Most of the range is in northern Minnesota, where the resident population is classified as "threatened" by the U.S. Department of the Interior. Wolves have been and will continue to be the subject of considerable controversy in Minnesota.

The first scientific study of wolves in Minnesota was conducted by Olson (1938a,b). That and all subsequent re- search was in the Superior National Forest (SNF) of northeastern Minnesota even though wolves inhabit approximately the northern third of the state. Consequently, …

Deer Social Organization And Wolf Predation In Northeastern Minnesota, Michael E. Nelson, L. David Mech

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

The white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus has been subject to intensive research and management, yet we are just beginning to understand its social organization. Little is known about home range formation, migration, social bonds, and traditions in this deer, what functions they serve, and what selective forces have affected them.

Predation by wolves Canis lupus, in particular, has not been examined as a factor in deer evolution, yet the intimate interactions between deer and wolf through the millennia no doubt strongly influenced major morphological and behavioral adaptations in both species. It is a reasonable assumption that wolf predation has been …

Population Regulation In Wolves, Jane M. Packard, L. David Mech

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

The possibility of social regulation of wolf populations has been discussed in the literature for several years. Some of the first ecological studies of wolves indicated that their populations did not increase as rapidly as was theoretically possible, and that they reached a saturation point apparently not set by food. Subsequent captive studies demonstrated the existence of social mechanisms possibly capable of regulating population growth. However, the importance of these factors in wild populations has not been established. This paper has four objectives: (1) to evaluate the existing concept of "intrinsic limitation," (2) to propose that wolf population dynamics may …

Wolf Howling And Its Role In Territory Maintenance, Fred H. Harrington, L. David Mech

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

The wolf (Canis lupus) is a wide-ranging social carnivore with a complex spatial organization (MECH, 1972; 1973). The precise manner in which this organization is maintained is unknown, but territory advertisement using olfactory and acoustic modes seems to be involved.

The acoustic mode includes primarily howling. Within a wolf pack, howling may be useful to reassemble separated members (MECH, 1966; THEBERGE & FALLS, 1967), and may communicate information on individual identity, location, and other behavioral and environmental contingencies (THEBERGE & FALLS, 1967). Between packs, however, howling may serve to advertise territory, communicating the locations of packs and thus …

Relating Wolf Scat Content To Prey Consumed, Theodore J. Floyd, L. David Mech, Peter A. Jordan

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

In 9 trials, captive wolves (Canis lupus) were fed prey varying in size from snowshoe (Lepus americanus) to adult deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and the resulting scats were counted. collectible scats were distinguished from liquid, noncollectible stools. In collectible scats, the small prey occurred in greater proportion relative to the prey's weight, and in lesser proportion to the prey's numbers, than did the remains of larger prey. A regression equation with an excellent the data (r² = 0.97) was derived to estimate the weight of prey eaten per collectible scat for With this information …

Productivity, Mortality, And Population Trends Of Wolves In Northeastern Minnesota, L. David Mech

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

Population parameters, mortality causes, and mechanisms of a population decline were studied in wolves (Canis lupus lycaon) from 1968 to 1976 in the Superior National Forest. The main method was aerial radio-tracking of 129 wolves and their packmates. Due to a decline in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), the wolf population decreased during most of the study. Average annual productivity varied from 1.5 to 3.3 pups per litter, and annual mortality rates from 7 to 65 percent. Malnutrition and intraspecific strife accounted equally for 58 percent of the mortality; human causes accounted for the remainder. As wolf …

Wolf-Pack Buffer Zones As Prey Reservoirs, L. David Mech

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

Abstract. In a declining herd, surviving deer inhabited overlapping edges of wolf- pack territories. There, wolves hunted little until desperate, in order to avoid fatal encounters with neighbors. Such encounters reduce wolf numbers and predation pressure and apparently allow surviving deer along territory edges to repopulate the area through dispersal of their prime, less vulnerable offspring into territory cores.

Canis Lupus., L. David Mech

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

Order Carnivora, Family Canidae. The genus Canis includes eight species. Approxi- mately 24 New World and eight Old World subspecies of C. lupus are recognized, the number depending on authorities accepted. For summary, see Mech (1970); for full synonymy, see Pocock (1935), Goldman (1944), Ellerman and Morrison- Scott (1951), Novikov (1956), and Hall and Kelson (1959).

Factors Affecting Nesting Success Of The Canvasback In The Aspen Parklands, Jerome H. Stoudt

USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center

The Minnedosa study area is located in the southwestern portion of Manitoba just south of the town of Minnedosa. It is 90 square miles in size and roughly square in shape. The Aspen Parkland, in which the study area is located, is characterized by gently rolling terrain and black soils. Mixed farming is the rule with emphasis on small grain production consisting of wheat, barley, and oats. Roughly 50 percent of the water areas in the parkland are ringed with aspen, Populus tremuloides, and large blocks of aspen are interspersed throughout the area. The Minnedosa area differs because of …