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Articles 1 - 28 of 28
Full-Text Articles in Health Policy
Waiving Snap Interviews During The Covid-19 Pandemic Increased Snap Caseloads, Colleen Heflin, William Fannin, Leonard M. Lopoo, Siobhan O'Keefe
Waiving Snap Interviews During The Covid-19 Pandemic Increased Snap Caseloads, Colleen Heflin, William Fannin, Leonard M. Lopoo, Siobhan O'Keefe
Population Health Research Brief Series
Food insecurity in the United States reached historically high rates during the COVID-19 pandemic, thus substantially increasing demand for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). To facilitate access to SNAP during the pandemic, the federal government granted state SNAP offices the option to waive the interview requirement – an administrative burden associated with the SNAP certification process. This brief summarizes findings from a recent study that used data from SNAP offices across 10 states to examine the impact of SNAP interview waivers on SNAP caseloads from January 5th to April 30th of 2021. Findings reveal that counties that implemented the …
The Federal Government Must Revise Public Housing Policies To Protect Vulnerable Populations From Evictions, Caroline Grabowski
The Federal Government Must Revise Public Housing Policies To Protect Vulnerable Populations From Evictions, Caroline Grabowski
Population Health Research Brief Series
Over 100,000 Americans are now dying from drug overdoses annually, signifying that the goal of the 1986 Anti-Drug Abuse Act (ADAA) to end illicit drug use has not been achieved. What’s more, numerous statutes within the ADAA have created or worsened housing instability among people who use drugs and their families. This is because the ADAA allows public housing officials to use their own discretion when determining evictions and lease refusals and has disproportionately harmed individuals in public housing who did not participate in the drug-related activities that led to their eviction. This brief describes how the ADAA negatively affects …
Bridging The Gap: Reducing Disparities In Reproductive Healthcare For Black And White Women, Emma Weiden
Bridging The Gap: Reducing Disparities In Reproductive Healthcare For Black And White Women, Emma Weiden
Population Health Research Brief Series
A woman’s reproductive healthcare experience in the United States can vary dramatically depending on her race. In 2020, the pregnancy-related mortality rate in the U.S. was 40.8 deaths per 100,000 live births for Black women, which is more than three times the rate among White women (12.7 per 100,000). This brief summarizes disparities in reproductive healthcare outcomes for Black women compared to White women in the U.S., advocates for policy changes, and provides recommendations for addressing racial disparities to create more equitable reproductive healthcare.
Covid-19 Mortality Rates Were Higher In States That Limited Governments From Enacting Public Health Emergency Orders, Xue Zhang, Mildred E. Warner, Gen Meredith
Covid-19 Mortality Rates Were Higher In States That Limited Governments From Enacting Public Health Emergency Orders, Xue Zhang, Mildred E. Warner, Gen Meredith
Population Health Research Brief Series
State and local governments enacted various public health emergency policies during the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in lower infection and death rates than would have occurred without these policies. However, some states limited the emergency public health authority of state executives, state governors, and other state and local officials during the pandemic. This brief summarizes the results of a study that used data from the Center for Public Health Law Research and Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker to explore which states passed laws that limited emergency public health authority during the COVID-19 pandemic and the effects of those limits on COVID-19 …
Medicaid-Insured Older Adults On Snap May Have Stronger Medication Adherence, Colleen Heflin, Chinedum O. Ojinnaka, Irma A. Arteaga, Leslie Hodges, Gabriella Alphonso
Medicaid-Insured Older Adults On Snap May Have Stronger Medication Adherence, Colleen Heflin, Chinedum O. Ojinnaka, Irma A. Arteaga, Leslie Hodges, Gabriella Alphonso
Population Health Research Brief Series
For older adults with hypertension, medication adherence is critical to decreasing hospitalization, poor health outcomes, and healthcare costs. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)—the largest food and nutrition assistance program in the United States—could protect against medication non-adherence. This brief summarizes the findings from a recent study, which linked Missouri Medicaid administrative claims data to SNAP data from 2006 to 2014. The findings suggest that longer and consistent receipt of SNAP benefits was associated with higher levels of antihypertensive medication adherence among Medicaid-insured individuals aged 60 years and older.
Financial Rewards Tied To Quality Measures Lead Home Health Agencies To Exaggerate Their Improvements, Jun Li, Meher Chahal
Financial Rewards Tied To Quality Measures Lead Home Health Agencies To Exaggerate Their Improvements, Jun Li, Meher Chahal
Population Health Research Brief Series
More than 4 million people in the United States use home health care each year, but the quality varies and is often poor. In 2016, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) began rewarding and penalizing home health agencies for their performance on a set of predetermined quality measures in an experiment called the Home Health Value-Based Purchasing (HHVBP) program. This brief summarizes the results of a recent study evaluating the program’s impact on quality measures within the HHVBP and whether there was a relationship between incentive size and apparent quality. Findings suggest that while financial rewards improved the …
How Has The Opioid Crisis Affected Health, Health Care Use, And Crime In The United States?, Johanna Catherine Maclean, Justine Mallatt, Christopher J. Ruhm, Kosali Simon
How Has The Opioid Crisis Affected Health, Health Care Use, And Crime In The United States?, Johanna Catherine Maclean, Justine Mallatt, Christopher J. Ruhm, Kosali Simon
Population Health Research Brief Series
The U.S. opioid crisis is the deadliest drug crisis in the nation’s history and is not abating. This brief summarizes what is known about the relationships between opioid misuse, health, healthcare use, and crime. The authors show that the opioid crisis has led to worsening health, increased mortality, increased healthcare use, and modest increases in crime. In addition, the policies designed to curb opioid misuse and its associated harms have had only limited success.
Federal Medication-Assisted Treatment Expansion Grants Do Not Reduce Homelessness, Andrew Sullivan, Changwe Park
Federal Medication-Assisted Treatment Expansion Grants Do Not Reduce Homelessness, Andrew Sullivan, Changwe Park
Population Health Research Brief Series
Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is an evidence-based intervention that, combined with counseling and behavioral therapies, can effectively treat opioid use disorders. However, MAT is underused due to multiple barriers. To increase access to MAT, the U.S. government awarded grants to local governments and nonprofit organizations to increase and retain the number of people receiving MAT. This brief examined differences in homelessness and employment outcomes between places that received a MAT grant and those that did not. They found that these grants did not reduce homelessness or unemployment rates in the places that received funding and concluded that their effectiveness may have …
The Oxycontin® Reformulation In 2010 Increased States’ Food Insecurity Rates, Colleen Heflin, Xiaohan Sun
The Oxycontin® Reformulation In 2010 Increased States’ Food Insecurity Rates, Colleen Heflin, Xiaohan Sun
Population Health Research Brief Series
The massive surge in opioid misuse and overdose over the past three decades has led to major family, economic, and social disruptions in the United States. OxyContin® - a highly potent, extended-release opioid was among the most commonly-abused narcotics throughout the 2000s. After reformulating OxyContin® to make it more difficult to inhale or inject, many people with opioid use disorders switched to using street drugs. The reformulation had many other unanticipated consequences. This brief shows that states with higher initial OxyContin® misuse rates had an increase in food insecurity after OxyContin® reformulation. The authors argue that public policies must consider …
How Has The Opioid Overdose Crisis Affected Child Maltreatment In The U.S.?, Alexander Chapman
How Has The Opioid Overdose Crisis Affected Child Maltreatment In The U.S.?, Alexander Chapman
Population Health Research Brief Series
This brief summarizes results from a study examining the association between U.S. county-level opioid mortality rates and child maltreatment rates from 2007 to 2017. Places with higher opioid overdose mortality rates have higher rates of child maltreatment. Poverty makes this problem worse - where the proportion of families in poverty increases, the association between fatal opioid overdose rates and child maltreatment also increases. Findings suggest that intervening in opioid use by reducing poverty has the potential to markedly decrease the incidence of child maltreatment.
Exposure To Free School Meals In Kindergarten Has Lasting Positive Effects On Students’ Attendance, Samantha Trajkovski, Amy Ellen Schwartz, Michah W. Rothbart
Exposure To Free School Meals In Kindergarten Has Lasting Positive Effects On Students’ Attendance, Samantha Trajkovski, Amy Ellen Schwartz, Michah W. Rothbart
Population Health Research Brief Series
The National School Lunch Program (NSLP) is the country's second-largest food assistance program, serving free or reduced-price meals to 30 million students daily. A growing number of schools and districts offer Universal Free Meals (UFM), which provides free meals to all students regardless of income. This brief summarizes findings examining the relationship between exposure to UFM in kindergarten and attendance and weight outcomes in NYC students from grades K-3. The results demonstrate that children who receive free meals through UFM in kindergarten have better school attendance than those who do not. In addition, there is no evidence that receipt of …
The U.S. Should Increase Access To Medication For Opioid Use Disorder Among Incarcerated Individuals, Cody Nagle
The U.S. Should Increase Access To Medication For Opioid Use Disorder Among Incarcerated Individuals, Cody Nagle
Population Health Research Brief Series
Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) is among the most common medical diagnoses for people in jails and prisons. Those leaving incarceration without substance use treatment are 40 times more likely than the general public to have a fatal overdose, making it the leading cause of death for people recently released. This brief describes the use of Medication for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) and Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT) as realistic and legally protected approaches to reducing overdoses upon exiting incarceration. It also calls for federal regulation and guidance on the use of MOUD in prisons, jails, and drug courts to ensure each …
Allowing Cities To Mandate Employer Paid Sick Leave Could Reduce Deaths Among Working-Age Adults, Douglas A. Wolf, Jennifer Karas Montez, Shannon M. Monnat
Allowing Cities To Mandate Employer Paid Sick Leave Could Reduce Deaths Among Working-Age Adults, Douglas A. Wolf, Jennifer Karas Montez, Shannon M. Monnat
Population Health Research Brief Series
Paid sick leave is good for health, yet there is no federal paid sick leave mandate, and U.S. states are increasingly preempting their city and county governments from mandating employer paid sick leave. This brief describes how working-age (ages 25-64) mortality rates from several external causes of premature death (suicide, homicide, drug overdose, alcohol poisoning, and transport accidents) from 1999 to 2019 may have been lower if states had not preempted cities and counties from mandating paid sick leave. The authors find that working-age mortality rates could have been over 7.5% lower in 2019 in cities and counties that were …
Consistent Snap Participation Increases Preventative Health Care Visits For Infants, Colleen Heflin, Irma A. Arteaga, Julia Stafford
Consistent Snap Participation Increases Preventative Health Care Visits For Infants, Colleen Heflin, Irma A. Arteaga, Julia Stafford
Population Health Research Brief Series
Food insecurity in families with children has increased dramatically during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Not only is food insecurity a problem on its own, but it is linked to receiving less preventative medical care in the first year of life—including well-child visits and recommended vaccinations. This brief summarizes findings from research examining the connection between SNAP participation and preventative care in an infant’s first year of life in Missouri. Findings show that infants in households that receive unstable SNAP benefits have a lower likelihood of attending all their well-child visits and receiving routine immunizations. Policymakers should consider interventions to simplify …
The U.S. Should Expand Access To Dental Care For Older Adults, Madonna Harrington Meyer, Sarah Reilly, Julia Finan
The U.S. Should Expand Access To Dental Care For Older Adults, Madonna Harrington Meyer, Sarah Reilly, Julia Finan
Population Health Research Brief Series
Older adult Medicare recipients face high out-of-pocket dental expenses due to a lack of appropriate dental care coverage. Older adults with lower socioeconomic status tend to have worse oral health, less dental insurance coverage, greater difficulties finding a dentist, and low-quality care. This brief details the experiences socioeconomically disadvantaged older adults face in obtaining appropriate and affordable dental care and calls on Congress to include preventative and restorative dental care as part of the federal funding agenda.
Pregnant Women With Substance Use Disorders Deserve Plans Of Safe Care, Alexandra E. Punch, Monika Taylor
Pregnant Women With Substance Use Disorders Deserve Plans Of Safe Care, Alexandra E. Punch, Monika Taylor
Population Health Research Brief Series
Substance use among women who are pregnant is a growing U.S public health issue. Approximately 340,000 infants are affected by prenatal exposure to illicit drugs annually, leading to an increase in Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS), and Child Protective Services involvement. This issue brief describes the current state of prenatal substance use and provides guidance on the use of federally mandated Plans of Safe Care to help mothers prepare for the arrival of their baby while navigating their substance use disorder.
Food Insecurity Among Military And Veteran Families, Colleen Heflin
Food Insecurity Among Military And Veteran Families, Colleen Heflin
Population Health Research Brief Series
Food insecurity is a growing U.S. problem among military and veteran families. Data from 2020-21 suggest that between 1 in 5 and 1 in 3 military families experienced food insecurity in the last year: with disabled veterans experiencing even greater risks. This issue brief describes the policy revisions needed to programs such as SNAP, the Social Security Administration’s Disability Insurance Program, and the Veterans Affairs Disability Compensation Program to ensure our military members are food secure.
How Should We Set Pandemic Capacity Limits For Restaurants And Bars?, Eric A. Schiff
How Should We Set Pandemic Capacity Limits For Restaurants And Bars?, Eric A. Schiff
Population Health Research Brief Series
Restaurants and bars are places where airborne diseases like COVID-19 are easily transmitted from one patron to another. However, the connection between the capacity limits and the community infection rate has not been quantified and can appear arbitrary. This data slice describes calculations that could be used to help government officials determine restaurant and bar capacity limits to help limit risk.
Battling The Public Health Harms Of Tobacco Takes Time, Persistence, And Political Will: Reflecting On The New York State Clean Indoor Air Act Of 2003, Mary E. Helander
Battling The Public Health Harms Of Tobacco Takes Time, Persistence, And Political Will: Reflecting On The New York State Clean Indoor Air Act Of 2003, Mary E. Helander
Population Health Research Brief Series
New York State’s Clean Indoor Air Act of 2003 (CAA03) and similar state laws are credited with curtailing several smoking-related diseases and deaths in the U.S. Yet smoking remains the top preventable cause of disease and premature death in the U.S. This issue brief summarizes the history of NY CAA03, discusses the efforts of key players to get the bill passed, and advocates for a more robust national strategy to address the still prevalent but preventable health consequences of smoking in the U.S.
Health Is Political: Public Health Practitioners And Researchers Should Be Trained Accordingly, Claire Pendergrast
Health Is Political: Public Health Practitioners And Researchers Should Be Trained Accordingly, Claire Pendergrast
Population Health Research Brief Series
Policy has long been considered a core element of public health practice. The COVID-19 pandemic has made clear that public health practice and research exist within a political context that cannot be ignored.
Covid-19 Reduced Outpatient Visits By Up To 70% In The Us, Pinka Chatterji, Yue Li
Covid-19 Reduced Outpatient Visits By Up To 70% In The Us, Pinka Chatterji, Yue Li
Population Health Research Brief Series
The COVID-19 pandemic has created new challenges for healthcare providers. Outpatient visits dropped by up to 70% relative to the same weeks in prior years.
Child Injuries And The Timing Of Snap Benefits Receipt, Colleen Heflin, Irma Arteaga, Jean Felix Ndashimye, Matthew P. Rabbitt
Child Injuries And The Timing Of Snap Benefits Receipt, Colleen Heflin, Irma Arteaga, Jean Felix Ndashimye, Matthew P. Rabbitt
Population Health Research Brief Series
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is an important federal resource that provides nutritional assistance to low-income families. Timing of SNAP benefits can reduce childhood injuries.
Many Older Americans Do Not Receive The Recommended Home Health Care After Hospitalization, Jun Li, Mingyu Qi, Rachel M. Werner
Many Older Americans Do Not Receive The Recommended Home Health Care After Hospitalization, Jun Li, Mingyu Qi, Rachel M. Werner
Population Health Research Brief Series
Only 54% of Medicare patients referred to home health care services following a hospitalization received home health care visits. Policymakers must address this discrepancy to ensure all patients receive the home health services they need.
The Collapse Of Health Care: The Effects Of Covid-19 On U.S. Community Health Centers, Ashley Van Slyke
The Collapse Of Health Care: The Effects Of Covid-19 On U.S. Community Health Centers, Ashley Van Slyke
Population Health Research Brief Series
The closure of community health centers is likely to have widespread detrimental impacts on the country’s public health and economy for years to come.
Risky Business: Recognizing The Flaws Of Employer-Based Health Insurance During Covid-19, Austin Mcneill Brown, Mariah Brennan Nanni
Risky Business: Recognizing The Flaws Of Employer-Based Health Insurance During Covid-19, Austin Mcneill Brown, Mariah Brennan Nanni
Population Health Research Brief Series
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the flaws of the U.S.’s employer-based health insurance model. This brief discusses the implications of binding health insurance to employment during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.
Prenatal Care For Undocumented Immigrants: Implications For Policy, Practice, And Ethics, Rachel Fabi
Prenatal Care For Undocumented Immigrants: Implications For Policy, Practice, And Ethics, Rachel Fabi
Population Health Research Brief Series
Nearly 250,000 babies are born each year to undocumented immigrant parents in the U.S. These babies are U.S. citizens, but undocumented immigrants are ineligible for most public insurance, making it difficult for them to access prenatal care. This research brief describes restrictive policies related to prenatal care for undocumented immigrants and discusses how these policies affect health care providers and the care they are able to offer pregnant immigrant women.
Our Female Veterans Deserve Better Healthcare, Mariah Brennan Nanni
Our Female Veterans Deserve Better Healthcare, Mariah Brennan Nanni
Population Health Research Brief Series
Women represent one of the fastest growing segments of the U.S. military, but their access to comprehensive reproductive healthcare is lacking. This issue brief explains gaps in healthcare coverage for female veterans and ways to address them.
We Should Promote Harm Reduction To Combat The Opioid Overdose Crisis, Alexandra Punch
We Should Promote Harm Reduction To Combat The Opioid Overdose Crisis, Alexandra Punch
Population Health Research Brief Series
Over 70,000 people in the U.S. died from drug overdoses last year, and the U.S. continues to struggle with how to address this crisis. This issue brief explains the concept of harm reduction, describes various types of programs that fall under the harm reduction model, and discusses the promises these approaches hold for helping to combat the current opioid crisis.