Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons^™

Occupational Aspiration Among African-Americans: A Case For Affirmative Action, Ronald E. Hall

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

The recent attack upon Affirmative Action in the workplace demands that merit be the sole criterion of employment. Policies designed to eliminate discriminatory practices are in themselves discriminatory and suggest minorities are inferior. Such suggestions are archaic and simplistic. Each assumes that the workplace operates in a social vacuum when in fact a complex system of cultural norms precedes the influence of merit. For African-Americans color is a predcedent of merit. The present study was undertaken to determine the implications of color in the workplace by analyzing it vis a vis occupational aspiration. Using a sample of African- American college …

After The Third Sector: Emerging And Disappearing Commons, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The third sector is currently the most popular label for capturing the activities of a highly diverse set of tax-exempt corporations and nonprofit organizations. For some, the third sector is also the nonprofit organization sector, although for many of us it is also the sector of voluntary associations, clubs, self-help groups, and volunteering, although these components of voluntary action have been over-shadowed by interest in nonprofit management. The general thesis of this paper is that although the voluntary action is a more or less permanent feature of human community, the particular forms of the contemporary nonprofit organization and the third …

Discussion Paper Presenting A First Nation Environmental Vision Statement And Self-Government Implementation Strategy, N.A.

Aboriginal Policy Research Consortium International (APRCi)

No abstract provided.

Omaha's Public Libraries, Center For Public Affairs Research (Cpar)

Publications

The Omaha Public Library began as a subscription library in 1872. The "library" was located in a rented room on 14th Street between Douglas and Dodge with a collection of 2,600 donated books. The Library Association charged an annual fee of $3.00 for membership. In 1877 the State Legislature approved an act allowing the establishment of "free public libraries and reading rooms." That same year the Omaha City Council established the Omaha Public Library at the urging of the Omaha Library Association. The Library opened with a budget of$1,274.80, a librarian, and nine appointed directors, the precursor of the Library …

Review Of Planting The Future: Developing An Agriculture That Sustains Land And Community Edited By Elizabeth A. R. Bird, Gordon L. Bultena, And John C. Gardner, Charles A. Francis

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences

Why should you care about agriculture? Planting the Future provides an eloquent description of the current state of this' most basic human endeavor so critical to survival. Based on a series of surveys and on-farm studies in the North Central and Western states, the book recognizes the bounty of our conventional agricultural industry. More importantly for the future, it details a series of critical problems in the environment, the distribution of economic benefits, and the social dislocation resulting from the consolidation of lands and heavy reliance on fossil fuels. Today's productivity and cheap food in the market have hidden expenses …

Shelter Poverty: Housing Affordability Among Asian Americans, Michael E. Stone

Institute for Asian American Studies Publications

Relatively little research has been conducted that focuses on the housing situation of Asian and Pacific Islander Americans (hereafter generally referred to as Asian Americans), especially on the national level. From a review of about 30 articles and reports over the past decade that examine racial/ethnic housing situations nationally, only one specifically addressed housing problems of Asian Americans (Hansen, 1986) while two others included Asian Americans along with other populations of color. Of the remaining articles, most used the terms race, racial discrimination, or segregation in their titles, yet did not include Asian Americans in the studies. Of particular note, …

Downsizing The Massachusetts Mental Health System: The Politics Of Evasion, Richard A. Hogarty

New England Journal of Public Policy

For the past three decades the topic of the proper role of state mental hospitals has been vigorously debated as a major public policy issue in Massachusetts. The state has had two runs at hospital closings: the first between 1973 and 1981, when the deinstitutionalization policy flourished, the second between 1991 and 1993, when the privatization policy was developed. In making the case for this seismic shift, a governor's special commission concluded that the state had too many hospitals for too few patients at too high a cost. This study provides a detailed analysis of the problems that beset the …

The Trouble With Connecticut, Kenneth J. Long

New England Journal of Public Policy

The problems of Connecticut, this author believes, parallel those of Nigeria, which are described by Chinua Achebe in The Trouble with Nigeria. Both places may be considered dirty, callous, ostentatious, and dishonest. The causes of these and other defects are also similar: unusually large disparities in living standards, high cost of living, localism, and lack of leadership. In Connecticut, gross inequities in taxation seem to intermingle with and reinforce all these roots of unpleasantness.

The Battle For City Hall: What Do We Fight Over?, Louise Simmons

New England Journal of Public Policy

An important dimension of contemporary American urban politics involves the redistributive role of local government. Activism at the local level has produced electoral movements that have succeeded in electing progressive local candidates and coalitions, yet on assuming office those officials face tremendous obstacles in meeting the expectations of those who put them in office. From 1991 to 1993 in Hartford, Connecticut, an attempt at progressive governance by a multiracial coalition was fraught with difficulties. Tensions among progressives and among leadership from impoverished communities of color, responses of downtown interests and the media, fiscal crises and the unrelenting needs of the …

The Repeal Of Rent Control In Cambridge, Robert P. Moncreiff

New England Journal of Public Policy

In the November 8, 1994, state election, Massachusetts voters approved a question placed on the ballot by initiative petition passing a law that effectively outlawed rent control throughout the commonwealth. This law had its most dramatic effect in Cambridge, where a stringent rent control system had been in effect since 1970. The success of the petition was realized primarily through the grassroots efforts of a coalition of small-property owners in Cambridge who felt aggrieved by the city's rent control system. The use of a statewide vote on an initiative petition to enact a law with predominantly local effect created for …

Flyer: “Protecting America’S Environment.”

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

On reverse: “Protecting Our Communities from Toxic Pollution.” August 28, 1996. It details Clinton's environmental policy and how Dole's proposals will further damage the Environment.

Flyer: “Safeguarding And Strengthening Medicare And Medicaid.” President Bill Clinton. Clinton/Gore. August 21, 1996., Clinton/Gore '96 Primary Committee, Inc.

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

A Flyer promising that Clinton will maintain and extend Medicare and Medicaid support.

Flyer: “Protecting Our Seniors.” President Bill Clinton. Clinton/Gore. August 21, 1996., Clinton/Gore '96 Primary Committee, Inc

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

A Flyer detailing Clinton's policies on protecting Medicare and Medicaid, quality health care, and other issues related to senior citizens' concerns.

Research To Practice: Trends In Supported Employment: The Experiences Of 94 Community Rehabilitation Service Providers From 1986 - 1991, Dana Scott Gilmore, John Butterworth

Research to Practice Series, Institute for Community Inclusion

A follow-back study (data from 1986 and 1991) examined service patterns of community rehabilitation providers for supported employment, competitive employment, and sheltered workshops.

Midlands Institute For Non-Profit Management: Building A Solid Foundation, Center For Public Affairs Research (Cpar)

Publications

Agenda and material from the Midlands Institute for Non-Profit Management - Building a Solid Foundation Conference, July 8-10, 1996.

Pounding Seas Against The Shore Wife Battering In The U.S. Navy And Its Relationship To Duty Assignment, Peter James Mercier Iii

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to examine the severity of wife battering in the U. S. Navy and to determine if duty assignment has an impact on its occurrence. Although considerable research on wife battering has been conducted in the general population over the past 25 years, limited research has focused its attention on wife battering in the military; there has been virtually no research conducted in the Navy. The present research utilizes Norfolk, Virginia Naval Base Police data on domestic disturbance calls at five Navy housing complexes, as well as ship deployment schedules, and compares the incidence of …

Banner Trail Map Helps Find The Way, Chester Smolski

Smolski Texts

"It's exciting to see all the changes taking place in central Providence. Whether one considers the relocation of the railroad, rivers or proposed interstate highway, the Capital Center development, the arts and entertainment activities or the refurbishing of historic buildings and construction of new buildings, "Downcity" is the place with all of the action."

Identifying Differences Is A Problem, Chester Smolski

Smolski Texts

"Her mother is black and Native American; her father is Mexican and Italian; so with what racial and ethnic group does she identify? On her college entrance application she wrote "African-American." This topnotch student, with demonstrated ability in scholarship, athletics, music, leadership and community involvement, is exactly the type of student Harvard wants, sos he has been invited to be in its entering class this fall. No small feat since nine of 10 applicants are rejected.

Ethnicity and race are two of the 10 criteria used at Harvard in making selections for admission, for diversity is the key word today, …

Research To Practice: Shared Responsibility: Job Search Practices From The Consumer And Staff Perspective, David Temelini, Sheila Fesko

Research to Practice Series, Institute for Community Inclusion

A review of a national study of the job search practices used by community rehabilitation providers and independent living centers, focusing on the relationship between these practices and employment outcomes such as job satisfaction, wages, and hours.

James Rouse--A Man For All Seasons, Chester Smolski

Smolski Texts

"Donna Shalala, Secretary of Health and Human Services, said it best: he 'did more to revitalize American cities than anyone this century.' Recognition of this fact came last September when President Clinton awarded him our nation's highest civilian honor--the Presidential Medal of Freedom. James W. Rouse, died at the age of 81, just 17 short days before his 82nd birthday on April 26--a long life with long-lasting achievements by a humanist and an urbanist, a man often referred to as a 'real Christian' and an 'urban visionary.' Where does one begin?"

Fax: The White House Office Of The Press Secretary, April 18, 1996, The White House

Saffy Collection - All Textual Materials

A fax sent regarding remarks by President Clinton upon arrival at Pulkova Airport, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Individuals' Lifetime Use Of Nursing Home Services: A Dynamic Microsimulation Approach, Sarah B. Laditka

Center for Policy Research

Despite the projected growth in the number of older Americans who will use nursing home services as the baby boom generation ages, there is little information about the total amount of time we can expect people to reside in nursing homes. I estimate individuals’ lifetime use of nursing home services using data from the 1984-1990 Longitudinal Study of Aging and the 1982, 1984, and 1989 National Long-Term Care Survey. A Markov model of functional status was used to estimate monthly functional status transition probabilities. Discrete-time hazard models were estimated to determine characteristics that were associated with nursing home use. Microsimulation …

Understanding Latino Ethnic Identity Development: A Review Of Relevant Issues, Azara Rivera-Santiago

New England Journal of Public Policy

One of the most promising areas in cross-cultural psychology is the development of identity among various ethnic groups in the United States. This article has a twofold purpose. First, it offers the concept of ethnic identity as defined and studied within the social sciences — sociology, anthropology, and psychology — including a review of some of the recent work on ethnic identity development proposed by leading investigators in the field of psychology. The author discusses their generalizability across ethnic groups. Second, it presents a number of dimensions considered important in conceptualizing and studying Hispanic ethnic identity development. These include acculturation, …

The Health Status And Lost Earnings Of Hispanic And Non-Hispanic Women, Janis Barry Figueroa

New England Journal of Public Policy

Based on data from the 1990 early release file of the Latino sample of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), this article examines the loss of earnings suffered by disabled or health-limited Hispanic women workers. For comparative purposes, the author created an identical analysis based on a sample of black and white non-Hispanic women from the 1989 original-sample PSID. The research also considers the prevalence of poor health among Latinas to ascertain whether their lower labor-force participation, earnings, and number of hours worked can be associated with episodes of poor health. The empirical results show that Hispanic women are …

Foreword, Martha Montero-Sieburth, Ralph Rivera

New England Journal of Public Policy

These articles echo the issues of today that will have an impact on the future and help us understand how current thinking about ethnicity, education, and health within Latino populations presents opportunities for the coming century. The Latino presence in the United States will certainly make itself known. As Richard Rodriguez poignantly reminds us, "We will change America, even as we will be changed."

Latino Students' Academic Literacy In Science Education: Contextualizing Policies, Raimundo Mora

New England Journal of Public Policy

This article reviews various interpretations of academic literacy that are being applied to science education, their limitations in terms of Latino students, and the case study experiences of three Latino students majoring in science. The author examines the ways in which factors he has identified in his experiences and research as crucial can be integrated to improve academic literacy programs. He recommends to planners of science programs methods to effect advancement in Latinos' academic performance.

Puerto Ricans' Access To Health Care, Ralph Rivera

New England Journal of Public Policy

The shift toward cost containment in health policy over the past decade has had negative consequences for the most vulnerable populations in the country, namely, ethnic minorities, the poor, and the uninsured. The Puerto Rican population is significantly affected by this shift, yet little is known of their health care usage. This study investigates the extent to which Puerto Ricans' health care use is determined by the relationship between predisposing variables, enabling variables, need, and other contextual variables and probes the implications of the findings for health policy. The adult Puerto Rican subsample (n = 1598) of the Hispanic Health …

Risk Perception And Trust: Challenges For Facility Siting, Howard Kunreuther, Paul Slovic, Donald Macgregor

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The authors maintain that, by granting legitimacy to different notions of fairness and building on common values such as responsibility, it is possible to design siting procedures that promote social cohesion, trust and a sense of fair play.

Fairness As Compassion: Towards A Less Unfair Facility Siting Policy, Benjamin Davy

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

Dr. Davy argues that siting efforts fail because of perceived injustices and urges authorities to search more aggressively for ways to avoid injustice and to cope with the anguish of those who may be unavoidably shortchanged.

Procedural And Substantive Fairness In Landfill Siting: A Swiss Case Study, Ortwin Renn, Thomas Webler, Hans Kastenholz

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

The authors describe the design and implementation of a process for siting a landfill. They see it as an application of procedural equity expressed in discourse ethic philosophy - one that includes checks for competence and substantive fairness.