Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Personality and Social Contexts Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
- Keyword
-
- Behavioural genetics (2)
- Ownership (2)
- Twin study (2)
- Auditory-perceptual assessment (1)
- Blame recovery (1)
-
- Children (1)
- Communication apprehension (1)
- Communication attitude (1)
- Concepts (1)
- Coping strategies (1)
- Definitions (1)
- Emotional intelligence (1)
- Erotica (1)
- Family resemblance (1)
- Gender (1)
- Moral orientation; care; justice; antisocial personality (1)
- Neuroticism (1)
- Obscenity (1)
- Perfectionism (1)
- Personal resiliency (1)
- Personality (1)
- Pornography (1)
- Property (1)
- Property instinct (1)
- Prototypicality (1)
- Psychological wellbeing (1)
- Religious-spiritual belief (1)
- Sexually explicit materials (1)
- Social competence (1)
- Speech satisfaction (1)
- Publication
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Personality and Social Contexts
Exploring Communication Apprehension And Its Relationship To Communication Attitude And Socio-Communicative Functioning In Children With Velopharyngeal Insufficiency, Agnieszka Dzioba
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Myriad findings on children with velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) indicate the potential for this population of children to experience feelings of apprehension specific to communication and the potential for other psychological and social difficulties. The purpose of the present investigation was to explore the construct of communication apprehension (CA) and its potential relationship to social and communicative functioning in a diverse group of children with VPI. Potential linkages between CA and multiple socio-communicative constructs including attitude, speech satisfaction, speech and language skill, social competence, and speech severity were explored in a cohort of children with and without VPI, followed by an …
The Development And Validation Of A Multidimensional Measure Of Moral Orientation, Erica A. Giammarco
The Development And Validation Of A Multidimensional Measure Of Moral Orientation, Erica A. Giammarco
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Researchers have found that when individuals are faced with moral dilemmas, they tend to approach the situations with the same general perspective. This general perspective is referred to as their moral orientation. Studies have shown that moral orientations tend to be either justice or care focused. A justice orientation refers to a focus on rights, rules, and objective decision making. In contrast, individuals using a care orientation are more likely to consider relationships, contextual factors, and minimizing harm to others. Although numerous studies have reported individual differences in these orientations, the literature has failed to consider how individuals with “abnormal” …
Blame Recovery: Modeling The Effects Of Personality, Religious-Spiritual Belief, And Gender On Blame Attributions And Psychological Wellbeing After A Failed Romantic Relationship, Gillian C. Tohver
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Blame attribution (BA) is the complex cognitive-affective process through which individuals feel negative feelings of internalized self-blame/guilt or externalized other-blame by varying degrees. High BA is accompanied by distress, anxiety, depression and reduced health outcomes, while low BA indicates healthful release from negative affect and direction of attention toward past transgressions or negative events. Previous research has demonstrated a multitude of personality and individual difference associations with BA and psychological wellbeing (PWB) in cross-sectional samples, but little focus has been directed at determining if such traits affect changes in (i.e. recovery from) BA and PWB over time. The present study …
An Empirical Investigation Of The Concept Of “Pornography”, Taylor A. Kohut
An Empirical Investigation Of The Concept Of “Pornography”, Taylor A. Kohut
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
“Pornography” as a concept remains unclear. The lack of consensus about the meaning of pornography is particularly problematic for empirical enterprises where inconsistent conceptualizations of pornography undermine the reliability and validity of research findings, impede the integration of knowledge across studies, and contribute to the miscommunication of research findings to the general public. With this in mind, the goal of this dissertation was to explore the concept of pornography, particularly as it was understood by lay individuals, with the hope of uncovering insights that would strengthen research practices in this field. To this end, seven studies were conducted using both …
Individual Differences In Ownership Reasoning: A Twin Study, Callista Forchuk
Individual Differences In Ownership Reasoning: A Twin Study, Callista Forchuk
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Vast similarities in ownership behaviour across species and age ranges have been used to support the notion of an innate basis for ownership reasoning. Using a twin study paradigm, this is the first study to investigate the extent to which genetic and environmental factors contribute to individual differences in ownership reasoning. 65 pairs of adult monozygotic (MZ) twins, and 16 pairs of same-sex dizygotic (DZ) twins completed a 24-item ownership questionnaire, which included items on (1) new ownership and (2) appropriate transfers of ownership. For both of these factors, it was found that MZ correlations were larger than DZ correlations. …
Individual Differences In Ownership Reasoning: A Twin Study, Callista Forchuk
Individual Differences In Ownership Reasoning: A Twin Study, Callista Forchuk
Undergraduate Honors Posters
This study is the first to investigate the extent to which environmental and genetic factors contribute to aspects of ownership reasoning. 65 pairs of adult monozygotic (MZ) twins, and 16 pairs of same-sex dizygotic (DZ) twins completed a 24-item ownership questionnaire, which included items on new ownership and appropriate transfers of ownership. MZ correlations were larger than DZ correlations for both aspects of ownership reasoning, and univariate model fitting indicated that genetic and non-shared environmental factors could account for all individual variation, with shared environmental factors contributing non-significantly. Heritabilities ranged from .36-.57 over both factors. The results support the notion …
The Perfectionism-Psychological Outcome Link: The Mediating Effect Of Personal Resiliency, Martin M. Smith
The Perfectionism-Psychological Outcome Link: The Mediating Effect Of Personal Resiliency, Martin M. Smith
Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
Perfectionism is a multidimensional personality trait encompassing two higher-order dimensions: perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns. People high in perfectionistic strivings rigidly and ceaselessly demand perfection of the self and hold unrealistically high personal standards. People high in perfectionistic concerns have overly negative reactions to perceived failures, nagging self-doubts, and excessive concerns over other’s expectations. Research suggests perfectionistic strivings are predominantly associated with positive psychological outcomes, whereas perfectionistic concerns are predominantly associated with negative psychological outcomes. Theory suggests differences in personal resiliency may account for the divergent psychological outcomes associated with perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns. However, this contention has yet …
A Behavioural Genetics Analysis Of Altruism And Its Relation To The Dark Triad, Maddy Mikulis
A Behavioural Genetics Analysis Of Altruism And Its Relation To The Dark Triad, Maddy Mikulis
Undergraduate Honors Posters
The current study was the first to report a behavioural genetics analysis of altruism and its relationship with the dark triad traits of personality (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). 228 adult twins completed questionnaires of the dark triad and altruism. A significant correlation between altruism and narcissism was revealed. Altruism was found to be influenced in part by genetic factors as well as non-shared environmental factors. Implications and limitations are discussed.