Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
- Keyword
-
- Allies (1)
- Anxiety (1)
- Approval (1)
- Assertiveness (1)
- Autism (1)
-
- Autism Spectrum Disorder (1)
- Autism Spectrum Disorder; Parenting Style; (1)
- Aversive Stimuli (1)
- Behavior analysis (1)
- Behavioral settings (1)
- Bullying (1)
- Callous and Unemotional (1)
- Co-rumination (1)
- Co-worry (1)
- Concurrent schedules (1)
- Conditioned reinforcers (1)
- Confrontation (1)
- Consumers (1)
- Disordered Gambling; Problem Gambling; Gambling Functional Assessment-Revised; Escape; Positive Reinforcement (1)
- Duration (1)
- Dyads (1)
- Electrodermal Activity (1)
- Emotional engagement (1)
- Emotional response (1)
- Experiences (1)
- FCT (1)
- Friendship (1)
- Gambling (1)
- Gender (1)
- Generalized matching law (1)
- Publication
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Clinical Psychology
An Attempt To Establish Approval As A Learned Reinforcer, Kelly T. Kohler
An Attempt To Establish Approval As A Learned Reinforcer, Kelly T. Kohler
Dissertations
Approval does not function as a powerful reinforcer for many children with autism, making it difficult to reinforce appropriate behavior in a functional and consistent manner. The current study first assessed the effects of establishing approval (“Nice,” accompanied by a smile and nod) and nonsense words as discriminative stimuli, with the intent that they might also become learned reinforcers. We conducted several experiments to assess the effectiveness of approval as a reinforcer, including tests on learning new responses (receptive, expressive, freeoperant, and simple simultaneous discriminations) and tests on the performance of previously mastered responses (receptive and expressive responses). Despite the …
Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter (Fall 2014), Cheryl Stevens, Dean
Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter (Fall 2014), Cheryl Stevens, Dean
Ogden College of Science & Engineering Publications
No abstract provided.
The Effects Of Varying Duration Of Reinforcement On Novel Selection-Based Mands Versus Topgraphy-Based Mands, Nicholas S. Acker
The Effects Of Varying Duration Of Reinforcement On Novel Selection-Based Mands Versus Topgraphy-Based Mands, Nicholas S. Acker
Masters Theses
In recent years, researchers have evaluated individuals' preferences for different mand modalities and its effects on the acquisition of novel mands during functional con1munication training (i.e., FCT; e.g., Falcomata, Ringdahl, Christensen, & Boelter, 20 I 0). In many of these studies, the modality of responding that Michael ( 1985) classified as selection-based responding, is preferred by participants (e.g., Falcomata et al., 201 0). Wraikat, Sundberg, and Michael (1991) suggest that topography-based responses may be preferable for the acquisition of complex language. However, selection-based verbal responses may have faster acquisition in learning initial verbal operants (Charlop-Christy, Carpenter, Le, LeBlanc & Kellet, …
The Impact Of Sleep Restriction (Nap Deprivation) On Preschool Children's (Aged 3-5) Emotional Response, Hui-Ya Gail Han
The Impact Of Sleep Restriction (Nap Deprivation) On Preschool Children's (Aged 3-5) Emotional Response, Hui-Ya Gail Han
Dissertations
This study examined the effect of nap restriction on 3- to 5-year-old habitually napping children’s emotional responding. It was predicted that the intensity of emotional stimuli would moderate the relationship between nap restriction and the magnitude of emotional responding. Specifically, following nap restriction, the emotional responses to stronger stimuli would be amplified, while the emotional responses to weaker stimuli would be reduced. Emotional stimuli, were classified into four categories: strong negative, weak negative, weak positive, and strong positive. Facial electromyography was measured to reflect preschoolers’ emotional responses. The results indicated emotional responses to both strong negative and positive stimuli were …
Parental Depression And Child Behavior Problems: A Closer Examination, Yangmu Xu
Parental Depression And Child Behavior Problems: A Closer Examination, Yangmu Xu
Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects
Parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have higher rates of depressive symptoms, and parental depressive symptoms are strongly associated with problem behaviors in children. However, the direction of effect between parental depression and child behavior problems is unclear. Additionally, the mechanisms through which parental depression contributes to child behavior problems and vice versa are not well understood. The purpose of the present study is to examine the relationship between parental depression and child behavior problems among families of children with ASD; more specifically to investigate as mediating variables that may explain the mechanisms through which parental depression and …
Co-Worry In Friendship Dyads, Michelle H. Goldstein
Co-Worry In Friendship Dyads, Michelle H. Goldstein
Honors Scholar Theses
Anxiety disorders increase in prevalence from childhood into adulthood. Although cognitive theories are prominent in the etiology and maintenance of anxiety, peer relationships are emerging as salient interpersonal risk factors. This study investigates the effects of specific interpersonal interchanges on anxiety symptoms in college students. 60 undergraduates attended the experiment with a same-sex best friend, and were randomly assigned to the co-worry or neutral conversation condition. Each person completed self-report measures of state anxiety, negative affect and positive affect prior to and following an 8-minute conversation about self-generated worry topics such as exams or neutral topics such as the weather. …
Who Confronts Sexual Prejudice? How Gender And Ideologies Are Related To Heterosexual Allies Challenging Hate Speech, Kelly L. Lemaire
Who Confronts Sexual Prejudice? How Gender And Ideologies Are Related To Heterosexual Allies Challenging Hate Speech, Kelly L. Lemaire
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Sexual prejudice and discrimination are extremely prevalent throughout society and previous research suggests that there are a multitude of negative consequences associated with being the target of this prejudice. One way of reducing prejudice is by confronting the perpetrator; however the majority of previous research examining confrontation has focused on the target's response to racism or sexism. The current study utilized a 10-condition experimental design in order to examine how the gender of the perpetrator, target, and non-target witness of heterosexist prejudice affected the witness' responses. Attitudinal variables and past allied behaviors were also examined in order to determine if …
Exploring The Development Of Social Responses In Children With Callous And Unemotional Traits: An Examination Of The Impact Of Hypothesized Reinforcing And Aversive Stimuli, Andre Maharaj
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Callous and unemotional (CU) traits in children with conduct problems have been indicated as precursors to adult psychopathy. The analysis of the sensitivity to rewards and punishment in this population may be useful in the identification of effective behavior modification programs and particularly the delineation of ineffective punishment procedures. Scores on the Child Psychopathy Scale, Inventory of Callous and Unemotional Traits, Contingency Response Rating Scale and the Sensitivity to Reward Sensitivity to Punishment – Children Revised scale were used to evaluate 20 children, aged 7-13, recruited from FIU’s Center for Children and Families. The sample comprised 14 males and 6 …
Editorial Comment: Not So Crazy Eight!, Jeffrey N. Weatherly
Editorial Comment: Not So Crazy Eight!, Jeffrey N. Weatherly
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
No abstract provided.
Experiential Gambling: Interactions Between Consumer Experiences, Emotional Engagement, And Behavioural Settings, Seema Bhate, Kevin Hannam
Experiential Gambling: Interactions Between Consumer Experiences, Emotional Engagement, And Behavioural Settings, Seema Bhate, Kevin Hannam
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
This investigation explores experiential gambling behavior by modifying the stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) framework to build a theoretical model which examines the interactive nature of three variables, Experiences, Emotional engagement and Behavioral settings. Experiential motives such as Entertainment, Education, Esthetics and Escapism (Pine & Gilmore, 1999) are examined in the context of emotional responses (Mehrabian & Russell, 1974) of Pleasure, Arousal and Dominance (PAD) and how these responses interact with Open and Closed behavioral settings postulated by Foxall (1999) in the Behavioral Perspective model (BPM). Based upon a statistical analysis of 303 questionnaires, which collected information on gambling behavior in the North …
Validating The Gambling Functional Assessment-Revised In A Sample Of Probable Problem/Disordered Gamblers, Jeffrey N. Weatherly, Heather K. Terrell
Validating The Gambling Functional Assessment-Revised In A Sample Of Probable Problem/Disordered Gamblers, Jeffrey N. Weatherly, Heather K. Terrell
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
The Gambling Functional Assessment-Revised (GFA-R) was designed to measure whether the respondent’s gambling is maintained by positive reinforcement or escape. However, it has only been administered in samples dominated by nonproblem gamblers. One hundred five adult participants who scored three or more on the South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) completed the GFA-R and the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). Confirmatory factor analyses showed that a 15-item GFA-R demonstrated a sound factor structure. The internal consistency of the GFA-R subscales was good to excellent for both probable problem and disordered gamblers. Participants scored significantly higher on gambling for positive reinforcement than …
Slot Machine Near Wins: Effects On Pause And Sensitivity To Win Ratios, Tadhg E. Daly, Gordon Tan, Lincoln S. Hely, Anne C. Macaskill, David N. Harper, Maree J. Hunt
Slot Machine Near Wins: Effects On Pause And Sensitivity To Win Ratios, Tadhg E. Daly, Gordon Tan, Lincoln S. Hely, Anne C. Macaskill, David N. Harper, Maree J. Hunt
Analysis of Gambling Behavior
When a near-win outcome occurs on a slot machine, stimuli presented resemble those presented when money is won, but no money is won. Research has shown that gamblers prefer and play for longer on slot machines that present near wins. One explanation for this is that near wins are conditioned reinforcers. If so, near wins would produce longer latencies to the next response than clear losses. Another explanation is that near wins produce frustration; if so, then near wins would produce shorter response latencies. The two current experiments manipulated win ratio across two concurrently available slot machines and also manipulated …
An Anti-Bullying Intervention For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Catherine Rex
An Anti-Bullying Intervention For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Catherine Rex
CMC Senior Theses
The effects of a video modeling intervention, given to six children with ASD, were evaluated through a multiple-baseline and multiple-probe design across children. The research targeted teaching children with ASD to assertively respond to physical bullying, verbal bullying, and social exclusion, as well as telling one’s mother. In baseline, the participants demonstrated inconsistent to no skills for responding to the bullying in the vignette movies (SAAS) and the generalization probe skits. During intervention the participants watched a video of a person assertively responding to bullying, and were assessed through VM questions and SAAS. Post-intervention the children participated in generalization probe …