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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Gender Strength Implications And Its Effects On Task Performance, Chelsea Schumacher
Gender Strength Implications And Its Effects On Task Performance, Chelsea Schumacher
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
Throughout the history of research, there has been an immense interest regarding gender differences. Not only have variations in gender been observed through various social and physiological factors, but through cognitive factors as well. When reviewing previous research studies, it is evident that gender variations exist even when performing simple memory tasks. In the present study, the experimenter investigated whether implying opposing gender strength would have an effect on recall test performance. It was hypothesized that an individual would be motivated to perform more accurately on a recall test when opposing gender strength implications were introduced. When analyzing the results …
Activity In Both Hippocampus And Perirhinal Cortex Predicts The Memory Strength Of Subsequently Remembered Information, Y. Schrager, C. Brock Kirwan, L. R. Squire
Activity In Both Hippocampus And Perirhinal Cortex Predicts The Memory Strength Of Subsequently Remembered Information, Y. Schrager, C. Brock Kirwan, L. R. Squire
Faculty Publications
An influential idea about memory and medial temporal lobe function suggests that hippocampal activity predicts subsequent recognition success only when decisions are based on recollection, whereas perirhinal activity predicts subsequent recognition success when decisions are based on familiarity. An alternative idea is that hippocampal and perirhinal activity are both sensitive to the level of overall memory strength. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we have tested the relationship between brain activity during learning and subsequent memory strength. Activity in a number of cortical regions (including regions within what has been termed the default network) was negatively correlated with subsequent memory strength, …
Just Say “Nootropic”: The Effects Of Nicotine On Memory And Learning, Elyse N. Goveia
Just Say “Nootropic”: The Effects Of Nicotine On Memory And Learning, Elyse N. Goveia
Psychology Honors Papers
This study investigated the effects of nicotine on memory and learning in adolescent and adult male Fischer-344 rats. Rats were given 0.2 mg/kg/day of either nicotine or saline chronically for 2 weeks and were tested in the Morris water maze as adolescents (Phase 1) and then again 4 months later as adults (Phase 2). There were 4 main groups: nicotine/nicotine, nicotine/saline, saline/nicotine, and saline/saline. In Phase 2 rats were tested for c-Fos and BrdU expression in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Behavioral data indicated that as adults, rats given nicotine were significantly improved at the water maze task compared …
What Can You Remember? An Approach To Reading, Laura Lagemann, Allison Schulte
What Can You Remember? An Approach To Reading, Laura Lagemann, Allison Schulte
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
Reading comprehension can be affected by the reading method used, whether this is reading silently, aloud, or being read to by another. Our study measures the impact different reading methods has on the overall comprehension of a given passage. Our 90 subjects consisted of 58 women and 35 men. Subjects were randomly placed into three groups, for each of the three reading method variables being measured. Each group read the same passage. Our hypotheses for the study were that subjects reading the passage silently will recall more information about the passage than if they are read aloud to, or if …
Think Again, Allison J. Smith, Rachael E. Wilson
Think Again, Allison J. Smith, Rachael E. Wilson
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
A study was conducted to determine if people recall events as they actually exist or if schemas and prior expectations profoundly distort memories. The purpose was to establish if typical items present and not present in a particular scene would be recalled most frequently due to false memory, and if people are skeptical of their own mental abilities. Participants (n=45) briefly viewed 3 photos with typical and atypical items present and not present, then selected items they believed were in the picture. Analysis of the data partially supported our hypothesis because it indicated that typical and atypical items present were …
The Power Of Music, Michelle Bella, Tijana Redzepovic, Kandice Schroeder
The Power Of Music, Michelle Bella, Tijana Redzepovic, Kandice Schroeder
Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal
Music can influence one’s mood and alter one’s concentration, either in a positive way or a negative way. Such as classical music tends to soothe and focus one’s mood where as techno seems to excite and distract one’s mood. The main objective of this experiment is to determine whether one’s memory is more efficient and improves when presented with classical music rather than techno while studying a list of words. In this study, 30 participants performed a series of memory test while listening to classical, techno and no music at all. Although, music did not seem to affect performance on …
Effects Of A High Fructose Diet On Physiology And Cognition In Male Sprague-Dawley Rats, Amy Patricia Ross
Effects Of A High Fructose Diet On Physiology And Cognition In Male Sprague-Dawley Rats, Amy Patricia Ross
Psychology Theses
Fructose consumption has increased exponentially during the past four decades. The physiological effects of a high fructose diet include obesity and insulin resistance. In animal models, the effects of a high fructose diet on fat distribution are inconclusive in that some studies find increases in body mass and lipids while others find no effect. Recent findings indicate that a high fructose diet causes hippocampal insulin resistance in hamsters, raising the possibility that the diet causes impairments in cognition. The following experiments tested the hypotheses that a high fructose diet alters fat distribution rather than total body mass and impairs hippocampal-dependent …
Tactile Working Memory And Multimodal Loading, Peter Terrence
Tactile Working Memory And Multimodal Loading, Peter Terrence
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This work explored the role of spatial grouping, set size, and stimulus probe modality using a recall task for visual, auditory, and tactile information. The effects of different working memory (WM) loading task modalities were also examined. The Gestalt spatial organizing principle of grouping showed improvements in response times for visual and tactile stimulus probes with large set sizes and apparently allowed participants to effectively chunk the information. This research suggests that tactile information may use spatial characteristics typically associated with visual information, as well as sequential characteristics normally associated with verbal information. Based on these results, a reformulation of …
Biases In Interpretation And Memory In Generalized Social Phobia, Paula T. Hertel, F. Brozovich, Jutta Joormann, Ian Henry Gotlib
Biases In Interpretation And Memory In Generalized Social Phobia, Paula T. Hertel, F. Brozovich, Jutta Joormann, Ian Henry Gotlib
Psychology Faculty Research
Two experiments examined the link between interpretation and memory in individuals diagnosed with Generalized Social Phobia (GSP). In Experiment 1, GSP and control participants generated continuations for nonsocial and ambiguous social scenarios. GSP participants produced more socially anxious and negative continuations for the social scenarios than did the controls. On the subsequent test of recalling the social scenarios, intrusion errors that shared meaning with the original continuations were made more frequently by the GSP group, producing false recall with emotionally negative features. To examine whether nonanxious individuals would also produce such errors if given emotional interpretations, in Experiment 2 the …
Depression-Related Differences In Learning And Forgetting Responses To Unrelated Cues, Paula T. Hertel, A. Mahan
Depression-Related Differences In Learning And Forgetting Responses To Unrelated Cues, Paula T. Hertel, A. Mahan
Psychology Faculty Research
Using the think/no-think paradigm, we examined the effect of a meaningful connection between emotionally neutral cues and targets on initial learning and later recall by students in dysphoric or nondysphoric mood states. Compared to meaningfully connected cue-target pairs, unrelated pairs were less easily learned and more easily forgotten, even when initial learning was controlled. Depressive deficits were obtained in initial learning (only marginally) and final recall. When examined separately within each cuing condition, the recall deficit associated with depressed mood was restricted to the unrelated condition, but when initial learning differences were controlled this deficit was only marginally significant. Results …
Dredging Up The Past: Lifelogging, Memory And Surveillance, Anita L. Allen
Dredging Up The Past: Lifelogging, Memory And Surveillance, Anita L. Allen
All Faculty Scholarship
The term “lifelog” refers to a comprehensive archive of an individual's quotidian existence, created with the help of pervasive computing technologies. Lifelog technologies would record and store everyday conversations, actions, and experiences of their users, enabling future replay and aiding remembrance. Products to assist lifelogging are already on the market; but the technology that will enable people fully and continuously to document their entire lives is still in the research and development phase. For generals, edgy artists and sentimental grandmothers alike, lifelogging could someday replace or complement, existing memory preservation practices. Like a traditional diary, journal or day-book, the lifelog …
The Effects Of Using A Scripted Or Unscripted Interview In Forensic Interviews With Interpreters, Nicole Pruss
The Effects Of Using A Scripted Or Unscripted Interview In Forensic Interviews With Interpreters, Nicole Pruss
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
The current study set out to replicate and expand the results of a study by Pruss (2007) which found that information is lost when interviews are conducted through interpreters. In the present study, Viewers (i.e., mock eyewitnesses) fluent in Spanish watched a video of a burglary and then were interviewed in Spanish about what they had seen. Half of Viewers were randomly assigned to be interviewed by an English-speaking Interviewer through a bilingual Interpreter (Interpreter condition), and the other half were randomly assigned to be interviewed directly by a Spanish speaking Interviewer with no Interpreter (No Interpreter condition). Within each …
The Relationships Among Age, Physical Activity, And Working Memory, Ellen M. Carpenter
The Relationships Among Age, Physical Activity, And Working Memory, Ellen M. Carpenter
Psychology Theses & Dissertations
As our population ages, determining exogenous factors that may offset cognitive decline become increasingly important. The primary goal of the present study was to determine whether older individuals who engage in regular physical activity demonstrate superior working memory performance relative to older sedentary individuals. Forty young (20 active, 20 sedentary) and forty older (20 active, 20 sedentary) individuals engaged in cognitive measures of information processing speed, inhibitory function, and verbal and visuospatial working memory. Age differences in recall were found for verbal and visuospatial span tasks, as well as for recall reaction time on verbal and visuospatial n-back tasks, and …