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Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Effects Of Prenatal And Early Postnatal Exposure To Aversive Stimuli On Fearfulness And Exploratory Behavior In Bobwhite Qauil Neonates (Colinus Virginianus), Michael Suarez
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Neophobia, the fear of novelty, is a behavioral trait found across a number of animal species, including humans. Neophobic individuals perceive novel environments and stimuli to have aversive properties, and exhibit fearful behaviors when presented with non-familiar situations. The present study examined how early life exposure to aversive novel stimuli could reduce neophobia in bobwhite quail chicks. Experiment 1 exposed chicks to a novel auditory tone previously shown to be aversive to naïve chicks (Suarez, 2012) for 24 hours immediately after hatching, then subsequently tested them in the presence of the tone within a novel maze task. Postnatally exposed chicks …
Evaluating Teaching Efficiency In Reading And Spelling Instruction, Sarah Joanne Miller
Evaluating Teaching Efficiency In Reading And Spelling Instruction, Sarah Joanne Miller
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Reading and spelling are essential skills for a student’s educational success. The current literature on spelling instruction has examined a variety of spelling modalities, but has never directly compared written versus oral spelling. There are theoretical and empirical indications that either method may be superior to the other. Thus, study one directly compared written and oral spelling instruction for their rates of spelling acquisition as well as generalization to reading. The results of study 1 indicated that written spelling was superior to oral spelling in rates of acquisition of both spelling and reading accuracy. Previous research has also indicated that …
Programming Generalization : The Use Of Sufficient Exemplars Within A Discrete Trial Training Early Intervention Program For Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Carolyn Barahona
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Discrete Trial Training (DTT), a skill acquisition paradigm using Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) principles, is an empirically validated early intervention method for children with ASD. However, one disadvantage of this treatment is its highly structured method that hinders generalization. Since generalization is essential for independence and overall functioning in children with ASD, programming for generalized behavior change is an important treatment component. Training sufficient exemplars is one generalization programming technique that has led to the transfer of skills across several stimulus contexts. Very few scientific investigations have evaluated the use of sufficient exemplars within a DTT format. Experiment 1 evaluated …