Psychology Commons^™

“Say From Whence You Owe This Strange Intelligence”: Investigating Explanatory Systems Of Spiritualist Mental Mediumship Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, Elizabeth C. Roxburgh, Chris A. Roe

International Journal of Transpersonal Studies

Walsh and Vaughan (1993) defined transpersonal experiences as those “in which the sense of identity or self extends beyond (trans) the individual or personal to encompass wider aspects of humankind, life, psyche or cosmos” (p. 203). One population who regularly report such experiences are mediums. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten spiritualist mediums to explore their lived experience, such as how they communicate with the deceased, the meaning of spirit guide phenomena, and the role of mediumship, regardless of the actual ontology of mediumship. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) identified three themes: explanatory systems of mediumship, spirit guides as transcendental …

The Impact Of Personality, Mindfulness, And Symptoms On Response To Brief Meditation, Miranda Westbrook

Online Theses and Dissertations

Mindful awareness is described as: (1) awareness "in the moment"; (2) that involves acceptance/non-judgment; and (3) is intentional (Kabat-Zinn, 1984). This awareness has gained popularity for use in therapeutic settings, based on consistent findings that mindfulness-based interventions have a beneficial effect on psychological and physical functioning (Baer, 2003; Grossman, et al., 2004). However, the factors that predict the extent to which one may enter into and benefit from an inducted mindful state have not been thoroughly investigated. The current study sought to investigate such factors, including personality characteristics, psychological symptoms, and dispositional mindfulness.

The Role Of Memory, Personality, And Thought Processes In Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Carissa Lynn Broadbridge

Wayne State University Dissertations

Abstract

The autobiographical memory model of PTSD posits that the memory for the traumatic experience is influential in development of the disorder (Rubin, Berntsen, & Bohni, 2008). In particular, Berntsen & Rubin (2006) argue that the degree of event centralization, the incorporation of the memory into the individual's sense of self and life story, is directly related to the degree of PTSD symptoms exhibited by the individual. The present series of studies systematically analyzes event centralization and its relationship to PTSD, while taking into account other variables such as cognitive and emotion variables, as well as individual differences.

Study one …

Using Personality Traits To Select Customer-Oriented Security Guards, Tracy Marie Shega

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The customer orientation of current security guards was assessed using both the newly developed Customer Orientation Scale and IPIP items. Specifically, the Big Five factors of agreeableness, conscientiousness, and emotional stability were measured. Scores on these two customer orientation scales were compared to measures of job satisfaction and perceived job-ability fit.

The Association Of Psychosocial Factors On Hiv/Aids Disease Progression, Melissa Margolis

Scripps Senior Theses

Despite a rise in the number of studies looking at the relationship of psychosocial factors (coping style, personality type, and social support) on HIV/AIDS severity, there remains a lack of conclusive answers about the specific association between these factors. This study used a meta-analytic method of analysis to address these issues in the post anti-retroviral treatment modality world. A systematic search of major psychology and medical computerized databases led to 110 studies used in the meta-analysis. Social support was found to have the strongest relationship with HIV progression. Structural social support had greater protective effect on HIV progression than functional …

Evaluating The Discriminant Validity Of The Metaphors Test, Daniel N. Erosa

McNair Poster Presentations

The Metaphors Test (Barchard, Hensley, Anderson, & Walker, 2013) is a new test of emotion per­ception in which test takers indicate the extent to which various emotions are conveyed by metaphors. In order for the Metaphors Test to be considered a valid test of emotion perception, it must have dis­criminant validity. The Five-Factor Model (McCrae & John, 1992), also known as the Big Five Model, is one of the most well-known frameworks for personality. Based upon theory and previous research, the Metaphors Test should have low correlations with the Big Five. Conscientiousness had a moder­ate correlation with the Metaphors Test. …

Personality's Influence On Burnout: An Unfinished Puzzle, David Andrew Periard

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

This study examines the relationship between emotional exhaustion-the main component of burnout-and several facets of the Big Five Factors of personality. Previous research has found small relationships between the Big Five Factors and emotional exhaustion. I hypothesized that the facets of trust, cooperation, orderliness, and self-discipline will have curvilinear relationships with emotional exhaustion. The facets of vulnerability and depression were also hypothesized to moderate the curvilinear relationships between orderliness and self-discipline and emotional exhaustion. Regression analyses only found a curvilinear relationship between order and personal burnout when vulnerability was controlled for. A significant quadratic-by-linear interaction was found between order and …

Development Of A Pilot Selection System For A Midwestern University Aviation Program, Kathryn Wilson

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

This paper discusses the evaluation of an existing selection system for a Midwestern University's Aviation Program and attempts to find significant predictors of pilot performance using personality measures including the Five Factor Scale, Cockpit Management Attitudes Questionnaire, Self Monitoring Scale, an Integrity Scale, and cognitive measures including Block Counting, Rotated Blocks and Numerical Reasoning. Data from 24 student pilots was examined with bivariate correlations and stepwise regression and results indicate personality plays a role in predicting successful pilot performance. The CMAQ, extraversion and block counting measures were positively correlated with facets of performance including decision making in-flight, consistently arriving on-time …

The Life Individual Resilience Scale And Cognitive Reflection Test : Predictive Utility In Special Forces Selection, Anthony Moffitt

Theses : Honours

The use of psychometric testing by the military in the screening and selection of its personnel has played a significant role in test development (Aiken, 1997). Several studies have demonstrated the utility of such tests to identify and select elite Special Forces personnel specifically for their employment in complex and dangerous environments (Picano, Roland, Williams, & Rollins, 2006). Research of additional discrete personal attributes beyond traditional cognitive ability and personality traits has inspired studies into the measurement of specific aspects of performance, including perseverance, hardiness and decision-making (e.g., Beal, 2010; Temby & Drobnjak, 2010). However, the empirical evidence for these …

Variance In Faking In High-Stakes Personality Assessment As An Indication Of Job Knowledge, Timothy Ryan Dullaghan

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the personality trait elevation between honest and applicant contexts that has been widely seen throughout the personality and selection research is merely universal, blatant trait elevation, or whether something else is underlying this faking behavior. By obtaining both honest and applicant context personality responses in which respondents were provided with focal job knowledge, this study determined that while there is near-universal trait elevation across seven personality traits, there is, in fact, some trait differentiation between jobs. As such, this study provided some evidence of knowledgeable faking, defined as distortion of personality …