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Theses/Dissertations

Industrial and Organizational Psychology

2010

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Full-Text Articles in Psychology

The Heart And Mind At Work: The Effects Of Implicit And Explicit Reasoning On Performance Appraisal, Scott Ryan Dec 2010

The Heart And Mind At Work: The Effects Of Implicit And Explicit Reasoning On Performance Appraisal, Scott Ryan

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.


Commercial Sex Workers: Lives And Practices, Sarah J. Knowles Dec 2010

Commercial Sex Workers: Lives And Practices, Sarah J. Knowles

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Commercial sex workers epitomize a population who is both stigmatized and underrepresented in marriage and family therapy research. Through this research I hope to gain understanding about the gains of being a commercial sex worker, which many people may overlook due to their moral opposition to the occupation. I will also be exploring some of the challenges that commercial sex workers face that are unique to their line of work, especially in regards to their relationships, as many aspects of this may have been generalized or disregarded. Finally, I plan to address any implications for therapists who work with commercial …


Re-Evaluating Happiness: Why The Quality Of Our Lives Depend Upon It, Suzanne Lang Baetz Aug 2010

Re-Evaluating Happiness: Why The Quality Of Our Lives Depend Upon It, Suzanne Lang Baetz

MALS Final Projects, 1995-2019

Over two thousand years ago, Aristotle proposed that the ultimate goal of life is happiness because "we choose it for itself and never for any other reason" (Thomson, 1953, p. 73). Today, happiness is still a fundamental concern for people all around the globe. I n an international survey with over 10,000 respondents from 48 nations, Oishi, Diener, & Lucas (2007) found that happiness ranked highest in importance of a group of 1 2 options, including success, intelligence/knowledge, and material wealth.


An Investigation Of Big Five And Narrow Personality Traits In Relation To Career Satisfaction Of Managers, Wei Xiong Aug 2010

An Investigation Of Big Five And Narrow Personality Traits In Relation To Career Satisfaction Of Managers, Wei Xiong

Doctoral Dissertations

Career satisfaction has become an important research topic in both psychological and business research. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships between general managers’ career satisfaction, the Big Five personality traits (agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, extraversion, and openness), as well as narrow personality traits. An archival data source was used consisting of a sample of 6,042 general managers and 48,726 non-managers from various industries. I investigated the relationship between personality variables and general manager’s career satisfaction. Results indicated that several personality traits were significantly related to managers’ career satisfaction. For example, emotional resilience, extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, …


Income And Life Satisfaction Among Voluntary Vs. Involuntary Retirees, Lauren Elizabeth Baxter Aug 2010

Income And Life Satisfaction Among Voluntary Vs. Involuntary Retirees, Lauren Elizabeth Baxter

Masters Theses

This field study examined relationships of income and life satisfaction among retirees, their perceptions of whether their decisions to retire were voluntary or involuntary, and their stated reasons for retiring: “push” (to exit unsustainable work situations) or “pull” (to pursue more attractive options). Based on prior research, hypotheses predicted that voluntary / involuntary choice would moderate the relationship of income and life satisfaction, and that the relationship would vary as a function of "push" vs. "pull" reasons for retiring. A screened, national sample of 1,043 U.S. retirees completed an online survey that assessed satisfaction with multiple life domains, reason for …


Job Attribute Preferences In A Downward Economy, Anna Marie Deason Aug 2010

Job Attribute Preferences In A Downward Economy, Anna Marie Deason

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The current study is a partial replication of Jurgensen (1978) and Johnson (2008) studies that examined job attribute preferences. The reasoning for a replication so soon after Johnson (2008) study is research how the current economic environment may influence these variables. The job attributes variables that are being studied are type of work, pay, insurance, job security, opportunity for advancement, time off, the company, location, coworkers, supervisor, flexible hours, retirement, and the presence of a career mentor. Each participant ranked their personal preference for each of these attributes and then were asked to rank the same items but for what …


A Sequential Analysis Of Staff Training Procedures To Efficiently Teach Novice Instructors To Implement Errorless Discrete-Trial Teaching Procedures, Jamie M. Severtson Aug 2010

A Sequential Analysis Of Staff Training Procedures To Efficiently Teach Novice Instructors To Implement Errorless Discrete-Trial Teaching Procedures, Jamie M. Severtson

Dissertations

Discrete trial teaching (DTT) is the most common techniques incorporated into intensive behavioral intervention programs for children diagnosed with autism. Errorless learning (EL) prompt fading strategies are frequently recommended during DTT because they often result in more efficient and effective instruction. Several variables may prevent agencies from offering extensive supervised training to instructors; therefore, timeefficient DTT staff training protocols are needed. The purpose of the present study was to conduct a sequential analysis of the efficacy of three methods for teaching errorless DTT procedures to novice instructors. These methods included: (a) a self-instruction manual, (b) an instructional video, (c) and …


Hospital Quality Of Care And Patient Satisfaction As A Function Of Physician Membership On Boards Of Directors, Austin W. Whitaker May 2010

Hospital Quality Of Care And Patient Satisfaction As A Function Of Physician Membership On Boards Of Directors, Austin W. Whitaker

Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects

No abstract provided.


Examining Perceived Subordinate Support, Timothy Paul Clayton Jr. May 2010

Examining Perceived Subordinate Support, Timothy Paul Clayton Jr.

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Support relationships within organizations have been the subject of numerous empirical studies. Much of this research has focused on the influence of perceived organizational support and perceived supervisor support and their effects on subordinates. To date, however, no research has focused on how supervisors are influenced by their beliefs about support from their subordinates. I define perceived subordinate support (PSubS) as the extent to which a supervisor feels subordinates are concerned with the supervisor's well-being and value the supervisor as a leader. Previous research suggests that subordinates’ opinions and behaviors do influence supervisor behavior. In the present study, a measure …


The Effects Of Expectations On Performance: Generalizing Galatea, Brittany Day May 2010

The Effects Of Expectations On Performance: Generalizing Galatea, Brittany Day

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The Galatea effect occurs when self-efficacy is intentionally raised yielding an increase in performance. The study focused on generalizing the Galatea effect to the historically under researched populations of Blacks in the workforce. To raise self-efficacy, the participants in the experimental condition were presented with a scenario designed to increase specific self-efficacy through verbal persuasion. This study used a diverse sample of male and female college students. The dependent variable was performance on Sudoku – a cognition puzzle. The Sudoku puzzle is a test of deductive reasoning which can be related to cognitive performance. Cognitive ability is often used in …


Furthering Conservation Of Resources Theory: How Our Values Influence Out Stress Response, Neil Morelli May 2010

Furthering Conservation Of Resources Theory: How Our Values Influence Out Stress Response, Neil Morelli

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Conservation of resources (Hobfoll, 1989) theory is an increasingly applied conceptualization of the stress process (Hobfoll & Lilly, 1993; Neveu, 2007). To evaluate and expand this theory, an exploratory research study was conducted to determine the influence of personal psychosocial values (e.g., self-transcendence and conservation; Schwartz, 1994) on coping processes, using resource-importance appraisal as a mediating factor. The primary tenets of conservation of resources theory, as conceptualized by Hobfoll (1989), and personal values, as conceptualized by Schwartz (1992), were defined and linked using coping behavior as the common procedural outcome. Two studies were conducted using a student sample and an …


A Study Of The Effectiveness Of A Pilot Training Program In An Organizational Setting: An Intervention For Work Engagement, John Joseph Kmiec Jr. May 2010

A Study Of The Effectiveness Of A Pilot Training Program In An Organizational Setting: An Intervention For Work Engagement, John Joseph Kmiec Jr.

Dissertations

This study measured the effects of a learning intervention designed to enhance the capabilities of immediate managers to increase the level of work engagement in line employees at a small manufacturing firm in south Mississippi. The study answered the call of researchers to investigate the impact of innovative management practices on work engagement (Bakker, Schaufeli, Leiter, & Taris, 2008). The firm’s Production business unit managers participated in a 90-day learning program based on five skills outlined by Flagello and Dugas (2009); the Maintenance business unit managers did not participate in the learning. At three intervals during the intervention, the researcher …


The Relationship Between Leader Behaviors And Subordinate Performance: Examining The Moderating Influence Of Leader-Member Exchange, Kurt L. Oborn Apr 2010

The Relationship Between Leader Behaviors And Subordinate Performance: Examining The Moderating Influence Of Leader-Member Exchange, Kurt L. Oborn

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Subordinates interpret and react to the behaviors of their leaders. Based on a theory of organizational trust, it was argued that greater trust between subordinate and leader is required to respond appropriately to relations-oriented behaviors than task-oriented behaviors due to a higher level of personal risk to the subordinate. As a consequence of responding appropriately to relations-oriented behaviors, a subordinate immediately becomes identified with or connected to a leader. Such identification requires the specific LMX currency of professional respect be present in order for an adequate amount of trust to be developed. In contrast, task-oriented behaviors ally the subordinate with …


Personality Measures As Predictors Of Long-Term Employment In Air Force Officers, Levi N. Davis Mar 2010

Personality Measures As Predictors Of Long-Term Employment In Air Force Officers, Levi N. Davis

Theses and Dissertations

High degrees of organizational turnover have been associated with decreased customer satisfaction, increased customer turnover, decreased employee productivity, decreased organizational performance, and decreased profitability. As such, more than 1,500 studies have been performed in the past 50 years on the topics of retention and turnover. This study aimed to examine possible relationships between the personality make up of Air Force officers and their retention within the United States Air Force. If present, such relationships might offer avenues for improving recruitment and retention efforts within the Air Force. Between 1996 and 1997, 318 officer candidates attending the United States Air Force …


Sour Grapes While You're Down And Out: Self-Serving Bias And Applicant Attributions For Test Performance, Kyle Garret Mack Feb 2010

Sour Grapes While You're Down And Out: Self-Serving Bias And Applicant Attributions For Test Performance, Kyle Garret Mack

Dissertations and Theses

Recent research has shown that outcome favorability (Ryan & Ployhart, 2000) and perceived performance (Chan, Schmitt, Jennings, Clause, & Delbridge, 1998a) are key determinates of justice judgments, suggesting that self-serving bias is a critical mechanism in the formation of applicant reactions. However, organizational justice theory continues to be the dominant paradigm for understanding applicant reactions. Chan and Schmitt (2004) have suggested a far ranging agenda for research into reactions, which includes considering reactions in a longitudinal framework and considering the natural effect of time on reactions. The current study incorporates these theoretical approaches and addresses these gaps in the research …


The Effects Of Ethnic Diversity, Perceived Similarity, And Trust On Collaborative Behavior And Performance, Jessica Wildman Jan 2010

The Effects Of Ethnic Diversity, Perceived Similarity, And Trust On Collaborative Behavior And Performance, Jessica Wildman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Recent issues such as global economic crises, terrorism, and conservation efforts are making international collaboration a critical topic. While cultural diversity often brings with it new perspectives and innovative solutions, diversity in collaborative settings can also lead to misunderstandings and interaction problems. Therefore, there is a pressing need to understand the processes and influences of intercultural collaboration and how to manage the collaborative process to result in the most effective outcomes possible. In order to address this need, the current study examines the effect of ethnic diversity, perceived deep-level similarity, trust, and distrust on collaborative behavior and performance in decision-making …


Coworker Informal Accommodations As A Solution To Work Interfering With Family And Family Interfering With Work In Team-Based Jo, Miliani Jimenez Jan 2010

Coworker Informal Accommodations As A Solution To Work Interfering With Family And Family Interfering With Work In Team-Based Jo, Miliani Jimenez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The current study builds on prior research that has identified informal work accommodations to family as a valuable means for balancing competing work and family responsibilities. As organizations increasingly capitalize on team-based work designs, it is important to consider the informal ways in which interdependent coworkers constructively assist one another in the management of work interfering with family (WIF) and family interfering with work (FIW). The intent of this thesis is to develop a better understanding of the effects of the coping mechanisms employees in team-based jobs utilize to reduce work interfering with family. Thus, this thesis examined (a) the …


Development And Validation Of The Cross-Cultural Competence Inventory, Carol Ann Thornson Jan 2010

Development And Validation Of The Cross-Cultural Competence Inventory, Carol Ann Thornson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Understanding the factors responsible for successful interactions between cultures has been an ongoing investigation among anthropologists, social workers, and organizational psychologists. The need for employees who are able to function effectively across cultures has resulted in a great deal of research examining which factors enable expatriate effectiveness. Despite the necessity of a workforce that is able to function across cultures in today’s global economy, an even greater case can be made for cross-cultural competence (3C) in the U.S. military. The potential for loss of life and international-level consequences is high if our military forces are not adequately prepared. This is …


Predicting Sales Performance: Considering Nonlinear Relationships Between Gma, Performance, And Effectiveness, Jason D. Culbertson Jan 2010

Predicting Sales Performance: Considering Nonlinear Relationships Between Gma, Performance, And Effectiveness, Jason D. Culbertson

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Measuring Conscientiousness with Explicit and Implicit Measures Although the literature has a wealth of research predicting salesperson performance, the literature is unclear. Even meta-analytic research (Barrick et al., 2001; Schmidt & Hunter, 1998; Vinchur et al. 1998) appears inconsistent. The main goal of this study was to determine if the relationships were of a nonlinear nature and leading to confusion. This study found that the relationships between sales performance depended on the type of criteria (supervisor ratings or performance versus sales revenue or effectiveness) and the type of relationship examined (linear or nonlinear). This study was successful in demonstrating a …


The Effects Of Mood And Dispositional Affectivity On Self-Reported Job Satisfaction, Cristina D. Kirkendall Jan 2010

The Effects Of Mood And Dispositional Affectivity On Self-Reported Job Satisfaction, Cristina D. Kirkendall

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Job satisfaction has several antecedents, including situational factors (e.g., pay, job characteristics), personality factors (e.g., positive and negative affectivity), and social interactions at work. Job satisfaction is most often measured with self-report surveys which may not effectively capture unconscious attitudes or context effects such as mood. Mood at time of survey completion has been shown to have an effect on self-reported satisfaction measures. This study uses animal-related video clips as a mood induction and examines the effect of induced mood and personality factors on self-report measures of job satisfaction.


The Effects Of Stereotype Threat On Job Anxiety, Job Satisfaction, Work Specific Self-Efficacy, And Turnover Intent, Ciara Cascharelle Paige Jan 2010

The Effects Of Stereotype Threat On Job Anxiety, Job Satisfaction, Work Specific Self-Efficacy, And Turnover Intent, Ciara Cascharelle Paige

Theses Digitization Project

While an abundance of literature on stereotypes exists with regards to the workplace, less research exists that assesses how stereotypes could affect an employee and motivate him or her to leave the organization. The present study addressed the relationship among job identification, gender identification, stereotype threat perception at work, anxiety, work specific efficacy, job satisfaction, and turnover intent. A hypothesized model that connected the possible relations among stereotype threat, gender identification, job identification, job anxiety, work specific self-efficacy, job satisfaction, and turnover intent was tested using data from 267 working women.


The Relationship Between Self-Monitoring, Self-Promotion, And Agentic Traits In Leadership, Sabrina Regina Wilhelm Jan 2010

The Relationship Between Self-Monitoring, Self-Promotion, And Agentic Traits In Leadership, Sabrina Regina Wilhelm

Theses Digitization Project

Three underlying behavioral traits of self-preservation, which may be related to leadership are self-monitoring, self-promotion, and agentic traits. These are important to leadership because managers desire to select employees that have the image and the presentation that high self-monitors and self-promoters emulate. This study revealed that self-promotion is associated with leader behaviors that are likely to assist female employees obtain leadership positions in the workplace.


An Examination Of Factors Associated With Job Burnout Among Child Welfare Workers, Jennifer Marie Ahmu Jan 2010

An Examination Of Factors Associated With Job Burnout Among Child Welfare Workers, Jennifer Marie Ahmu

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study is to examine factors related to job burnout among child welfare workers specifically working for Riverside County, Department of Children's Services Division (CSD). Identifying predictors of job burnout can improve working conditions, reduce absenteeism, reduce economic cost, increase employee retention, improve client treatment, and help attract competent individuals to the profession, making job burnout a relevant and necessary area to study in social work.


The Effect Of Ethnic-Identity Salience And Negative Performance Feedback On African Americans' Explicit And Implicit Self-Evaluations, Delisa Nicole Young Jan 2010

The Effect Of Ethnic-Identity Salience And Negative Performance Feedback On African Americans' Explicit And Implicit Self-Evaluations, Delisa Nicole Young

Theses Digitization Project

The processes that underlie African Americans explicit versus implicit self-evaluations are examined by using the Associative Propositional Evaluative model (APE).


Engaging An Older Workforce: The Relationship Between Employee Engagement, Intrinsic Motivation, And Meaningfulness, Negin Kordbacheh Jan 2010

Engaging An Older Workforce: The Relationship Between Employee Engagement, Intrinsic Motivation, And Meaningfulness, Negin Kordbacheh

Theses Digitization Project

The aim of this study was to better understand employee engagement levels in light of the recent downsizing and restructuring practices. The relationship between intrinsic motivation, meaningfulness and employee engagement were examined.


Performance Differences In Diverse Contexts: The Role Of Personality, Daniel Karl Cashmore Jan 2010

Performance Differences In Diverse Contexts: The Role Of Personality, Daniel Karl Cashmore

Theses Digitization Project

This study seeks to explain performance differences in demographically diverse settings by examing introverted and extraverted individuals and using the Inverted-U-Theory developed by Hans J. Eysenck.


Effects Of Functional Background In Human Resources On Employee Outcomes, Monica Diane Freed Jan 2010

Effects Of Functional Background In Human Resources On Employee Outcomes, Monica Diane Freed

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study was to explore a Human Resources (HR) leader's functional background and how it may influence performance outcome such as job satisfaction, attrition, and satisfaction with HR processes.


The Effectiveness And Ethics Of Immediate And Top Leaders: Relationships To Organizational Climate, Organizational Commitment, And Size Of Organization, Johnny Joseph Parker Jan 2010

The Effectiveness And Ethics Of Immediate And Top Leaders: Relationships To Organizational Climate, Organizational Commitment, And Size Of Organization, Johnny Joseph Parker

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study is to understand the relationships that exist between effective leaders in an organization and ethical leaders, the climate of the organization, and the level of commitment to the organization.


Employee Resilience Following Reductions In Compensation, Eliana Isabel Ceja Jan 2010

Employee Resilience Following Reductions In Compensation, Eliana Isabel Ceja

Theses Digitization Project

The United States workforce is currently suffering from the effects of a severe financial crisis. As a result, many organizations have sought to cope by reducing employee compensation. The current study sought to identify the psychological impact these reductions (i.e. pay cuts, mandatory furloughs, etc.) had on employee attitudes and behaviors in the workplace.


The Relationship Between Core Self-Evaluations, Self-Regulation, Need Supply Fit And Job Satisfaction: A Comprehensive Model, Amanda Marie Deane Jan 2010

The Relationship Between Core Self-Evaluations, Self-Regulation, Need Supply Fit And Job Satisfaction: A Comprehensive Model, Amanda Marie Deane

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this project will explain how core self-evaluation is related to job satisfaction both directly and indirectly via the following mechanisms: emotional generalization, perception, and motivation.