Psychology Commons^™

Socioeconomic-Status And Mental Health In A Personality Disorder Sample: The Importance Of Neighborhood Factors, Zach Walsh, M. Tracie Shea, Shirley Yen, Emily B. Ansell, Carlos M. Grilo, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Robert L. Stout, Donna S. Bender, Andrew E. Skodol, Charles A. Sanislow, Leslie C. Morey, John G. Gunderson

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

This cross-sectional study examined the associations between neighborhood-level socioeconomic-status (NSES), and psychosocial functioning and personality pathology among 335 adults drawn from the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study. Participants belonged to four personality disorder (PD) diagnostic groups: Avoidant, Borderline, Schizotypal, and Obsessive Compulsive. Global functioning, social adjustment, and PD symptoms were assessed following a minimum two-year period of residential stability. Residence in higher-risk neighborhoods was associated with more PD symptoms and lower levels of functioning and social adjustment. These relationships were consistent after controlling for individual-level socioeconomic-status and ethnicity; however, the positive association between neighborhood-level socio-economic risk and PD symptoms was …

Risk Factors For Becoming Homeless Among A Cohort Of Veterans Who Served In The Era Of The Iraq And Afghanistan Conflicts, Stephen Metraux, Limin X. Clegg, John D. Daigh, Dennis P. Culhane, Vincent R. Kane

Dennis P. Culhane

Community-Level Characteristics Associated With Variations In Rates Of Homelessness Among Families And Single Adults, Jamison D. Fargo, Ellen A. Munley, Thomas H. Byrne, Ann Elizabeth Montgomery, Dennis P. Culhane

Dennis P. Culhane

Relationship Among Adverse Childhood Experiences, History Of Active Military Service, And Adult Outcomes: Homelessness, Mental Health And Physical Health, Ann Elizabeth Montgomery, J J. Cutuli, Michelle Evans-Chase, Dan Treglia, Dennis P. Culhane

Dennis P. Culhane

Homelessness Research: Shaping Policy And Practice, Now And Into The Future, Dennis P. Culhane, Vince R. Kane, Mark Johnston

Dennis P. Culhane

Universal Screening For Homelessness And Risk For Homelessness In The Veterans Health Administration, Ann Elizabeth Montgomery, Jamison D. Fargo, Thomas H. Byrne, Vincent R. Kane, Dennis P. Culhane

Dennis P. Culhane

More Than "Mentally-Ill": Differentiating Help-Seeking From Mental-Illness Stigma In A College Population, Jeritt Ross Tucker

Jeritt R. Tucker

Two disparate and long-standing lines of research exist: studies of the stigma of mental illness (e.g., Link et al., 1989) and studies of the self-stigma of seeking psychological help (e.g., Vogel, Wade, & Haake, 2006). While some researchers implicitly treat these two constructs as synonymous (e.g., Corrigan, Watson, & Barr, 2006), others make the argument that they are theoretically and empirically distinct (e.g., Ben-Porath, 2002). To help clarify this debate, the present investigation examined measures of both constructs among 729 undergraduate students at a large Midwestern University. Exploratory factor analysis indicated that, while there is a strong correlation between the …

Positive Youth Development Resources, Leadership Efficacy, And Transition Outcomes Among Young Adults In North Carolina Families United Programs, Mason G. Haber

Mason G. Haber

Since 2009, NC Families United has worked with a team at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte (UNCC) to evaluate its programs supporting transition to adulthood of youth ages 16 to 25 (i.e., “transition-age”) youth with mental health conditions. Two programs have been the focus of the evaluation: 1) an intensive case management program for youth, Transition Mentoring, which uses a promising practice to support youth in achieving their transition-related goals (the Rehabilitation for Empowerment, Natural Supports, Education, & Work [RENEW] model); 2) the Youth Leadership Series (YLS), a multi-session curriculum to help youth with mental health conditions advocate …

The Effectiveness Of Educational Interventions In Reducing Negative Attitudes And Stigmatisation Toward Patients With Anorexia Nervosa, Amy Bannatyne, Peta Stapleton

Peta B. Stapleton

It is frequently reported that clinicians across a range of professional disciplines experience strong negative reactions toward patients with eating disorders, particularly anorexia nervosa (AN). As research consistently demonstrates fear of stigma is the most frequently cited reason explaining why individuals with mental illness do not seek treatment, the current study aimed to develop, evaluate and compare the effectiveness of two differing educational interventions, based on an etiological framing model, against a wait-list control. Participants were fourth-year medicine students randomly assigned to one of three conditions. A three-hour educational workshop was delivered to participants at the beginning of an eight-week …

The Role Of Assertiveness On Telephone Crisis Supporter Well-Being And Service Provision, Tara Hunt, Coralie Wilson, Peter Caputi, Alan Woodward, Grahame Gould, Taneile Kitchingman

Taneile Kitchingman

Poster presented at the National Suicide Prevention Conference, Melbourne Australia, July 2013

Help-negation (reluctance to seek help as distress levels increase) occurs among Telephone Crisis Supporters (TCSs) who are exposed to suicidal, depressed and anxious callers, and impacts both personal wellbeing and TCSs intention to use recommended skills with callers (Kitchingman, Wilson, Caputi, Woodward, 2013). Assertiveness is a key clinical skill that facilitates the capacity to effectively and confidently deliver telephone crisis support. Due to the highly specific nature of the telephone counselling context, TCSs face challenges in communicating assertively and establishing of boundaries which are important in effective service …

Brain Activity And Medical Diagnosis: An Eeg Study, Laila M. Ribas, Fábio T. Rocha, Neli R. Ortega, Armando F. Rocha, Eduardo Massad

Armando F Rocha

Despite new brain imaging techniques that have improved the study of the underlying processes of human decision-making, to the best of our knowledge, there have been very few studies that have attempted to investigate brain activity during medical diagnostic processing.The main purpose of this paper was to investigate brain electroencephalography (EEG) activity associated with diagnostic decision-making in the realm of veterinary medicine using X-rays as a fundamental auxiliary test. The principal component analysis revealed four patterns that accounted for 85% of the total variance in the EEG activity recorded while veterinary doctors read a clinical history, examined an X-ray image …

The 2012 Annual Homelessness Assessment Report (Ahar) To Congress: Volume 2, Estimates Of Homelessness In The United States, Claudia Solari, Alvaro Cortes, Scott Brown, Jill Khadduri, Dennis P. Culhane

Dennis P. Culhane

Convergent And Incremental Predictive Validity Of Clinician, Self-Report, And Structured Interview Diagnoses For Personality Disorders Over 5 Years, Douglas B. Samuel, Charles A. Sanislow, Christopher J. Hopwood, M. Tracie Shea, Andrew E. Skodol, Leslie C. Morey, Emily B. Ansell, John C. Markowitz, Mary C. Zanarini, Carlos M. Grilo

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

OBJECTIVE: Research has demonstrated poor agreement between clinician-assigned personality disorder (PD) diagnoses and those generated by self-report questionnaires and semistructured diagnostic interviews. No research has compared prospectively the predictive validity of these methods. We investigated the convergence of these 3 diagnostic methods and tested their relative and incremental validity in predicting independent, multimethod assessments of psychosocial functioning performed prospectively over 5 years.

METHOD: Participants were 320 patients in the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study diagnosed with PDs by therapist, self-report, and semistructured interview at baseline. We examined the relative incremental validity of therapists' naturalistic ratings relative to these other diagnostic …

Does Practice Make Perfect? A Randomized Control Trial Of Behavioral Rehearsal On Suicide Prevention Gatekeeper Skills, Wendi F. Cross, David Seaburn, Danette Gibbs, Karen Schmeelk-Cone, Ann Marie White, Eric D. Caine

Danette Gibbs

Suicide is the third leading cause of death among 10-24-year-olds and the target of school-based prevention efforts. Gatekeeper training, a broadly disseminated prevention strategy, has been found to enhance participant knowledge and attitudes about intervening with distressed youth. Although the goal of training is the development of gatekeeper skills to intervene with at-risk youth, the impact on skills and use of training is less known. Brief gatekeeper training programs are largely educational and do not employ active learning strategies such as behavioral rehearsal through role play practice to assist skill development. In this study, we compare gatekeeper training as usual …

16. Child Witnesses And Imagination: Lying, Hypothetical Reasoning, And Referential Ambiguity., Thomas D. Lyon

Thomas D. Lyon

The Effects Of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction On Nurse Stress And Burnout: A Quantitative And Qualitative Study, Joanne Cohen-Katz, Susan Wiley, Terry Capuano, Debra Baker, Shauna Shapiro

Terry A Capuano MBA, MSN, RN, FACHE, NE-BC

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction On Nurse Stress And Burnout: A Quantitative And Qualitative Study, Part Iii, Joanne Cohen-Katz, Susan Wiley, Terry Capuano, Debra Baker, Lynn Deitrick, Shauna Shapiro

Terry A Capuano MBA, MSN, RN, FACHE, NE-BC

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction On Nurse Stress And Burnout, Part Ii: A Quantitative And Qualitative Study, Joanne Cohen-Katz, Susan Wiley, Terry Capuano, Debra Baker, Sharon Kimmel, Shauna Shapiro

Terry A Capuano MBA, MSN, RN, FACHE, NE-BC

No abstract provided.

Ray Chin's Labyrinth Making Workshop July 13, 2013, Donna Zucker

Donna M. Zucker

July 13 Ray Chin joined the Labyrinth Connection of Western Massachusetts to conduct a day long workshop on Labyrinth making. Our day concluded with the production of a new labyrinth and a special blessing by Ray utilizing a Kyudo demonstration.

Cognitive, Affective And Social Processes Involved In Help-Negation After Critical Suicidal Thoughts, Coralie Wilson

Coralie J Wilson

Help-negation is defined as the process of help withdrawal or avoidance found among those currently experiencing clinical and subclinical levels of different forms of psychological distress, including low and critical levels of suicidal ideation (Wilson, Bushnell, Caputi, 2011). Understanding the determinants of help-negation in suicidal samples that have not yet come to treatment provides a potent opportunity to target prevention and early intervention strategies to facilitate appropriate and timely help-seeking. Over 20 help-negation studies have ruled out variables that might explain the withdrawal process associated with suicidal thoughts. These results now point to biological and neurological underpinnings working together with …

Preventing Help-Negation For Suicidal Ideation: Implications For Social Network Size And Frequency Of Social Interaction, Coralie J. Wilson

Coralie J Wilson

Help-negation is seen when the severity of an individual’s suicidal ideation increases and they become less likely to seek help as a result of their condition. Research has implicated distorted affect regulation and perceptual processes related to social support in the development of help-negation among suicidal individuals (Wilson et al., 2013). Future research needs to focus on psycho-social factors that can be linked to neurological processes that differentiate suicidal individuals from controls and are directly implicated in the help-negation processes associated with suicidal ideation. As suicidal individuals have interpersonal needs rejected they may cease to seek or accept help. The …

Role Of Assertiveness In Telephone Crisis Supporter Well-Being And Service Provision, Coralie J. Wilson

Coralie J Wilson

Help-negation (reluctance to seek help as distress levels increase) occurs among Telephone Crisis Supporters (TCSs) who are exposed to suicidal, depressed and anxious callers, and impacts both personal wellbeing and TCSs intention to use recommended skills with callers (Kitchingman, Wilson, Caputi, Woodward, 2013). Assertiveness is a key clinical skill that facilitates the capacity to effectively and confidently deliver telephone crisis support. Due to the highly specific nature of the telephone counselling context, TCSs face challenges in communicating assertively and establishing of boundaries which are important in effective service provision and the maintenance of counsellor-wellbeing. This paper presents results of two …

Help-Negation Among Telephone Crisis Support Workers: Impact On Personal Wellbeing And Worker Performance, Coralie J. Wilson

Coralie J Wilson

Telephone crisis supporters (TCSs) provide front line mental health support to callers in crisis. TCSs often support callers with suicidal thoughts, depression and anxiety, and the caller’s experience of the call will influence whether they will seek help from a crisis support service in the future. Despite their important role, little information on TCSs’ mental health and help-seeking behaviour exists – a structured literature search returned only 2 studies. This paper presents the results of the first study in a national research program that is aiming to inform the future training, preparation, supervision, and support of frontline health professionals who …

Emotion Socialization And Ethnicity: An Examination Of Practices And Outcomes In African American, Asian American, And Latin American Families, Diana M. Morelen, Kristel Thomassin

Diana M. Morelen

An Event-Related Examination Of Neural Activity During Social Interactions, Jason R. Themanson, Stephanie M. Khatcherian, Aaron B. Ball, Peter J. Rosen

Jason R. Themanson, Ph.D

Social exclusion is known to cause alterations in neural activity and perceptions of social distress. However, previous research is largely limited to examining social interactions as a unitary phenomenon without investigating adjustments in neural and attentional processes that occur during social interactions. To address this limitation, we examined neural activity on a trial-by-trial basis during different social interactions. Our results show conflict monitoring neural alarm activation, indexed by the N2, in response to specific exclusionary events; even during interactions that are inclusionary overall and in the absence of self-reported feelings of social pain. Furthermore, we show enhanced attentional activation to …

Educating And Transforming The Future Public Health Workforce: Lessons Learned From Developing & Implementing An Innovative, Interdisciplinary Mph Graduate Course For Public Health Practice, Leah Neubauer, Kristin Jacobson

Leah C. Neubauer

The Affordable Care Act allocated $250 million in 2010 for disease prevention via four critical priorities, including Public Health Training and Research & Tracking. Public health educators in academia have an opportunity to reexamine and reconstruct educative preparations for public health workers to adequately identify and address the environmental, social, and behavioral issues that impact health across the life span. Public health professionals are obligated to consider the larger political, social, and economic implications forces surrounding their work to affect the largest possible positive outcomes in communities ' health. This presentation will highlight the establishment of a graduate MPH course …

Enhancing Treatment Participation In Camhs Among Families Of Conduct Problem Children: Effectiveness Study Of A Clinician Training Programme, Bruce Watt, Mark Dadds, Denisse Best, Catherine Daviess

Bruce Watt

Background: The effectiveness of a training programme targeting structural and therapy process strategies to enhance treatment attendance among families of conduct problem children was evaluated across three community mental health clinics. Method: Utilising a staggered multiple-baseline design, referrals prior to clinician training were compared to posttraining referrals (N=221). Results: In comparison to service as usual, children and their families referred after the training initiative had significantly higher treatment attendance (66% vs. 83%) and 79% less likelihood of attrition, though findings were mixed for child's mental health. Conclusions: The findings provide initial support for the effectiveness of the clinician training programme …

Cognitive Versus Technical Debriefing After Simulation Training, William Bond, Lynn Deitrick, Mary Eberhardt, Gavin Barr, Bryan Kane, Charles Worrilow, Pat Croskerry

Bryan G Kane MD

No abstract provided.

Individuals With Single Versus Multiple Suicide Attempts Over 10 Years Of Prospective Follow-Up, Christina L. Boisseaua, Shirley Yen, John C. Markowitz, Carlos M. Grilo, Charles A. Sanislow, M. Tracie Shea, Mary C. Zanarini, Andrew E. Skodol, John G. Gunderson, Leslie C. Morey, Thomas H. Mcglashan

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Background: The study attempted to identify characteristics that differentiate multiple suicide attempters from single attempters in individuals with personality disorders (PDs) and/or major depression.

Method: Participants were 431 participants enrolled in the Collaborative Longitudinal Study of Personality Disorders from July 1996 to June 2008. Suicide attempts were assessed with the Longitudinal Interval Follow-up Evaluation at 6 and 12months, then yearly through 10years. Logistic regression was used to compare single attempters to multiple attempters on Axis I and II psychiatric disorders and personality trait variables.

Results: Twenty-one percent of participants attempted suicide during the 10years of observation, with 39 (9.0%) reporting …

Review Of Physical Activity Prevalence Of Asian School-Age Children And Adolescents, Andre M. Müller

Andre M Müller

Overweight and obese populations in Asia are high and increasing rapidly. Physical activity prevalence studies have found low physical activity rates among Asian school-age children and adolescents. The purpose of this review is to establish a baseline for physical activity rates in Asian school-age children and adolescents and serve as a platform for additional research. Thirty articles published between 2000 and 2011 on physical activity prevalence of school-age children and adolescents were included in the review. Fourteen studies were conducted in East Asia, 10 in Southeast Asia, 2 in South Asia, and 2 in West Asia. Studies used subjective methods …