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Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Sweet Success, Bitter Defeat: A Taste Phenotype Predicts Social Status In Selectively Bred Rats., Clinton Chapman, Nancy Dess, John Eaton
Sweet Success, Bitter Defeat: A Taste Phenotype Predicts Social Status In Selectively Bred Rats., Clinton Chapman, Nancy Dess, John Eaton
Clinton D Chapman
For social omnivores such as rats and humans, taste is far more than a chemical sense activated by food. By virtue of evolutionary and epigenetic elaboration, taste is associated with negative affect, stress vulnerability, responses to psychoactive substances, pain, and social judgment. A crucial gap in this literature, which spans behavior genetics, affective and social neuroscience, and embodied cognition, concerns links between taste and social behavior in rats. Here we show that rats selectively bred for low saccharin intake are subordinate to high-saccharin-consuming rats when they compete in weight-matched dyads for food, a task used to model depression. Statistical and …
Mixed Emotional Experience Is Associated With And Precedes Improvements In Psychological Well-Being, Jonathan Adler, Hal Hershfield
Mixed Emotional Experience Is Associated With And Precedes Improvements In Psychological Well-Being, Jonathan Adler, Hal Hershfield
Jonathan M. Adler
Background The relationships between positive and negative emotional experience and physical and psychological well-being have been well-documented. The present study examines the prospective positive relationship between concurrent positive and negative emotional experience and psychological well-being in the context of psychotherapy. Methods 47 adults undergoing psychotherapy completed measures of psychological well-being and wrote private narratives that were coded by trained raters for emotional content. Results The specific concurrent experience of happiness and sadness was associated with improvements in psychological well-being above and beyond the impact of the passage of time, personality traits, or the independent effects of happiness and sadness. Changes …
Modernization And Status Change Among Aged Men And Women, Roger Clark
Modernization And Status Change Among Aged Men And Women, Roger Clark
Roger D. Clark
This study investigates the differences between the relationship between elderly occupational status and modernization for men and women. Consonant with previous findings [1], it finds that economic development is associated with relative losses of elderly men in professional and technical occupations. Augmenting those findings, however, it finds an even stronger association between development and such losses for women. In accounting for the differences, several explanations are advanced and tested, using data from fifty-one nations.
Multinational Corporate Penetration, Industrialism, Region, And Social Security Expenditures, Roger Clark, Rachel Filinson
Multinational Corporate Penetration, Industrialism, Region, And Social Security Expenditures, Roger Clark, Rachel Filinson
Roger D. Clark
This study examines the determinants of spending on social security programs. We draw predictions from industrialism and dependency theories, for the explanation of social security programs. The explanations are tested with data on seventy-five nations, representative of core, semiperipheral and peripheral nations. Industrialization variables such as the percentage of older adults and economic productivity have strong effects in models involving all nations, as does multinational corporate (MNC) penetration in extraction, particularily when region is controlled; such penetration is negatively associated with spending on social security. We then look at industrialism and dependency effects for peripheral and non-core nations alone. The …