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Individual Differences In Taste, Body Weight, And Depression In The "Helplessness" Rat Model And In Humans., Clinton Chapman, Nancy Dess
Individual Differences In Taste, Body Weight, And Depression In The "Helplessness" Rat Model And In Humans., Clinton Chapman, Nancy Dess
Clinton D Chapman
In Exp 1, exposure of rats to unsignaled, inescapable shock resulted in finickiness about drinking a weak quinine solution. In contrast, exposure to escapable shock resulted in marked individual differences in finickiness that were predicted by prestress body weight. A more sensitive index of finickiness was used in Exp 2, and a correlation between body weight and finickiness was observed in nonshocked rats. In Exp 3, measures of quinine reactivity and body weight predicted depressive symptomatology in a nonclinical human sample of 37 undergraduates. Although research in the helplessness paradigm usually focuses on environmental determinants of distress, the paradigm may …
Stressors In The Learned Helplessness Paradigm: Effects On Body Weight And Conditioned Taste Aversion In Rats., Clinton Chapman, Nancy Dess, John Garcia, Jeffrey Raizer
Stressors In The Learned Helplessness Paradigm: Effects On Body Weight And Conditioned Taste Aversion In Rats., Clinton Chapman, Nancy Dess, John Garcia, Jeffrey Raizer
Clinton D Chapman
In Exp 1, 44 male rats drank saccharin or a control solution, followed by 100 inescapable shocks or simple restraint. Ss were weighed daily and were tested for saccharin aversion 2 days after the stress session. Shocked Ss gained less weight than restrained controls. Saccharin aversion was apparent only among Ss that had consumed saccharin before the stress session. In Exp 2, 72 Ss drank saccharin solution, followed by shock, restraint, or no treatment. Half of each group was injected with saline; the other half was injected with lithium chloride. Shock reduced body weight relative to restraint or no treatment …