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Articles 1 - 5 of 5
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Psychophysics Of Perceiving Eye-Gaze And Head Direction With Peripheral Vision: Implications For The Dynamics Of Eye-Gaze Behavior, Jack M. Loomis, Jonathan W. Kelly, Matthias Pusch, Jeremy N. Bailenson, Andrew C. Beall
Psychophysics Of Perceiving Eye-Gaze And Head Direction With Peripheral Vision: Implications For The Dynamics Of Eye-Gaze Behavior, Jack M. Loomis, Jonathan W. Kelly, Matthias Pusch, Jeremy N. Bailenson, Andrew C. Beall
Jonathan W. Kelly
Two psychophysical experiments are reported, one dealing with the visual perception of the head orientation of another person (the `looker') and the other dealing with the percep- tion of the looker's direction of eye gaze. The participant viewed the looker with different retinal eccentricities, ranging from foveal to far-peripheral viewing. On average, judgments of head orientation were reliable even out to the extremes of peripheral vision (90 8 eccentricity), with better performance at the extremes when the participant was able to view the looker changing head orientation from one trial to the next. In sharp contrast, judgments of eye-gaze direction …
Accurate Vocal Compensation For Sound Intensity Loss With Increasing Distance In Natural Environments, Pavel Zahorik, Jonathan W. Kelly
Accurate Vocal Compensation For Sound Intensity Loss With Increasing Distance In Natural Environments, Pavel Zahorik, Jonathan W. Kelly
Jonathan W. Kelly
Human abilities to adjust vocal output to compensate for intensity losses due to sound propagation over distance were investigated. Ten normally hearing adult participants were able to compensate for propagation losses ranging from −1.8 to −6.4dB/doubling source distance over a range of distances from 1 to 8m. The compensation was performed to within 1.2dB of accuracy on average across all participants, distances, and propagation loss conditions with no practice or explicit training. These results suggest that natural vocal communication processes of humans may incorporate tacit knowledge of physical sound propagationproperties more sophisticated than previously supposed.
Importance Of Perceptual Representation In The Visual Control Of Action, Jack M. Loomis, Andrew C. Beall, Jonathan W. Kelly, Kristen L. Macuga
Importance Of Perceptual Representation In The Visual Control Of Action, Jack M. Loomis, Andrew C. Beall, Jonathan W. Kelly, Kristen L. Macuga
Jonathan W. Kelly
In recent years, many experiments have demonstrated that optic flow is sufficient for visually controlled action, with the suggestion that perceptual representations of 3-D space are superfluous. In contrast, recent research in our lab indicates that some visually controlled actions, including some thought to be based on optic flow, are indeed mediated by perceptual representations. For example, we have demonstrated that people are able to perform complex spatial behaviors, like walking, driving, and object interception, in virtual environments which are rendered visible solely by cyclopean stimulation (random-dot cinematograms). In such situations, the absence of any retinal optic flow that is …
Perception Of Shared Visual Space: Establishing Common Ground In Real And Virtual Environments, Jonathan W. Kelly, Andrew C. Beall, Jack M. Loomis
Perception Of Shared Visual Space: Establishing Common Ground In Real And Virtual Environments, Jonathan W. Kelly, Andrew C. Beall, Jack M. Loomis
Jonathan W. Kelly
When people have visual access to the same space, judgments of this shared visual space (shared vista) can facilitate communication and collaboration. This study establishes baseline performance on a shared vista task in real environments and draws comparisons with performance in visually immersive virtual environments. Participants indicated which parts of the scene were visible to an assistant or avatar (simulated person used in virtual environments) and which parts were occluded by a nearby building. Errors increased with increasing distance between the participant and the assistant out to 15 m, and error patterns were similar between real and virtual environments. This …
Judgments Of Exocentric Direction In Large-Scale Space, Jonathan W. Kelly, Jack M. Loomis, Andrew C. Beall
Judgments Of Exocentric Direction In Large-Scale Space, Jonathan W. Kelly, Jack M. Loomis, Andrew C. Beall
Jonathan W. Kelly
Judgments of exocentric direction are quite common, especially when judging where others are looking or pointing. To investigate these judgments in large-scale space, observers were shown two targets in a large open field and were asked to judge the exocentric direction specified by the targets. The targets ranged in egocentric distance from 5 to 20 m with target-to-target angular separations of 45 8 ,90 8 , and 135 8 . Observers judged exocentric direction using two methods: (i) by judging which point on a distant fence appeared collinear with the two targets, and (ii) by orienting their body in a …