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Articles 151 - 180 of 262
Full-Text Articles in Psychology
Front Matter 11.1
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
No abstract provided.
Volume 10.2
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
No abstract provided.
End Matter 10.2
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
No abstract provided.
Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Depression
Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Depression
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Depression goes untreated at high rates due to a variety of treatment barriers. Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CCBT) provides an alternative to face-to-face therapy that addresses those treatment barriers t, reducing the cost of therapy, moving the location of therapy to the participants' homes, and providing therapy for those who cannot be seen by a therapist due to excess demand for therapy. Although much research has been done showing CCBT's effectiveness, there is a lack of literature describing the actual implementation of computerized therapy. This review outlines the integration of CCBT into therapeutic practice, including what factors determine its effectiveness. …
Diet Modifications To Treat Depression: A Potential Supplement To Pharmacological Medications
Diet Modifications To Treat Depression: A Potential Supplement To Pharmacological Medications
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Pharmacological drugs have become generally accepted as the primary form of treatment for depression, but simple modifications to diet should be another option taken into consideration. Antidepressant drugs are often expensive and have negative side effects, but some dietary supplements and or changes in diet are less of a financial burden and less physically detrimental. In studies of the role diet plays in depression, specific nutrients have been identified, including omega-3 lipids, zinc, folate, vitamin B12, and tryptophan, which shows particular promise in the treatment of depression. Although combinations of nutrients or treatments could negatively interact, further research could identify …
Measuring A New Demographic: The Swag Inventory 2012
Measuring A New Demographic: The Swag Inventory 2012
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
The new prevalence of the social phenomenon of "swag" merits attention from psychological researchers. The published literature currently addresses related constructs, such as arrogance, narcissism, and male body image, but there are no existing studies that specifically deal with swag. We operationally defined swag as "arrogance rooted in physical appearance" and developed the Swag Inventory 2012 (SI). We hypothesized that the SI would be a reliable and valid measure of swag in college-aged men. Thirty items were constructed on a 5-point Likert scale and rated for content validity by a panel of undergraduate psychology students. Fifteen items achieved acceptable levels …
Development And Validation Of The Student Readiness To Change Scale
Development And Validation Of The Student Readiness To Change Scale
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Studies have found that most college students have ineffective study habits. Despite this fact, students may feel hesitant or even hostile to changes ii study routines. To assist academic advisers in facilitating study-habit improvement in students, we developed the Student Readiness to Change Scale (STRETCH). This scale measures students' readiness to change in three domains: recognition of the need to change, a desire to change, and the perceived ability to change. We devised five Likert scale items for each "domain, making 15 items in total. We distributed the scale to a sample of J03 college students and received 94 completed …
Parents And Education: Their Role In Influencing Educational Outcomes In Children
Parents And Education: Their Role In Influencing Educational Outcomes In Children
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Educational outcomes for children have recently decreased nationwide, in part because of a decline in teachers' efforts to sufficiently educate students. Additionally, research indicates a decline in parents' contributions to their children's learning. As a result, more students are failing to graduate from high school, and suggestions implemented to improve the situation do not appear to be effective. Parents are allotting less time to help their children with schoolwork, which contributes in hindering the creation of a positive learning atmosphere at home. In addition, parents are becoming less involved in school activities, which may prompt social and intellectual distress in …
The Internet: Changing The Face Of Infidelity
The Internet: Changing The Face Of Infidelity
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
The ubiquity of the Internet in society has had a lasting impact on many things, including the commonly accepted ideals concerning infidelity. This paper reviews current literature on infidelity, beginning with the negative consequences of infidelity and the characteristics most commonly associated with individuals involved in infidelity. Although there is extensive knowledge gained from these studies, the advent of the Internet has changed infidelity, including both the type of people involved and the actions that are considered to be unfaithful. This change in practice may necessitate a change in the current definition of infidelity. Consequently, advances in the research of …
Perceptions Of Interracial Marriage Through The Eyes Of Individualistic And Collectivist Cultures
Perceptions Of Interracial Marriage Through The Eyes Of Individualistic And Collectivist Cultures
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Recent increases in immigration and globalization show dramatically augmented numbers of interracial marriages, especially in the United States. This study examined the unique effects of ethnicity on attitudes towards interracial marriages, particularly those with a collectivist (Eastern) and individualistic (Western) cultural background. A combined sample of 171 Caucasian and Asian college students responded to the Interracial Marriage Attitude Measure (IMAM) to measure acceptance rates of interracial relationships. Findings suggest that race is an effective predictor of attitude, and Asians were significantly less favorable towards interracial marriages than Caucasians. The results supported our hypothesis that Asian collectivist societies feel more strongly …
Reduction Of Traumatic Brain Injury Through Helmet Education And Legislation
Reduction Of Traumatic Brain Injury Through Helmet Education And Legislation
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Traumatic Brain Injury (TB!) is a leading cause of many of debilitating injuries and even death. These injuries often occur in common athletic activities, such as bicycling, snow skiing, snowboarding, football, and skateboarding. TB! resulting from each of these activities can be reduced by the proper use of certified helmets. Surveys have been conducted with college-age students, neurosurgeons, and the general population, and the results show that many believe in the efficacy of helmets as a means of protection. However, cognitive dissonance is displayed in the limited helmet use reported in these samples. Among the reasons researchers have found for …
Concussion Prevention And Treatment In American Football For Professional And Non-Professional Athletes
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
In the past few years, the National Football League (NFL) has dealt with considerable controversy regarding the effects of head injury with its professional football players. Head injuries suffered during hard contact sports have now been connected to many psychological issues such as depression, dementia, substance abuse, changes in personality, and even suicide. Concussions suffered in the NFL and at the collegiate level are not the only concern; in fact, many high school and younger-aged athletes are suffering from football-related injuries as well. In order to ensure the safety of professional and amateur football players, adjustments must be made to …
A Hoarding Index For Adults
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Hoarding is defined in terms of four observable aspects: (a) accumulation, (b) collection, (c) lack of disposal, and (d) pathological attachment. Typically, hoarding has an early age at onset and displays a progression of clinical symptoms. Early-stage detection and diagnosis in young and middle-aged adults could allow a therapeutic response to hoarding symptoms in a timely manner and prevent later-life hoarding trauma. We hypothesized that the Hoarding Index for Adults (RIA) would reliably and validly measure two domains: (a) abnormally-intensified patterns of acquisition and (b) reduced patterns of disposal. To test our hypothesis, we created a 10-item online survey and …
Defining Autism: Social Influences And The Need For The New Classification
Defining Autism: Social Influences And The Need For The New Classification
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
The diagnosis of Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is rising, and the explanation is difficult to identify. Multiple factors play a role in diagnosis beyond the presenting symptoms. First, society is simply more aware of ASD than before, due to increased exposure. However, greater awareness alone does not give the full picture. Second, having a child with ASD within a community increases the likelihood of more diagnoses. Lastly, despite parents' resistance to labeling their children, they may feel pressured to accept a diagnosis in order to receive services that teachers or mental health professionals deem necessary. Despite the diagnostic criteria in …
Front Matter 10.2
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
No abstract provided.
Full Journal 9.1
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
No abstract provided.
End Matter 9.1
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
No abstract provided.
Family Life As Context For Adolescent Moral Development
Family Life As Context For Adolescent Moral Development
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Adolescence (ages 12-19) is foundational for adulthood. Many changes occur during adolescence preparing adolescents for adult life. Some of these changes include physical changes accompanying puberty, cognitive changes, and social changes like spending less time with family and more time with peers.Adolescents' social shift away from family has raised questions on how much influence parents have on their teens. Researchers found parents have an influence on their teens, particularly on teens' moral development. Different parenting styles (Baumrind, 1966 ), family structures (two-parent vs. single-parent vs. adoptive parents, etc.), and levels of family cohesiveness play roles in adolescents' moral development. This …
The Effects Of Shyness On Scholastic Experience A Review Of The Literature
The Effects Of Shyness On Scholastic Experience A Review Of The Literature
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Shyness can affect adjustment into school, teacher-student relationships, and scholastic achievement. Ibis literature review covers several studies published in the past 10 years on the effects of shyness and introversion on scholastic experience. Research implies that shy students have a more difficult time adjusting to new environments and school settings than their non-shy peers. Most research indicates that teacher-student relationships are weaker when students are shy, and that teachers are more likely to underestimate introverted students' academic abilities. Whereas shy students perform well on group tests, they often perform significantly below average on individually administered tests. Further research should be …
Characteristics Of Exercise That Influence Emotional Health Type, Intensity, And Duration
Characteristics Of Exercise That Influence Emotional Health Type, Intensity, And Duration
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
The importance of exercise in molding a healthy mind, body, and emotional perception has been well established in scientific research. A review of the recent literature examining type, intensity, and duration of exercise illustrates how to achieve the best emotional results. Because exercise is not naturally built in to the modern lifestyle, people need to make concerted effort to exercise in order to better deal with stress and experience positive emotions. Studies indicate that both animals and humans are better able to cope with stressors when able to voluntary exercise. However, not all exercise is alike. Aerobic exercise appears to …
Caging The Ill The Mental Health Crisis In The U.S. Prisons And Jails
Caging The Ill The Mental Health Crisis In The U.S. Prisons And Jails
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
The U.S. criminal justice system contains many people with mental illness. In fact, the lack of mental health institutions has, in part, converted prisons and jails into detainment facilities for the mentally ill. Yet prisons and jails are ill-equipped to handle these individuals. Additionally, prisons and jails foster an unstable environment for the mentally ill that can ultimately result in harm to themselves and others. A viable alternative for mentally ill offenders is the use of mental health courts. These courts provide professional treatment, supervision, training, and disciplinary proceedings that reduce recidivism, promote rehabilitation, and incur fewer financial costs. The …
Patient Suicide And Its Impact On The Therapist
Patient Suicide And Its Impact On The Therapist
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Patient suicide is shown to have a substantial impact on therapists' personal and professional lives. Although various populations are affected differently, psychologists, psychiatrists, and mental health social workers may experience intense emotions, such as depression, trauma, anger, and guilt after patient suicide. This literature review will explore the effects of patient suicide on both the personal and professional life of therapists, as well as identify methods of "postvention" that have been shown to be most helpful far the therapist. After experiencing patient suicide, therapists often gain a greater awareness of future patients' well-being and may change the way they practice. …
The Benefits And Implications Of Birth Order Position
The Benefits And Implications Of Birth Order Position
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
This literature review examines the implications and benefits of birth order position on the child. Depending upon position, somewhat predictable differences are likely in expectations, responsibilities, opportunities, nurturing and the like. Consequently, birth order affects the child's peer relationships and the child's self-esteem. Children without siblings have difficulty relating with their peers throughout their lives and have relatively higher self-esteem. Firstborn children strive towards perfection and report higher self-esteem. This tendency may impact peer relationships negatively, except when in a position of power. Middle-born children have relatively good relationships with their peers and lower self-esteem. Last born children tend to …
Adjustment Outcomes Of Divorce For Young Children And Adolescents
Adjustment Outcomes Of Divorce For Young Children And Adolescents
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
The pervasiveness of divorce attracts the attention of researchers in many fields. The purpose of this literature review is to summarize and synthesize major themes regarding the adjustment outcomes (the process and outcomes of adaptation to new circumstances) of divorce from current psychological literature. These themes are divided into two distinct age groups far contrast and comparison: young children and adolescents. Review and analysis of the literature revealed unique internalized and externalized outcomes far each age group. Young children showed an ability to comprehend but not cope with problems and an inability to deal with affect, which most often leads …
Twenty-One And Single!?: Marriage Desperation Among Single Byu Students
Twenty-One And Single!?: Marriage Desperation Among Single Byu Students
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
Getting married at an early age is a social norm far members of the Latter-day Saint (LDS) faith. To our knowledge there are no published studies of marriage desperation in that culture. The goal of our study was to develop an instrument for reliably and validly measuring marriage desperation, which we operationally defined as the frequency of contemplating marriage as well as other actions likely to result in getting married. The Marriage Desperation Scale (MDS) consists of 10 items rated on a 4-point Likert scale. The MDS was administered to a convenience sample of 166 single LDS participants via an …
Front Matter 9.1
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
No abstract provided.
Full Journal 2.1
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
No abstract provided.
End Matter 2.1
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
No abstract provided.
Evidence-Based Practice Movements In Psychology: Empirically Supported Treatments, Common Factors, And Objective Methodological Pluralism
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
The empirically supported treatment and common-factors rnovements each offer a .framework for evidence-based practice. However, neither framework is sufficiently objective or inclusive; rather, they are based on unexamined conceptions of evidence that commit pre-investigatory biases against certain types of methods and practices. An EST framework is built upon unexamined medical-model assumptions of evidence that are biased toward specific treatments based on randomized controlled (or clinical) trials (RCTs}; thus, it fails to consider viable non-medical-model research methods and types of practice. Analogously, the common-factors movement, which has influenced a recent American Psychological Association (APA) policy on evidence-based practice, is built upon …
Retrograde Amnestic Symptoms From Witnessing A Traumatic Event
Retrograde Amnestic Symptoms From Witnessing A Traumatic Event
Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology
According to Loftus and Burns (I 982), retrograde amnesia can result from witnessing a traumatic event. In this experiment, two groups of participants were surveyed after a brief presentation. One group witnessed a mildly traumatic event in the presentation and one did not. Both groups were then asked to recall information from the presentation. Compared with the non-trauma group, significantly fewer participants in the trauma group recalled information from the presentation (66.6% vs. 21.8%; chi-square test significant at the 0.001 level), supporting our hypothesis that witnessing tl mildly traumatic event may result in retrograde amnestic symptoms.